1 00:00:08,608 --> 00:00:11,345 >> HEY, EVERYONE, AND THANKS FOR 2 00:00:11,345 --> 00:00:14,081 >> HEY, EVERYONE, AND THANKS FOR TURNING IN TODAY. 3 00:00:14,081 --> 00:00:15,816 TURNING IN TODAY. I AM HERE WITH PRISCILLA AND 4 00:00:15,816 --> 00:00:19,086 I AM HERE WITH PRISCILLA AND DR. TOM FREEMAN, WHO IS THE 5 00:00:19,086 --> 00:00:20,053 DR. TOM FREEMAN, WHO IS THE FORMER DIRECTOR OF THE CDC, THE 6 00:00:20,053 --> 00:00:23,257 FORMER DIRECTOR OF THE CDC, THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL, AND 7 00:00:23,257 --> 00:00:24,658 CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL, AND IS CURRENTLY THE FOUNDER, 8 00:00:24,658 --> 00:00:26,059 IS CURRENTLY THE FOUNDER, PRESIDENT, AND CEO OF GROUP 9 00:00:26,059 --> 00:00:27,561 PRESIDENT, AND CEO OF GROUP CALLED RESOLVED TO SAVE LIVES, 10 00:00:27,561 --> 00:00:31,231 CALLED RESOLVED TO SAVE LIVES, WHICH IS A PUBLIC HEALTH, GLOBAL 11 00:00:31,231 --> 00:00:34,501 WHICH IS A PUBLIC HEALTH, GLOBAL HEALTH ORGANIZATION THAT WE WORK 12 00:00:34,501 --> 00:00:35,035 HEALTH ORGANIZATION THAT WE WORK THROUGH THE 13 00:00:35,035 --> 00:00:35,635 THROUGH THE CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE AS 14 00:00:35,635 --> 00:00:36,103 CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE AS WELL. 15 00:00:36,103 --> 00:00:36,936 WELL. WHILE A NUMBER OF PEOPLE ARE 16 00:00:36,936 --> 00:00:39,205 WHILE A NUMBER OF PEOPLE ARE JOINING US ON THE LIVE STREAM, I 17 00:00:39,205 --> 00:00:43,176 JOINING US ON THE LIVE STREAM, I THOUGHT IT MIGHT MAKE SENSE 18 00:00:43,176 --> 00:00:44,478 THOUGHT IT MIGHT MAKE SENSE JUST, BEFORE WE GET INTO THE 19 00:00:44,478 --> 00:00:46,480 JUST, BEFORE WE GET INTO THE MAIN PROGRAM, I KNOW THAT YOU’RE 20 00:00:46,480 --> 00:00:47,982 MAIN PROGRAM, I KNOW THAT YOU’RE A NEW YORKER IN ADDITION TO 21 00:00:47,982 --> 00:00:50,950 A NEW YORKER IN ADDITION TO RUNNING THE CDC FOR A LONG TIME, 22 00:00:50,950 --> 00:00:51,818 RUNNING THE CDC FOR A LONG TIME, YOU ALSO WORKED WITH MIKE 23 00:00:51,818 --> 00:00:56,590 YOU ALSO WORKED WITH MIKE BLOOMBERG WHEN HE WAS MAYOR AND 24 00:00:56,590 --> 00:00:58,525 BLOOMBERG WHEN HE WAS MAYOR AND RAN A LOT OF THE HEALTH 25 00:00:58,525 --> 00:00:59,960 RAN A LOT OF THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT THERE, I KNOW 26 00:00:59,960 --> 00:01:02,262 DEPARTMENT THERE, I KNOW NEW YORK IS UNFORTUNATELY ONE OF 27 00:01:02,262 --> 00:01:04,097 NEW YORK IS UNFORTUNATELY ONE OF THE HOT SPOTS RIGHT NOW FOR 28 00:01:04,097 --> 00:01:07,267 THE HOT SPOTS RIGHT NOW FOR THIS, AND IT’S A REALLY TOUGH 29 00:01:07,267 --> 00:01:08,902 THIS, AND IT’S A REALLY TOUGH PERIOD, CAN YOU TELL US A LITTLE 30 00:01:08,902 --> 00:01:10,103 PERIOD, CAN YOU TELL US A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT IT’S LIKE IN 31 00:01:10,103 --> 00:01:10,703 BIT ABOUT WHAT IT’S LIKE IN NEW YORK RIGHT NOW AND WHAT IS 32 00:01:10,703 --> 00:01:14,908 NEW YORK RIGHT NOW AND WHAT IS GIVING YOU HOPE FOR THE FUTURE 33 00:01:14,908 --> 00:01:15,109 GIVING YOU HOPE FOR THE FUTURE HERE. 34 00:01:15,109 --> 00:01:17,311 HERE. >> I WAS BORN IN NEW YORK CITY. 35 00:01:17,311 --> 00:01:18,579 >> I WAS BORN IN NEW YORK CITY. I DID MY MEDICAL TRAINING AND 36 00:01:18,579 --> 00:01:19,279 I DID MY MEDICAL TRAINING AND RESIDENCY HERE. 37 00:01:19,279 --> 00:01:21,115 RESIDENCY HERE. I WAS AT THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT 38 00:01:21,115 --> 00:01:23,084 I WAS AT THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT FOR ABOUT 20 YEARS AS 39 00:01:23,084 --> 00:01:26,386 FOR ABOUT 20 YEARS AS COMMISSIONER, ULTIMATELY. 40 00:01:26,386 --> 00:01:27,821 COMMISSIONER, ULTIMATELY. AND IT’S REALLY HEARTBREAKING, 41 00:01:27,821 --> 00:01:31,391 AND IT’S REALLY HEARTBREAKING, ALTHOUGH THE STREETS ARE EMPTY 42 00:01:31,391 --> 00:01:33,960 ALTHOUGH THE STREETS ARE EMPTY OF TRAFFIC, WE HEAR SIRENS DAY 43 00:01:33,960 --> 00:01:36,696 OF TRAFFIC, WE HEAR SIRENS DAY AND NIGHT. 44 00:01:36,696 --> 00:01:39,399 AND NIGHT. AND THE NUMBER OF RECORDED 45 00:01:39,399 --> 00:01:41,802 AND THE NUMBER OF RECORDED DEATHS IS APPROACHING 7,000 WITH 46 00:01:41,802 --> 00:01:43,437 DEATHS IS APPROACHING 7,000 WITH 400 OR SO OR MORE PER DAY. 47 00:01:43,437 --> 00:01:45,839 400 OR SO OR MORE PER DAY. ON AN AVERAGE DAY IN 48 00:01:45,839 --> 00:01:46,739 ON AN AVERAGE DAY IN NEW YORK CITY, BEFORE 49 00:01:46,739 --> 00:01:48,909 NEW YORK CITY, BEFORE CORONAVIRUS, IT WOULD BE ABOUT 50 00:01:48,909 --> 00:01:49,910 CORONAVIRUS, IT WOULD BE ABOUT 150 DEATHS. 51 00:01:49,910 --> 00:01:52,512 150 DEATHS. SO THERE ARE TWICE AS MANY 52 00:01:52,512 --> 00:01:53,080 SO THERE ARE TWICE AS MANY DEATHS JUST FROM CORONAVIRUS 53 00:01:53,080 --> 00:01:55,014 DEATHS JUST FROM CORONAVIRUS EACH DAY AS THERE ARE ON A 54 00:01:55,014 --> 00:01:56,683 EACH DAY AS THERE ARE ON A NORMAL DAY. 55 00:01:56,683 --> 00:01:59,052 NORMAL DAY. SO, IT’S HEARTBREAKING, REALLY. 56 00:01:59,052 --> 00:02:00,287 SO, IT’S HEARTBREAKING, REALLY. AND KNOW THAT HEALTH CARE 57 00:02:00,287 --> 00:02:03,223 AND KNOW THAT HEALTH CARE WORKERS REMAIN REALLY AT RISK. 58 00:02:03,223 --> 00:02:04,424 WORKERS REMAIN REALLY AT RISK. SEVERAL OF MY FRIENDS HAVE 59 00:02:04,424 --> 00:02:06,827 SEVERAL OF MY FRIENDS HAVE GOTTEN INFECTED GIVING CARE TO 60 00:02:06,827 --> 00:02:07,928 GOTTEN INFECTED GIVING CARE TO PATIENTS WITH CORONAVIRUS. 61 00:02:07,928 --> 00:02:09,363 PATIENTS WITH CORONAVIRUS. AND I THINK BACK TO THE DAYS 62 00:02:09,363 --> 00:02:10,865 AND I THINK BACK TO THE DAYS AFTER 9/11. 63 00:02:10,865 --> 00:02:11,866 AFTER 9/11. I BECAME HEALTH COMMISSIONER 64 00:02:11,866 --> 00:02:14,234 I BECAME HEALTH COMMISSIONER HERE IN THE AFTERMATH OF 9/11. 65 00:02:14,234 --> 00:02:17,971 HERE IN THE AFTERMATH OF 9/11. AND THE RUBBLE WAS STILL 66 00:02:17,971 --> 00:02:18,205 AND THE RUBBLE WAS STILL BURNING. 67 00:02:18,205 --> 00:02:21,642 BURNING. BUT NEW YORK CITY DID BUILD BACK 68 00:02:21,642 --> 00:02:22,409 BUT NEW YORK CITY DID BUILD BACK STRONGER AND I’M CONFIDENT THAT 69 00:02:22,409 --> 00:02:24,945 STRONGER AND I’M CONFIDENT THAT WE ARE A RESILIENT CITY, AND THE 70 00:02:24,945 --> 00:02:26,146 WE ARE A RESILIENT CITY, AND THE LOSSES ARE TRAGIC AND CAN’T BE 71 00:02:26,146 --> 00:02:27,448 LOSSES ARE TRAGIC AND CAN’T BE CHANGED, BUT IN SOME WAYS NOT 72 00:02:27,448 --> 00:02:29,417 CHANGED, BUT IN SOME WAYS NOT ONLY IN THE CITY BUT IN THE 73 00:02:29,417 --> 00:02:30,516 ONLY IN THE CITY BUT IN THE WORLD, WE WILL HAVE A BETTER 74 00:02:30,516 --> 00:02:31,918 WORLD, WE WILL HAVE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING THAT WE REALLY ARE 75 00:02:31,918 --> 00:02:32,252 UNDERSTANDING THAT WE REALLY ARE ALL CONNECTED. 76 00:02:32,252 --> 00:02:35,622 ALL CONNECTED. AND ALL OF OUR FATE DEPENDS ON 77 00:02:35,622 --> 00:02:36,390 AND ALL OF OUR FATE DEPENDS ON WHAT OTHER PEOPLE DO. 78 00:02:36,390 --> 00:02:38,325 WHAT OTHER PEOPLE DO. WE ARE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER 79 00:02:38,325 --> 00:02:40,727 WE ARE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER AGAINST THIS DANGEROUS MICROBE. 80 00:02:40,727 --> 00:02:45,700 AGAINST THIS DANGEROUS MICROBE. >> YEAH, SO, TOM, WE FIRST MET 81 00:02:45,700 --> 00:02:48,635 >> YEAH, SO, TOM, WE FIRST MET WHEN YOU WERE RUNNING THE CDC. 82 00:02:48,635 --> 00:02:53,240 WHEN YOU WERE RUNNING THE CDC. AND WERE BASICALLY FACING DOWN 83 00:02:53,240 --> 00:02:55,308 AND WERE BASICALLY FACING DOWN THE EBOLA CRISIS AT THE TIME. 84 00:02:55,308 --> 00:02:56,843 THE EBOLA CRISIS AT THE TIME. IT WAS LARGELY IN WEST AFRICA. 85 00:02:56,843 --> 00:02:59,012 IT WAS LARGELY IN WEST AFRICA. THERE WERE A COUPLE CASES 86 00:02:59,012 --> 00:03:00,847 THERE WERE A COUPLE CASES STARTING TO CROP UP IN THE 87 00:03:00,847 --> 00:03:03,850 STARTING TO CROP UP IN THE UNITED STATES AND A LARGE 88 00:03:03,850 --> 00:03:05,051 UNITED STATES AND A LARGE RESPONSE OF YOUR PART IN THE CDC 89 00:03:05,051 --> 00:03:06,786 RESPONSE OF YOUR PART IN THE CDC THEN WAS TO MAKE SURE WE COULD 90 00:03:06,786 --> 00:03:08,588 THEN WAS TO MAKE SURE WE COULD HELP THE COUNTRIES IN WEST 91 00:03:08,588 --> 00:03:10,056 HELP THE COUNTRIES IN WEST AFRICA STAND UP WHEN THEY 92 00:03:10,056 --> 00:03:11,024 AFRICA STAND UP WHEN THEY NEEDED. 93 00:03:11,024 --> 00:03:12,459 NEEDED. THAT WAS LARGELY A SUCCESSFUL 94 00:03:12,459 --> 00:03:12,726 THAT WAS LARGELY A SUCCESSFUL RESPONSE. 95 00:03:12,726 --> 00:03:14,428 RESPONSE. SO I’M CURIOUS FROM YOUR 96 00:03:14,428 --> 00:03:15,629 SO I’M CURIOUS FROM YOUR PERSPECTIVE, HAVING DONE THAT, 97 00:03:15,629 --> 00:03:19,500 PERSPECTIVE, HAVING DONE THAT, WHAT WORKED WELL THERE, AND WHAT 98 00:03:19,500 --> 00:03:24,871 WHAT WORKED WELL THERE, AND WHAT ARE THE BASIC LESSONS FROM THAT 99 00:03:24,871 --> 00:03:28,841 ARE THE BASIC LESSONS FROM THAT THAT ARE APPLICABLE TODAY? 100 00:03:28,841 --> 00:03:29,543 THAT ARE APPLICABLE TODAY? SPEAK I REMEMBER YOU CALLED 101 00:03:29,543 --> 00:03:31,812 SPEAK I REMEMBER YOU CALLED EARLY AND SAID, WHAT CAN WE DO 102 00:03:31,812 --> 00:03:34,281 EARLY AND SAID, WHAT CAN WE DO TO HELP AND YOU MADE IT 103 00:03:34,281 --> 00:03:36,150 TO HELP AND YOU MADE IT GENEROUS CONTRIBUTION TO THE CDC 104 00:03:36,150 --> 00:03:38,218 GENEROUS CONTRIBUTION TO THE CDC THROUGH THE CDC FOUNDATION. 105 00:03:38,218 --> 00:03:39,886 THROUGH THE CDC FOUNDATION. WE WERE ABLE TO USE THAT MONEY 106 00:03:39,886 --> 00:03:40,520 WE WERE ABLE TO USE THAT MONEY VERY QUICKLY TO RESPOND, AND I 107 00:03:40,520 --> 00:03:44,257 VERY QUICKLY TO RESPOND, AND I THINK THE FIRST LESSON ABOUT 108 00:03:44,257 --> 00:03:46,460 THINK THE FIRST LESSON ABOUT EBOLA THAT IS SO RELEVANT HERE 109 00:03:46,460 --> 00:03:48,428 EBOLA THAT IS SO RELEVANT HERE IS THE NEED TO MOVE FAST, REALLY 110 00:03:48,428 --> 00:03:49,196 IS THE NEED TO MOVE FAST, REALLY FAST. 111 00:03:49,196 --> 00:03:50,830 FAST. IN PARTS OF THE WORLD, THIS 112 00:03:50,830 --> 00:03:52,432 IN PARTS OF THE WORLD, THIS VIRUS IS DOUBLING EVERY TWO 113 00:03:52,432 --> 00:03:52,632 VIRUS IS DOUBLING EVERY TWO DAYS. 114 00:03:52,632 --> 00:03:55,068 DAYS. THAT MEANS YOU REALLY HAVE HOURS 115 00:03:55,068 --> 00:03:56,269 THAT MEANS YOU REALLY HAVE HOURS TO REACT. 116 00:03:56,269 --> 00:03:57,571 TO REACT. AND EBOLA, WHAT WE FOUND IN WEST 117 00:03:57,571 --> 00:03:59,105 AND EBOLA, WHAT WE FOUND IN WEST AFRICA IS IF WE CAN GET THEM 118 00:03:59,105 --> 00:04:03,244 AFRICA IS IF WE CAN GET THEM WITHIN A DAY OR TWO, WE COULD 119 00:04:03,244 --> 00:04:04,244 WITHIN A DAY OR TWO, WE COULD PREVENT CHAIN OF TRANSMISSION 120 00:04:04,244 --> 00:04:05,246 PREVENT CHAIN OF TRANSMISSION FROM GOING ON FOR MONTHS. 121 00:04:05,246 --> 00:04:07,748 FROM GOING ON FOR MONTHS. BUT IF IT WERE A WEEK OR TWO 122 00:04:07,748 --> 00:04:09,683 BUT IF IT WERE A WEEK OR TWO LATER, IT WAS HUNDREDS OF 123 00:04:09,683 --> 00:04:11,519 LATER, IT WAS HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF CASES LATER IN 124 00:04:11,519 --> 00:04:12,219 THOUSANDS OF CASES LATER IN MONTHS TO STOP IT. 125 00:04:12,219 --> 00:04:13,553 MONTHS TO STOP IT. SO YOU WANT TO FIND THAT CHAIN 126 00:04:13,553 --> 00:04:15,723 SO YOU WANT TO FIND THAT CHAIN OF TRANSMISSION WHEN IT FIRST 127 00:04:15,723 --> 00:04:18,225 OF TRANSMISSION WHEN IT FIRST STARTS AND STOP IT THROUGH 128 00:04:18,225 --> 00:04:19,192 STARTS AND STOP IT THROUGH ACTUALLY CONTACT, WHICH IS TRIED 129 00:04:19,192 --> 00:04:21,595 ACTUALLY CONTACT, WHICH IS TRIED AND TRUE PUBLIC HEALTH METHOD. 130 00:04:21,595 --> 00:04:25,098 AND TRUE PUBLIC HEALTH METHOD. THE OTHER TWO MAIN LESSONS FROM 131 00:04:25,098 --> 00:04:25,866 THE OTHER TWO MAIN LESSONS FROM EBOLA WHERE THE IMPORTANCE OF 132 00:04:25,866 --> 00:04:27,835 EBOLA WHERE THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING AND WORKING WITH 133 00:04:27,835 --> 00:04:30,437 UNDERSTANDING AND WORKING WITH COMMUNITIES. 134 00:04:30,437 --> 00:04:32,105 COMMUNITIES. WHEN THERE WERE INTERVENTIONS 135 00:04:32,105 --> 00:04:32,973 WHEN THERE WERE INTERVENTIONS THAT COMMUNITIES DIDN’T 136 00:04:32,973 --> 00:04:36,443 THAT COMMUNITIES DIDN’T UNDERSTAND, DIDN’T AGREE WITH, 137 00:04:36,443 --> 00:04:37,011 UNDERSTAND, DIDN’T AGREE WITH, IT DIDN’T WORK. 138 00:04:37,011 --> 00:04:39,313 IT DIDN’T WORK. AND RELATED TO THAT WAS THE 139 00:04:39,313 --> 00:04:40,480 AND RELATED TO THAT WAS THE IMPORTANCE OF WORKING WITH 140 00:04:40,480 --> 00:04:40,814 IMPORTANCE OF WORKING WITH CULTURE. 141 00:04:40,814 --> 00:04:43,449 CULTURE. FOR EXAMPLE, IN WEST AFRICA 142 00:04:43,449 --> 00:04:44,551 FOR EXAMPLE, IN WEST AFRICA THERE WERE DANGEROUS TRADITIONAL 143 00:04:44,551 --> 00:04:45,619 THERE WERE DANGEROUS TRADITIONAL BURIAL PRACTICES, AND WE HAD TO 144 00:04:45,619 --> 00:04:48,255 BURIAL PRACTICES, AND WE HAD TO WORK WITH COMMUNITIES TO HELP 145 00:04:48,255 --> 00:04:50,656 WORK WITH COMMUNITIES TO HELP UNDERSTAND AND FIGURE OUT HOW 146 00:04:50,656 --> 00:04:51,258 UNDERSTAND AND FIGURE OUT HOW YOU COULD SAFELY BURY SOMEONE 147 00:04:51,258 --> 00:04:55,194 YOU COULD SAFELY BURY SOMEONE WHO HAD DIED WITHOUT RISKING A 148 00:04:55,194 --> 00:04:56,096 WHO HAD DIED WITHOUT RISKING A RELATIVE BECOMING SICK. 149 00:04:56,096 --> 00:04:57,264 RELATIVE BECOMING SICK. THAT IS OBVIOUSLY VERY DIFFERENT 150 00:04:57,264 --> 00:05:00,166 THAT IS OBVIOUSLY VERY DIFFERENT WITH CORONAVIRUS, BUT STILL, 151 00:05:00,166 --> 00:05:01,467 WITH CORONAVIRUS, BUT STILL, WHETHER IT’S USING 152 00:05:01,467 --> 00:05:02,435 WHETHER IT’S USING VIDEOCONFERENCING MARK, OR 153 00:05:02,435 --> 00:05:03,337 VIDEOCONFERENCING MARK, OR FIGURING OUT WAYS THAT PEOPLE 154 00:05:03,337 --> 00:05:07,473 FIGURING OUT WAYS THAT PEOPLE CAN HAVE NEW WAYS OF CONNECTING 155 00:05:07,473 --> 00:05:09,276 CAN HAVE NEW WAYS OF CONNECTING PHYSICALLY TOGETHER IN THIS ERA 156 00:05:09,276 --> 00:05:10,643 PHYSICALLY TOGETHER IN THIS ERA OF PHYSICAL DISTANCE AND, THERE 157 00:05:10,643 --> 00:05:13,647 OF PHYSICAL DISTANCE AND, THERE ARE SOME LESSONS TO BE LEARNED, 158 00:05:13,647 --> 00:05:14,849 ARE SOME LESSONS TO BE LEARNED, BUT EVERY EPIDEMIC IS DIFFERENT 159 00:05:14,849 --> 00:05:16,483 BUT EVERY EPIDEMIC IS DIFFERENT AND EVERY COMMUNITY HAS ITS OWN 160 00:05:16,483 --> 00:05:18,084 AND EVERY COMMUNITY HAS ITS OWN STRENGTHS IT CAN USE TO HELP 161 00:05:18,084 --> 00:05:21,021 STRENGTHS IT CAN USE TO HELP FIGHT THAT EPIDEMIC. 162 00:05:21,021 --> 00:05:23,423 FIGHT THAT EPIDEMIC. >> YEAH, SO, I THINK WE SHOULD 163 00:05:23,423 --> 00:05:25,059 >> YEAH, SO, I THINK WE SHOULD SPEND MOST OF THE TIME TODAY 164 00:05:25,059 --> 00:05:26,926 SPEND MOST OF THE TIME TODAY FIGURING OUT YOUR THOUGHTS ON 165 00:05:26,926 --> 00:05:28,661 FIGURING OUT YOUR THOUGHTS ON HOW WE CAN SAFELY REOPEN 166 00:05:28,661 --> 00:05:29,630 HOW WE CAN SAFELY REOPEN SOCIETY. 167 00:05:29,630 --> 00:05:30,397 SOCIETY. OBVIOUSLY, HAVING RUN THE CDC, 168 00:05:30,397 --> 00:05:33,232 OBVIOUSLY, HAVING RUN THE CDC, THAT IS A THING YOU HAVE A HUGE 169 00:05:33,232 --> 00:05:34,000 THAT IS A THING YOU HAVE A HUGE AMOUNT OF PERSPECTIVE ON. 170 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:36,236 AMOUNT OF PERSPECTIVE ON. AND YOU WROTE A GREAT OP-ED IN 171 00:05:36,236 --> 00:05:36,837 AND YOU WROTE A GREAT OP-ED IN "THE NEW YORK TIMES" THAT I 172 00:05:36,837 --> 00:05:39,005 "THE NEW YORK TIMES" THAT I ENCOURAGE EVERYONE WHO IS 173 00:05:39,005 --> 00:05:39,739 ENCOURAGE EVERYONE WHO IS WATCHING THIS TO GO CHECK OUT 174 00:05:39,739 --> 00:05:41,876 WATCHING THIS TO GO CHECK OUT PEER BUT BEFORE WE GO TO THAT, 175 00:05:41,876 --> 00:05:43,677 PEER BUT BEFORE WE GO TO THAT, MAYBE JUST A FEW QUESTIONS ON 176 00:05:43,677 --> 00:05:45,545 MAYBE JUST A FEW QUESTIONS ON WHAT WE ARE CURRENTLY SEEING AND 177 00:05:45,545 --> 00:05:47,981 WHAT WE ARE CURRENTLY SEEING AND WHAT YOU EXPECT FOR THE NEXT FEW 178 00:05:47,981 --> 00:05:48,615 WHAT YOU EXPECT FOR THE NEXT FEW MONTHS. 179 00:05:48,615 --> 00:05:51,250 MONTHS. >> ONE THAT IS ON A LOT OF 180 00:05:51,250 --> 00:05:54,421 >> ONE THAT IS ON A LOT OF PEOPLE’S MINDS IS, LIKE, WHAT 181 00:05:54,421 --> 00:05:56,623 PEOPLE’S MINDS IS, LIKE, WHAT WILL LIFE AFTER THIS LOOK LIKE? 182 00:05:56,623 --> 00:05:57,591 WILL LIFE AFTER THIS LOOK LIKE? WE’VE ALL BEEN HOME AND DOING 183 00:05:57,591 --> 00:05:59,025 WE’VE ALL BEEN HOME AND DOING OUR PART IN STAYING HOME SO THAT 184 00:05:59,025 --> 00:05:59,960 OUR PART IN STAYING HOME SO THAT WE CAN KEEP OURSELVES AND THE 185 00:05:59,960 --> 00:06:04,298 WE CAN KEEP OURSELVES AND THE PEOPLE AROUND US HEALTHY, BUT 186 00:06:04,298 --> 00:06:06,666 PEOPLE AROUND US HEALTHY, BUT WHEN DO YOU THINK IT WILL BE 187 00:06:06,666 --> 00:06:10,036 WHEN DO YOU THINK IT WILL BE SAFE FOR US TO GO BACK TO LIFE 188 00:06:10,036 --> 00:06:11,237 SAFE FOR US TO GO BACK TO LIFE OUTSIDE OF OUR HOMES? 189 00:06:11,237 --> 00:06:13,407 OUTSIDE OF OUR HOMES? >> AND OBVIOUSLY IT’S IMPOSSIBLE 190 00:06:13,407 --> 00:06:15,075 >> AND OBVIOUSLY IT’S IMPOSSIBLE TO PREDICT EXACTLY, AND IT WILL 191 00:06:15,075 --> 00:06:16,109 TO PREDICT EXACTLY, AND IT WILL DEPEND ON THE RESPONSES AND ALL 192 00:06:16,109 --> 00:06:16,610 DEPEND ON THE RESPONSES AND ALL THAT. 193 00:06:16,610 --> 00:06:18,244 THAT. BUT IF YOU HAD TO GIVE AN 194 00:06:18,244 --> 00:06:19,746 BUT IF YOU HAD TO GIVE AN ESTIMATE TODAY ON WHEN YOU THINK 195 00:06:19,746 --> 00:06:21,115 ESTIMATE TODAY ON WHEN YOU THINK STUFF WILL START OPENING BACK UP 196 00:06:21,115 --> 00:06:21,314 STUFF WILL START OPENING BACK UP AGAIN. 197 00:06:21,314 --> 00:06:23,049 AGAIN. BEFORE WE GET TO HOW TO DO THAT 198 00:06:23,049 --> 00:06:25,452 BEFORE WE GET TO HOW TO DO THAT SAFELY, HOW ARE YOU THINKING 199 00:06:25,452 --> 00:06:26,419 SAFELY, HOW ARE YOU THINKING ABOUT THAT? 200 00:06:26,419 --> 00:06:28,721 ABOUT THAT? >> I THINK REALLY THE KEY 201 00:06:28,721 --> 00:06:30,324 >> I THINK REALLY THE KEY QUESTION ISN’T ABOUT THE DATE, 202 00:06:30,324 --> 00:06:31,892 QUESTION ISN’T ABOUT THE DATE, IT’S ABOUT THE DATA. 203 00:06:31,892 --> 00:06:32,492 IT’S ABOUT THE DATA. AND IF YOU THINK ABOUT WHAT WE 204 00:06:32,492 --> 00:06:35,729 AND IF YOU THINK ABOUT WHAT WE ARE DOING NOW, WE HAVE BEAT A 205 00:06:35,729 --> 00:06:36,762 ARE DOING NOW, WE HAVE BEAT A STRATEGIC RETREAT. 206 00:06:36,762 --> 00:06:38,231 STRATEGIC RETREAT. WE ARE HUNKERED DOWN, SHELTERING 207 00:06:38,231 --> 00:06:39,667 WE ARE HUNKERED DOWN, SHELTERING IN PLACE, WAITING FOR THIS WAVE 208 00:06:39,667 --> 00:06:42,268 IN PLACE, WAITING FOR THIS WAVE OF INFECTIONS TO QUIET DOWN. 209 00:06:42,268 --> 00:06:44,571 OF INFECTIONS TO QUIET DOWN. BUT WHEN WE COME BACK OUT AGAIN, 210 00:06:44,571 --> 00:06:45,139 BUT WHEN WE COME BACK OUT AGAIN, THE VIRUS WILL STILL BE OUT 211 00:06:45,139 --> 00:06:48,808 THE VIRUS WILL STILL BE OUT THERE AND STILL BE SPREADING. 212 00:06:48,808 --> 00:06:50,043 THERE AND STILL BE SPREADING. SO WE WILL HAVE TO DO IT IN A 213 00:06:50,043 --> 00:06:51,412 SO WE WILL HAVE TO DO IT IN A WAY THAT IS VERY, VERY CAREFUL. 214 00:06:51,412 --> 00:06:52,879 WAY THAT IS VERY, VERY CAREFUL. THE WAY I LOOK AT IT IS WE HAVE 215 00:06:52,879 --> 00:06:55,047 THE WAY I LOOK AT IT IS WE HAVE TO LOOK AT THREE THINGS. 216 00:06:55,047 --> 00:06:56,883 TO LOOK AT THREE THINGS. ONE OF THEM IS, HOW MUCH IS THE 217 00:06:56,883 --> 00:06:58,084 ONE OF THEM IS, HOW MUCH IS THE VIRUS SPREADING? 218 00:06:58,084 --> 00:06:59,786 VIRUS SPREADING? IF IT SPREADING WIDELY, WE CAN’T 219 00:06:59,786 --> 00:07:02,656 IF IT SPREADING WIDELY, WE CAN’T COME OUT SAFELY. 220 00:07:02,656 --> 00:07:04,324 COME OUT SAFELY. SECOND IS, HOW PREPARED IS OUR 221 00:07:04,324 --> 00:07:05,191 SECOND IS, HOW PREPARED IS OUR HEALTH CARE SYSTEM? 222 00:07:05,191 --> 00:07:06,392 HEALTH CARE SYSTEM? ARE WE ABLE TO PROTECT 223 00:07:06,392 --> 00:07:08,028 ARE WE ABLE TO PROTECT HEALTH CARE WORKERS SO THEY 224 00:07:08,028 --> 00:07:08,962 HEALTH CARE WORKERS SO THEY DON’T GET INFECTED, AND TREAT 225 00:07:08,962 --> 00:07:11,432 DON’T GET INFECTED, AND TREAT PATIENTS WELL SO THEY CAN 226 00:07:11,432 --> 00:07:13,266 PATIENTS WELL SO THEY CAN SURVIVE WHEREVER POSSIBLE, TO 227 00:07:13,266 --> 00:07:14,268 SURVIVE WHEREVER POSSIBLE, TO THE GREATEST SURVIVAL RATE 228 00:07:14,268 --> 00:07:14,868 THE GREATEST SURVIVAL RATE POSSIBLE? 229 00:07:14,868 --> 00:07:17,471 POSSIBLE? AND PERHAPS MOST CRITICALLY, HOW 230 00:07:17,471 --> 00:07:19,372 AND PERHAPS MOST CRITICALLY, HOW READY ARE WE TO FIND AND STOP 231 00:07:19,372 --> 00:07:21,508 READY ARE WE TO FIND AND STOP THE SPREAD OF THE CASES AND 232 00:07:21,508 --> 00:07:24,411 THE SPREAD OF THE CASES AND CLUSTERS THAT WILL INEVITABLY 233 00:07:24,411 --> 00:07:25,011 CLUSTERS THAT WILL INEVITABLY ARISE? 234 00:07:25,011 --> 00:07:27,681 ARISE? THAT IS WHY I FOCUS ON THIS 235 00:07:27,681 --> 00:07:31,083 THAT IS WHY I FOCUS ON THIS CONCEPT OF TEST, ISOLATE, TRACE, 236 00:07:31,083 --> 00:07:31,452 CONCEPT OF TEST, ISOLATE, TRACE, AND QUARANTINE. 237 00:07:31,452 --> 00:07:33,053 AND QUARANTINE. THESE FOUR CORNERS OF A BOX, 238 00:07:33,053 --> 00:07:34,787 THESE FOUR CORNERS OF A BOX, BECAUSE IF WE DO THOSE FOUR 239 00:07:34,787 --> 00:07:35,889 BECAUSE IF WE DO THOSE FOUR THINGS WELL, WE CAN COME OUT AS 240 00:07:35,889 --> 00:07:38,725 THINGS WELL, WE CAN COME OUT AS SOON AND AS SAFELY AS POSSIBLE. 241 00:07:38,725 --> 00:07:41,127 SOON AND AS SAFELY AS POSSIBLE. BUT TO PRISCILLA’S FIRST 242 00:07:41,127 --> 00:07:42,662 BUT TO PRISCILLA’S FIRST QUESTION, IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT 243 00:07:42,662 --> 00:07:43,430 QUESTION, IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT WHEN, IT’S ABOUT HOW. 244 00:07:43,430 --> 00:07:44,898 WHEN, IT’S ABOUT HOW. AND SOME THINGS ARE GOING TO BE 245 00:07:44,898 --> 00:07:46,366 AND SOME THINGS ARE GOING TO BE DIFFERENT UNTIL WE HAVE A 246 00:07:46,366 --> 00:07:48,268 DIFFERENT UNTIL WE HAVE A VACCINE, WHICH COULD BE ONE OR 247 00:07:48,268 --> 00:07:50,403 VACCINE, WHICH COULD BE ONE OR TWO YEARS, OR EVEN LONGER. 248 00:07:50,403 --> 00:07:53,173 TWO YEARS, OR EVEN LONGER. AND THAT INCLUDES, I THINK, NOT 249 00:07:53,173 --> 00:07:54,441 AND THAT INCLUDES, I THINK, NOT SHAKING HANDS. 250 00:07:54,441 --> 00:08:00,346 SHAKING HANDS. THAT INCLUDES MUCH BETTER 251 00:08:00,346 --> 00:08:00,981 THAT INCLUDES MUCH BETTER HAND-WASHING, PROBABLY MANDATORY 252 00:08:00,981 --> 00:08:03,984 HAND-WASHING, PROBABLY MANDATORY HAND SANITIZERS AT THE ENTRANCE 253 00:08:03,984 --> 00:08:04,383 HAND SANITIZERS AT THE ENTRANCE OF ALL BUILDINGS. 254 00:08:04,383 --> 00:08:06,886 OF ALL BUILDINGS. GETTING TO WHERE WE WILL HAVE 255 00:08:06,886 --> 00:08:07,521 GETTING TO WHERE WE WILL HAVE TOUCH-FREE ELEVATOR BUTTONS AND 256 00:08:07,521 --> 00:08:09,088 TOUCH-FREE ELEVATOR BUTTONS AND DOORS AND DOOR KNOBS. 257 00:08:09,088 --> 00:08:10,190 DOORS AND DOOR KNOBS. THESE ARE CHANGES THAT WE ARE 258 00:08:10,190 --> 00:08:13,994 THESE ARE CHANGES THAT WE ARE GOING TO NEED TO MAKE BECAUSE 259 00:08:13,994 --> 00:08:15,829 GOING TO NEED TO MAKE BECAUSE UNFORTUNATELY, COVID SPREADS 260 00:08:15,829 --> 00:08:16,596 UNFORTUNATELY, COVID SPREADS LIKE A SUPER SARS. 261 00:08:16,596 --> 00:08:20,200 LIKE A SUPER SARS. IT SPREADS ALL THE WAY SARS 262 00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:21,167 IT SPREADS ALL THE WAY SARS SPREAD AND MORE. 263 00:08:21,167 --> 00:08:22,969 SPREAD AND MORE. >> AND SO, THERE’S BEEN A LOT OF 264 00:08:22,969 --> 00:08:24,771 >> AND SO, THERE’S BEEN A LOT OF QUESTIONS ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT 265 00:08:24,771 --> 00:08:25,605 QUESTIONS ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT THERE’S GOING TO BE NEW WAVES. 266 00:08:25,605 --> 00:08:28,608 THERE’S GOING TO BE NEW WAVES. AND YOU ALREADY REFERENCED THAT 267 00:08:28,608 --> 00:08:29,375 AND YOU ALREADY REFERENCED THAT THERE MIGHT BE FUTURE WAVES. 268 00:08:29,375 --> 00:08:30,710 THERE MIGHT BE FUTURE WAVES. TELL US A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW 269 00:08:30,710 --> 00:08:35,282 TELL US A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW THAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAPPEN. 270 00:08:35,282 --> 00:08:37,217 THAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAPPEN. >> ONE THING THAT LOOKS HIGHLY 271 00:08:37,217 --> 00:08:38,452 >> ONE THING THAT LOOKS HIGHLY LIKELY IS THAT MOST POPLE 272 00:08:38,452 --> 00:08:40,087 LIKELY IS THAT MOST POPLE HAVEN’T BEEN EXPOSED TO IT. 273 00:08:40,087 --> 00:08:42,489 HAVEN’T BEEN EXPOSED TO IT. EVEN AS A PLACE AS TERRIBLY 274 00:08:42,489 --> 00:08:44,024 EVEN AS A PLACE AS TERRIBLY HARD-HIT AS NEW YORK CITY, THE 275 00:08:44,024 --> 00:08:45,559 HARD-HIT AS NEW YORK CITY, THE GREAT MAJORITY OF PEOPLE DON’T 276 00:08:45,559 --> 00:08:46,626 GREAT MAJORITY OF PEOPLE DON’T HAVE THE INFECTION AND THERE IS 277 00:08:46,626 --> 00:08:48,995 HAVE THE INFECTION AND THERE IS NO IMMUNITY. 278 00:08:48,995 --> 00:08:50,697 NO IMMUNITY. SO, IF PEOPLE GO OUT AGAIN IN 279 00:08:50,697 --> 00:08:52,299 SO, IF PEOPLE GO OUT AGAIN IN THE VIRUS BEGINS AT SPREADING, 280 00:08:52,299 --> 00:08:53,633 THE VIRUS BEGINS AT SPREADING, WE WILL SEE THE SAME KIND OF 281 00:08:53,633 --> 00:08:54,300 WE WILL SEE THE SAME KIND OF SPREAD. 282 00:08:54,300 --> 00:08:56,036 SPREAD. NOW, THERE ARE A LOT OF 283 00:08:56,036 --> 00:08:56,402 NOW, THERE ARE A LOT OF UNKNOWNS. 284 00:08:56,402 --> 00:08:57,904 UNKNOWNS. WE DON’T KNOW IF IT WILL BEHAVE 285 00:08:57,904 --> 00:08:59,039 WE DON’T KNOW IF IT WILL BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY IN DIFFERENT 286 00:08:59,039 --> 00:08:59,273 DIFFERENTLY IN DIFFERENT WEATHER. 287 00:08:59,273 --> 00:09:00,607 WEATHER. WE DON’T KNOW IF THE VIRUS WILL 288 00:09:00,607 --> 00:09:03,777 WE DON’T KNOW IF THE VIRUS WILL MUTATE TO BE MORE OR LESS 289 00:09:03,777 --> 00:09:04,444 MUTATE TO BE MORE OR LESS INFECTIOUS OR MORE OR LESS 290 00:09:04,444 --> 00:09:05,211 INFECTIOUS OR MORE OR LESS DEADLY. 291 00:09:05,211 --> 00:09:05,846 DEADLY. BUT FROM EVERYTHING WE’VE SEEN 292 00:09:05,846 --> 00:09:10,216 BUT FROM EVERYTHING WE’VE SEEN SO FAR, WHENEVER THE VIRUS IS 293 00:09:10,216 --> 00:09:11,017 SO FAR, WHENEVER THE VIRUS IS REINTRODUCED, PEOPLE RESUME 294 00:09:11,017 --> 00:09:13,820 REINTRODUCED, PEOPLE RESUME SOCIAL ACTIVITY, THERE IS 295 00:09:13,820 --> 00:09:15,488 SOCIAL ACTIVITY, THERE IS SPREAD, AND THAT’S WHY IT’S 296 00:09:15,488 --> 00:09:16,889 SPREAD, AND THAT’S WHY IT’S IMPORTANT WE SHIELD THOSE WHO 297 00:09:16,889 --> 00:09:17,858 IMPORTANT WE SHIELD THOSE WHO ARE MOST VULNERABLE. 298 00:09:17,858 --> 00:09:19,191 ARE MOST VULNERABLE. THAT’S THE ELDERLY AND PEOPLE 299 00:09:19,191 --> 00:09:21,160 THAT’S THE ELDERLY AND PEOPLE WITH UNDERLYING HEALTH 300 00:09:21,160 --> 00:09:23,997 WITH UNDERLYING HEALTH CONDITIONS. 301 00:09:23,997 --> 00:09:25,566 CONDITIONS. >> YOUTH -- IN THE DIFFERENT 302 00:09:25,566 --> 00:09:28,701 >> YOUTH -- IN THE DIFFERENT ROLES THAT YOU’VE HAD, YOU’VE 303 00:09:28,701 --> 00:09:29,803 ROLES THAT YOU’VE HAD, YOU’VE FOCUSED A LOT ON GLOBAL HEALTH. 304 00:09:29,803 --> 00:09:31,638 FOCUSED A LOT ON GLOBAL HEALTH. NOT JUST IN THE UNITED STATES. 305 00:09:31,638 --> 00:09:32,839 NOT JUST IN THE UNITED STATES. THERE ARE A LOT OF PLACES AROUND 306 00:09:32,839 --> 00:09:35,441 THERE ARE A LOT OF PLACES AROUND THE WORLD WHERE THERE HAVEN’T 307 00:09:35,441 --> 00:09:36,643 THE WORLD WHERE THERE HAVEN’T BEEN MASSIVE REPORTED OUTBREAKS 308 00:09:36,643 --> 00:09:37,578 BEEN MASSIVE REPORTED OUTBREAKS YET, INCLUDING INDIA AND A LOT 309 00:09:37,578 --> 00:09:38,845 YET, INCLUDING INDIA AND A LOT OF COUNTRIES IN AFRICA. 310 00:09:38,845 --> 00:09:42,682 OF COUNTRIES IN AFRICA. WHAT’S YOUR OUTLOOK ON HOW THOSE 311 00:09:42,682 --> 00:09:45,819 WHAT’S YOUR OUTLOOK ON HOW THOSE COUNTRIES AND PLACES ARE 312 00:09:45,819 --> 00:09:47,020 COUNTRIES AND PLACES ARE PREPARED, AND WHAT WE SHOULD 313 00:09:47,020 --> 00:09:49,221 PREPARED, AND WHAT WE SHOULD EXPECT IN THE MONTHS AHEAD IN 314 00:09:49,221 --> 00:09:51,391 EXPECT IN THE MONTHS AHEAD IN COUNTRIES THAT HAVEN’T HAD LARGE 315 00:09:51,391 --> 00:09:52,592 COUNTRIES THAT HAVEN’T HAD LARGE REPORTED OUTBREAKS YET? 316 00:09:52,592 --> 00:09:55,095 REPORTED OUTBREAKS YET? >> ONLY TIME WILL TELL WHAT WILL 317 00:09:55,095 --> 00:09:56,362 >> ONLY TIME WILL TELL WHAT WILL HAPPEN. 318 00:09:56,362 --> 00:09:57,697 HAPPEN. FOR ASIA AND AFRICA, THE AGE 319 00:09:57,697 --> 00:10:00,067 FOR ASIA AND AFRICA, THE AGE STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION IS 320 00:10:00,067 --> 00:10:01,668 STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION IS AN ADVANTAGE, BECAUSE WE KNOW 321 00:10:01,668 --> 00:10:02,968 AN ADVANTAGE, BECAUSE WE KNOW THAT YOUNGER PEOPLE DO MUCH 322 00:10:02,968 --> 00:10:05,038 THAT YOUNGER PEOPLE DO MUCH BETTER THAN OLDER PEOPLE. 323 00:10:05,038 --> 00:10:07,239 BETTER THAN OLDER PEOPLE. SO, WITHOUT A LARGE ELDER 324 00:10:07,239 --> 00:10:07,807 SO, WITHOUT A LARGE ELDER POPULATION, YOU MAY NOT SEE 325 00:10:07,807 --> 00:10:10,777 POPULATION, YOU MAY NOT SEE NEARLY AS HIGH A RATE OF SERIOUS 326 00:10:10,777 --> 00:10:12,679 NEARLY AS HIGH A RATE OF SERIOUS ILLNESS AND DEATH IN THESE 327 00:10:12,679 --> 00:10:15,849 ILLNESS AND DEATH IN THESE COMMUNITIES, BUT ON THE OTHER 328 00:10:15,849 --> 00:10:16,616 COMMUNITIES, BUT ON THE OTHER HAND, THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IS 329 00:10:16,616 --> 00:10:21,421 HAND, THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IS MUCH LESS READY TO ADDRESS THIS, 330 00:10:21,421 --> 00:10:23,056 MUCH LESS READY TO ADDRESS THIS, AND THE SOCIAL IMPACTS ARE 331 00:10:23,056 --> 00:10:23,590 AND THE SOCIAL IMPACTS ARE ENORMOUS. 332 00:10:23,590 --> 00:10:24,991 ENORMOUS. WHAT WE ARE SEEING IN THE WORK 333 00:10:24,991 --> 00:10:26,659 WHAT WE ARE SEEING IN THE WORK WE ARE DOING IN AFRICA IN 334 00:10:26,659 --> 00:10:28,828 WE ARE DOING IN AFRICA IN PARTICULAR IS THE BALANCE 335 00:10:28,828 --> 00:10:31,264 PARTICULAR IS THE BALANCE BETWEEN PHYSICAL DISTANCING 336 00:10:31,264 --> 00:10:34,534 BETWEEN PHYSICAL DISTANCING TO REDUCE SPREAD OF THE VIRUS, 337 00:10:34,534 --> 00:10:37,904 TO REDUCE SPREAD OF THE VIRUS, AND THE RISK OF SOCIAL, 338 00:10:37,904 --> 00:10:40,574 AND THE RISK OF SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND SECURITY PROBLEMS 339 00:10:40,574 --> 00:10:43,042 ECONOMIC, AND SECURITY PROBLEMS IN SOCIETY IS A VERY DELICATE 340 00:10:43,042 --> 00:10:43,377 IN SOCIETY IS A VERY DELICATE BALANCE. 341 00:10:43,377 --> 00:10:45,979 BALANCE. AND IF THE CHOICE, AS WE’VE BEEN 342 00:10:45,979 --> 00:10:48,081 AND IF THE CHOICE, AS WE’VE BEEN WORKING WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 343 00:10:48,081 --> 00:10:48,715 WORKING WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS TO DO SURVEYS THROUGHOUT AFRICA 344 00:10:48,715 --> 00:10:51,250 TO DO SURVEYS THROUGHOUT AFRICA TO ASK PEOPLE AND LEARN FROM THE 345 00:10:51,250 --> 00:10:52,719 TO ASK PEOPLE AND LEARN FROM THE COMMUNITY, AND SOME OF THE 346 00:10:52,719 --> 00:10:54,154 COMMUNITY, AND SOME OF THE ANSWERS ARE, YES, I CAN STAY 347 00:10:54,154 --> 00:10:55,821 ANSWERS ARE, YES, I CAN STAY HOME BUT I’M GOING TO STARVE. 348 00:10:55,821 --> 00:10:58,458 HOME BUT I’M GOING TO STARVE. AND WE HAVE TO DEAL WITH THAT 349 00:10:58,458 --> 00:11:00,093 AND WE HAVE TO DEAL WITH THAT REALITY TO SUPPORT COMMUNITIES, 350 00:11:00,093 --> 00:11:01,293 REALITY TO SUPPORT COMMUNITIES, ENGAGE COMMUNITIES, AND FIGURE 351 00:11:01,293 --> 00:11:03,262 ENGAGE COMMUNITIES, AND FIGURE OUT HOW TO BALANCE, MINIMIZING 352 00:11:03,262 --> 00:11:04,430 OUT HOW TO BALANCE, MINIMIZING THE PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACT, AND 353 00:11:04,430 --> 00:11:08,735 THE PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACT, AND ALSO MINIMIZING THE SOCIAL AND 354 00:11:08,735 --> 00:11:10,703 ALSO MINIMIZING THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC AND EVEN SECURITY 355 00:11:10,703 --> 00:11:10,904 ECONOMIC AND EVEN SECURITY RISKS. 356 00:11:10,904 --> 00:11:13,839 RISKS. >> OKAY. 357 00:11:13,839 --> 00:11:15,275 >> OKAY. SO, I WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT WE 358 00:11:15,275 --> 00:11:17,343 SO, I WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT WE SPEND MOST OF THE TIME TODAY 359 00:11:17,343 --> 00:11:20,614 SPEND MOST OF THE TIME TODAY TALKING ABOUT NOT JUST THE ACUTE 360 00:11:20,614 --> 00:11:22,315 TALKING ABOUT NOT JUST THE ACUTE RESPONSE UP FRONT, BUT HOW DO WE 361 00:11:22,315 --> 00:11:26,419 RESPONSE UP FRONT, BUT HOW DO WE SAFELY REOPEN SOCIETY TOO. 362 00:11:26,419 --> 00:11:27,620 SAFELY REOPEN SOCIETY TOO. SO, YOU RODE THIS OP-ED, I THINK 363 00:11:27,620 --> 00:11:28,255 SO, YOU RODE THIS OP-ED, I THINK IT WOULD BE WORTH GOING THROUGH 364 00:11:28,255 --> 00:11:30,723 IT WOULD BE WORTH GOING THROUGH FOR A FEW MINUTES. 365 00:11:30,723 --> 00:11:33,626 FOR A FEW MINUTES. ONE OF THE KEY HIGH-LEVEL POINTS 366 00:11:33,626 --> 00:11:35,261 ONE OF THE KEY HIGH-LEVEL POINTS THAT YOU MAKE SURE WE GET RIGHT 367 00:11:35,261 --> 00:11:39,265 THAT YOU MAKE SURE WE GET RIGHT THAT ARE PARTS OF THIS PLAN FOR 368 00:11:39,265 --> 00:11:39,666 THAT ARE PARTS OF THIS PLAN FOR REOPENING SOCIETY? 369 00:11:39,666 --> 00:11:44,437 REOPENING SOCIETY? >> WE ARE CALLING BOX IT IN, BOX 370 00:11:44,437 --> 00:11:45,205 >> WE ARE CALLING BOX IT IN, BOX AND COVID. 371 00:11:45,205 --> 00:11:46,873 AND COVID. TEST WIDELY, THE FOUR CORNERS OF 372 00:11:46,873 --> 00:11:50,443 TEST WIDELY, THE FOUR CORNERS OF THAT BOX ARE TESTING, ISOLATION, 373 00:11:50,443 --> 00:11:52,612 THAT BOX ARE TESTING, ISOLATION, CONTACT TRACING, AND QUARANTINE 374 00:11:52,612 --> 00:11:53,078 CONTACT TRACING, AND QUARANTINE OF CONTACTS. 375 00:11:53,078 --> 00:11:54,248 OF CONTACTS. JUST TO TAKE THEM EACH FOR A 376 00:11:54,248 --> 00:11:56,650 JUST TO TAKE THEM EACH FOR A MOMENT, TESTING HAS TO BE 377 00:11:56,650 --> 00:11:56,950 MOMENT, TESTING HAS TO BE WIDESPREAD. 378 00:11:56,950 --> 00:11:59,819 WIDESPREAD. IT HAS TO BE AVAILABLE FOR 379 00:11:59,819 --> 00:12:00,420 IT HAS TO BE AVAILABLE FOR REALLY ANYONE WITH PNEUMONIA, 380 00:12:00,420 --> 00:12:03,122 REALLY ANYONE WITH PNEUMONIA, ANY HEALTH CARE WORKER WHO HAS 381 00:12:03,122 --> 00:12:06,058 ANY HEALTH CARE WORKER WHO HAS COUGH OR FEVER OR MIGHT BE SICK. 382 00:12:06,058 --> 00:12:07,694 COUGH OR FEVER OR MIGHT BE SICK. ANYTIME THERE IS A CLUSTER OF 383 00:12:07,694 --> 00:12:09,429 ANYTIME THERE IS A CLUSTER OF CASES OR GROUP OF CASES, WHETHER 384 00:12:09,429 --> 00:12:11,096 CASES OR GROUP OF CASES, WHETHER IT’S IN A NURSING HOME, OR 385 00:12:11,096 --> 00:12:12,565 IT’S IN A NURSING HOME, OR HOMELESS SHELTER, OR PATIENTS 386 00:12:12,565 --> 00:12:13,199 HOMELESS SHELTER, OR PATIENTS WERE IDENTIFIED THROUGH TRACKING 387 00:12:13,199 --> 00:12:16,402 WERE IDENTIFIED THROUGH TRACKING OF A NUMBER OF PATIENTS IN ONE 388 00:12:16,402 --> 00:12:17,771 OF A NUMBER OF PATIENTS IN ONE ZIP CODE, OR ONE CITY, OR ONE 389 00:12:17,771 --> 00:12:18,438 ZIP CODE, OR ONE CITY, OR ONE HOSPITAL. 390 00:12:18,438 --> 00:12:19,338 HOSPITAL. ALL OF THAT AND MORE NEEDS TO BE 391 00:12:19,338 --> 00:12:21,674 ALL OF THAT AND MORE NEEDS TO BE AVAILABLE SO THAT TESTS CAN BE 392 00:12:21,674 --> 00:12:22,209 AVAILABLE SO THAT TESTS CAN BE DONE. 393 00:12:22,209 --> 00:12:23,977 DONE. WHAT WE SEE IS REALLY MASSIVE 394 00:12:23,977 --> 00:12:24,444 WHAT WE SEE IS REALLY MASSIVE TESTING APPROACHES IN 395 00:12:24,444 --> 00:12:26,379 TESTING APPROACHES IN SOUTH KOREA AND ELSEWHERE WHERE 396 00:12:26,379 --> 00:12:28,015 SOUTH KOREA AND ELSEWHERE WHERE THEY ARE DRIVE-THROUGH, AND THAT 397 00:12:28,015 --> 00:12:30,183 THEY ARE DRIVE-THROUGH, AND THAT IS SCALING UP IN THE U.S., BUT 398 00:12:30,183 --> 00:12:31,383 IS SCALING UP IN THE U.S., BUT IT’S NOT ANYWHERE NEAR THE LEVEL 399 00:12:31,383 --> 00:12:32,585 IT’S NOT ANYWHERE NEAR THE LEVEL IT NEEDS TO BE HERE. 400 00:12:32,585 --> 00:12:34,220 IT NEEDS TO BE HERE. AND UNLESS THAT’S THERE, IT’S 401 00:12:34,220 --> 00:12:35,054 AND UNLESS THAT’S THERE, IT’S GOING TO BE VERY DIFFICULT TO 402 00:12:35,054 --> 00:12:37,623 GOING TO BE VERY DIFFICULT TO OPEN SAFELY. 403 00:12:37,623 --> 00:12:40,027 OPEN SAFELY. THINK OF A BOX, IF YOU HAVE ANY 404 00:12:40,027 --> 00:12:41,427 THINK OF A BOX, IF YOU HAVE ANY CORNER OF THAT WEEK, THE VIRUS 405 00:12:41,427 --> 00:12:42,195 CORNER OF THAT WEEK, THE VIRUS CAN ESCAPE. 406 00:12:42,195 --> 00:12:44,264 CAN ESCAPE. ISOLATION IS ALSO IMPORTANT. 407 00:12:44,264 --> 00:12:45,265 ISOLATION IS ALSO IMPORTANT. THAT MEANS OUR HOSPITALS, 408 00:12:45,265 --> 00:12:48,434 THAT MEANS OUR HOSPITALS, NURSING HOMES, THAT MEANS 409 00:12:48,434 --> 00:12:49,435 NURSING HOMES, THAT MEANS ALSO IF YOU ARE MILDLY ILL AND 410 00:12:49,435 --> 00:12:51,505 ALSO IF YOU ARE MILDLY ILL AND YOU DECIDE TO STAY HOME THAT IS 411 00:12:51,505 --> 00:12:52,339 YOU DECIDE TO STAY HOME THAT IS PROBABLY FINE, BUT HOW DO YOU 412 00:12:52,339 --> 00:12:54,674 PROBABLY FINE, BUT HOW DO YOU MAKE SURE YOU DON’T SPREAD IT TO 413 00:12:54,674 --> 00:12:55,641 MAKE SURE YOU DON’T SPREAD IT TO ANYONE WHEN YOU’RE THERE? 414 00:12:55,641 --> 00:12:57,409 ANYONE WHEN YOU’RE THERE? BUT WHAT IF YOU LIVE WITH 415 00:12:57,409 --> 00:12:59,678 BUT WHAT IF YOU LIVE WITH SOMEONE WHO IS VULNERABLE OR AN 416 00:12:59,678 --> 00:13:00,680 SOMEONE WHO IS VULNERABLE OR AN ELDERLY PARENT, GRANDPARENT? 417 00:13:00,680 --> 00:13:03,149 ELDERLY PARENT, GRANDPARENT? WHAT COUNTRIES HAVE DONE AROUND 418 00:13:03,149 --> 00:13:06,586 WHAT COUNTRIES HAVE DONE AROUND THE WORLD IS OFFER -- I DON’T 419 00:13:06,586 --> 00:13:07,554 THE WORLD IS OFFER -- I DON’T THINK THAT’S APPROPRIATE FOR THE 420 00:13:07,554 --> 00:13:07,788 THINK THAT’S APPROPRIATE FOR THE U.S. -- 421 00:13:07,788 --> 00:13:09,022 U.S. -- >> I’M GOING TO HOLD THIS OUT 422 00:13:09,022 --> 00:13:11,357 >> I’M GOING TO HOLD THIS OUT FOR PEOPLE SO THEY CAN SEE IT. 423 00:13:11,357 --> 00:13:12,458 FOR PEOPLE SO THEY CAN SEE IT. >> YEAH, KEEP GOING. 424 00:13:12,458 --> 00:13:16,596 >> YEAH, KEEP GOING. >> AROUND THE WORLD, THAT SECOND 425 00:13:16,596 --> 00:13:17,297 >> AROUND THE WORLD, THAT SECOND ONE, ISOLATE, GETTING PEOPLE OUT 426 00:13:17,297 --> 00:13:22,168 ONE, ISOLATE, GETTING PEOPLE OUT OF THEIR HOME IF NEED BE, 427 00:13:22,168 --> 00:13:23,168 OF THEIR HOME IF NEED BE, VOLUNTARILY IN THE U.S. 428 00:13:23,168 --> 00:13:23,770 VOLUNTARILY IN THE U.S. THE THIRD IS CONTACT TRACING, 429 00:13:23,770 --> 00:13:25,471 THE THIRD IS CONTACT TRACING, AND THAT IS SOMETHING THAT IS 430 00:13:25,471 --> 00:13:26,539 AND THAT IS SOMETHING THAT IS NOT WIDELY UNDERSTOOD BUT ITS 431 00:13:26,539 --> 00:13:28,641 NOT WIDELY UNDERSTOOD BUT ITS TRIED-AND-TRUE PUBLIC HEALTH 432 00:13:28,641 --> 00:13:29,075 TRIED-AND-TRUE PUBLIC HEALTH METHOD. 433 00:13:29,075 --> 00:13:29,708 METHOD. IT’S ABOUT TALKING WITH SOMEONE 434 00:13:29,708 --> 00:13:32,779 IT’S ABOUT TALKING WITH SOMEONE WHO IS SICK, GAINING THEIR 435 00:13:32,779 --> 00:13:34,480 WHO IS SICK, GAINING THEIR TRUST, SUPPORTING THEM WITH THE 436 00:13:34,480 --> 00:13:37,149 TRUST, SUPPORTING THEM WITH THE SERVICES THAT THEY NEED, AND 437 00:13:37,149 --> 00:13:39,118 SERVICES THAT THEY NEED, AND THE PEOPLE WHO NEED TO BE WARNED 438 00:13:39,118 --> 00:13:40,987 THE PEOPLE WHO NEED TO BE WARNED THAT THEY MAY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED 439 00:13:40,987 --> 00:13:41,855 THAT THEY MAY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO THAT. 440 00:13:41,855 --> 00:13:43,222 TO THAT. AND THEN FINALLY, FINDING THOSE 441 00:13:43,222 --> 00:13:46,225 AND THEN FINALLY, FINDING THOSE CONTACTS AND QUARANTINING THEM 442 00:13:46,225 --> 00:13:47,293 CONTACTS AND QUARANTINING THEM FOR THE WHOLE PERIOD THAT THEY 443 00:13:47,293 --> 00:13:48,728 FOR THE WHOLE PERIOD THAT THEY MIGHT BECOME ILL, SO THAT IF 444 00:13:48,728 --> 00:13:49,662 MIGHT BECOME ILL, SO THAT IF THEY DO BECOME ILL THEY’RE NOT 445 00:13:49,662 --> 00:13:51,230 THEY DO BECOME ILL THEY’RE NOT GOING TO SPREAD IT TO OTHERS. 446 00:13:51,230 --> 00:13:52,632 GOING TO SPREAD IT TO OTHERS. IF THEY DO THOSE FOUR THINGS 447 00:13:52,632 --> 00:13:55,368 IF THEY DO THOSE FOUR THINGS RIGHT, THEY CAN KEEP THE VIRUS 448 00:13:55,368 --> 00:13:57,436 RIGHT, THEY CAN KEEP THE VIRUS IN THE BOX, WE CAN GET AHEAD OF 449 00:13:57,436 --> 00:13:58,071 IN THE BOX, WE CAN GET AHEAD OF THE VIRUS INSTEAD OF RESPONDING 450 00:13:58,071 --> 00:14:00,506 THE VIRUS INSTEAD OF RESPONDING TO IT. 451 00:14:00,506 --> 00:14:02,776 TO IT. >> YEAH, SO YOU MENTIONED THAT 452 00:14:02,776 --> 00:14:03,742 >> YEAH, SO YOU MENTIONED THAT DATA IS GOING TO BE INCREDIBLY 453 00:14:03,742 --> 00:14:06,413 DATA IS GOING TO BE INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT HERE. 454 00:14:06,413 --> 00:14:07,713 IMPORTANT HERE. AND NOWADAYS, OFTEN TIMES WHEN 455 00:14:07,713 --> 00:14:09,349 AND NOWADAYS, OFTEN TIMES WHEN PEOPLE THINK ABOUT DATA, THEY 456 00:14:09,349 --> 00:14:10,650 PEOPLE THINK ABOUT DATA, THEY MAY THINK ABOUT TECHNOLOGY. 457 00:14:10,650 --> 00:14:13,719 MAY THINK ABOUT TECHNOLOGY. BUT YOU’VE SAID THAT THIS IS NOT 458 00:14:13,719 --> 00:14:14,321 BUT YOU’VE SAID THAT THIS IS NOT NECESSARILY ABOUT TECHNOLOGY, 459 00:14:14,321 --> 00:14:16,622 NECESSARILY ABOUT TECHNOLOGY, AND YOU EMPHASIZED HERE THE 460 00:14:16,622 --> 00:14:18,658 AND YOU EMPHASIZED HERE THE IMPORTANCE OF MANUAL CONTACT 461 00:14:18,658 --> 00:14:18,891 IMPORTANCE OF MANUAL CONTACT TRACING. 462 00:14:18,891 --> 00:14:21,595 TRACING. WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO TO GET 463 00:14:21,595 --> 00:14:25,197 WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO TO GET THAT REALLY HIGH QUALITY CONTACT 464 00:14:25,197 --> 00:14:28,033 THAT REALLY HIGH QUALITY CONTACT TRACING THAT’S NECESSARY TO 465 00:14:28,033 --> 00:14:28,968 TRACING THAT’S NECESSARY TO EXECUTE ON THIS STRATEGY? 466 00:14:28,968 --> 00:14:30,002 EXECUTE ON THIS STRATEGY? >> IT’S GOING TO REQUIRE A HUGE 467 00:14:30,002 --> 00:14:32,605 >> IT’S GOING TO REQUIRE A HUGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE. 468 00:14:32,605 --> 00:14:33,973 NUMBER OF PEOPLE. IF WE LEARN FROM COUNTRIES 469 00:14:33,973 --> 00:14:35,341 IF WE LEARN FROM COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD, LOOK AT CHINA 470 00:14:35,341 --> 00:14:36,008 AROUND THE WORLD, LOOK AT CHINA THAT’S BEEN DEALING WITH IT FOR 471 00:14:36,008 --> 00:14:38,412 THAT’S BEEN DEALING WITH IT FOR THE LONGEST PERIOD THEY’VE DONE 472 00:14:38,412 --> 00:14:40,246 THE LONGEST PERIOD THEY’VE DONE CONTACT TRACING OF MORE THAN 473 00:14:40,246 --> 00:14:42,149 CONTACT TRACING OF MORE THAN 700,000 PEOPLE FOR 14 DAYS IN 474 00:14:42,149 --> 00:14:46,820 700,000 PEOPLE FOR 14 DAYS IN THE CITY OF WUHAN, THE HARDEST 475 00:14:46,820 --> 00:14:47,086 THE CITY OF WUHAN, THE HARDEST HIT CITY. 476 00:14:47,086 --> 00:14:50,357 HIT CITY. THEY HAD 1800 TEAMS OF PEOPLE 477 00:14:50,357 --> 00:14:52,159 THEY HAD 1800 TEAMS OF PEOPLE EACH LED BY A PUBLIC HEALTH 478 00:14:52,159 --> 00:14:53,359 EACH LED BY A PUBLIC HEALTH EPIDEMIOLOGIST. 479 00:14:53,359 --> 00:14:53,927 EPIDEMIOLOGIST. THAT’S 9,000 PEOPLE. 480 00:14:53,927 --> 00:14:56,596 THAT’S 9,000 PEOPLE. SO LOTS OF PEOPLE WELL 481 00:14:56,596 --> 00:14:56,863 SO LOTS OF PEOPLE WELL SUPPORTED. 482 00:14:56,863 --> 00:14:58,264 SUPPORTED. BUT IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT THE 483 00:14:58,264 --> 00:14:58,865 BUT IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT THE CONTACT TRACING. 484 00:14:58,865 --> 00:14:59,832 CONTACT TRACING. IT’S ABOUT SENSITIVE 485 00:14:59,832 --> 00:15:01,567 IT’S ABOUT SENSITIVE INTERVIEWING WITH PEOPLE. 486 00:15:01,567 --> 00:15:03,769 INTERVIEWING WITH PEOPLE. I DID MOST OF MY CAREER BEFORE 487 00:15:03,769 --> 00:15:07,440 I DID MOST OF MY CAREER BEFORE IN TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL, AND WE 488 00:15:07,440 --> 00:15:08,442 IN TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL, AND WE DO CONTRACT TRACING WITH 489 00:15:08,442 --> 00:15:09,208 DO CONTRACT TRACING WITH TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL AS WELL. 490 00:15:09,208 --> 00:15:10,509 TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL AS WELL. I THINK BACK TO A TIME WHERE WE 491 00:15:10,509 --> 00:15:13,012 I THINK BACK TO A TIME WHERE WE HAD A HIGH SCHOOL CHOIR AND 492 00:15:13,012 --> 00:15:14,547 HAD A HIGH SCHOOL CHOIR AND THERE WAS A YOUNG WOMAN, A 493 00:15:14,547 --> 00:15:16,516 THERE WAS A YOUNG WOMAN, A STUDENT AT THAT CHOIR, A TENTH 494 00:15:16,516 --> 00:15:18,050 STUDENT AT THAT CHOIR, A TENTH GRADER, AND SHE HAD 495 00:15:18,050 --> 00:15:18,918 GRADER, AND SHE HAD TUBERCULOSIS, SHE DIDN’T KNOW 496 00:15:18,918 --> 00:15:19,452 TUBERCULOSIS, SHE DIDN’T KNOW IT. 497 00:15:19,452 --> 00:15:21,421 IT. BUT SINGING IS A REALLY GOOD WAY 498 00:15:21,421 --> 00:15:22,422 BUT SINGING IS A REALLY GOOD WAY TO SPREAD INFECTION, 499 00:15:22,422 --> 00:15:23,288 TO SPREAD INFECTION, UNFORTUNATELY. 500 00:15:23,288 --> 00:15:25,992 UNFORTUNATELY. AND SO MANY PEOPLE AROUND HER 501 00:15:25,992 --> 00:15:26,825 AND SO MANY PEOPLE AROUND HER BECAME INFECTED AND SEVERAL 502 00:15:26,825 --> 00:15:27,126 BECAME INFECTED AND SEVERAL BECAME ILL. 503 00:15:27,126 --> 00:15:28,628 BECAME ILL. WE HAD TO GO AT EACH OF THEIR 504 00:15:28,628 --> 00:15:29,629 WE HAD TO GO AT EACH OF THEIR HOMES, WE HAD TO EXPLAIN TO THEM 505 00:15:29,629 --> 00:15:31,998 HOMES, WE HAD TO EXPLAIN TO THEM THAT THEY HAD BEEN EXPOSED, WE 506 00:15:31,998 --> 00:15:34,099 THAT THEY HAD BEEN EXPOSED, WE NEVER GAVE THE NAME OF THE 507 00:15:34,099 --> 00:15:35,300 NEVER GAVE THE NAME OF THE STUDENT WHO EXPOSED THEM. 508 00:15:35,300 --> 00:15:37,603 STUDENT WHO EXPOSED THEM. AND THAT IS TRIED AND TRUE 509 00:15:37,603 --> 00:15:37,938 AND THAT IS TRIED AND TRUE PUBLIC HEALTH. 510 00:15:37,938 --> 00:15:39,772 PUBLIC HEALTH. A LOT OF SOCIETY CAN SUPPORT 511 00:15:39,772 --> 00:15:40,874 A LOT OF SOCIETY CAN SUPPORT PUBLIC HEALTH AND SUPPORT 512 00:15:40,874 --> 00:15:42,175 PUBLIC HEALTH AND SUPPORT PATIENTS AND CONTACTS. 513 00:15:42,175 --> 00:15:43,609 PATIENTS AND CONTACTS. FOR EXAMPLE, SUPPOSE A PATIENT 514 00:15:43,609 --> 00:15:45,745 FOR EXAMPLE, SUPPOSE A PATIENT NEEDS TO COME OUT OF THEIR HOME 515 00:15:45,745 --> 00:15:51,250 NEEDS TO COME OUT OF THEIR HOME AND STAY IN A HOTEL OR MOTEL. 516 00:15:51,250 --> 00:15:52,552 AND STAY IN A HOTEL OR MOTEL. WHAT SERVICE DOES THAT PERSON 517 00:15:52,552 --> 00:15:54,954 WHAT SERVICE DOES THAT PERSON NEED CUSTOMER FOOD, LAUNDRY, 518 00:15:54,954 --> 00:15:55,722 NEED CUSTOMER FOOD, LAUNDRY, EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, 519 00:15:55,722 --> 00:15:57,790 EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, ENTERTAINMENT, HIGH-SPEED 520 00:15:57,790 --> 00:15:58,791 ENTERTAINMENT, HIGH-SPEED INTERNET. 521 00:15:58,791 --> 00:15:59,825 INTERNET. ONE COUNTRY GAVE PEOPLE 522 00:15:59,825 --> 00:16:02,161 ONE COUNTRY GAVE PEOPLE UNLIMITED NETFLIX MOVIE SO THEY 523 00:16:02,161 --> 00:16:03,095 UNLIMITED NETFLIX MOVIE SO THEY WOULD STAY COMFORTABLE WHERE 524 00:16:03,095 --> 00:16:03,362 WOULD STAY COMFORTABLE WHERE THEY ARE. 525 00:16:03,362 --> 00:16:06,399 THEY ARE. IT’S REALLY ABOUT MAKING THE 526 00:16:06,399 --> 00:16:08,334 IT’S REALLY ABOUT MAKING THE PATIENT THE VIP OF THE PROGRAM. 527 00:16:08,334 --> 00:16:09,236 PATIENT THE VIP OF THE PROGRAM. THAT IS THE SECRET OF PUBLIC 528 00:16:09,236 --> 00:16:12,604 THAT IS THE SECRET OF PUBLIC HEALTH, AND EARNING, GAINING, 529 00:16:12,604 --> 00:16:14,607 HEALTH, AND EARNING, GAINING, AND RETAINING THE TRUST OF THE 530 00:16:14,607 --> 00:16:15,475 AND RETAINING THE TRUST OF THE COMMUNITY. 531 00:16:15,475 --> 00:16:17,777 COMMUNITY. >> SO, IN OUR CONVERSATIONS, ONE 532 00:16:17,777 --> 00:16:19,378 >> SO, IN OUR CONVERSATIONS, ONE OF THE CONCERNS THAT YOU PHRASED 533 00:16:19,378 --> 00:16:21,547 OF THE CONCERNS THAT YOU PHRASED IS THAT THERE IS A TENDENCY 534 00:16:21,547 --> 00:16:23,683 IS THAT THERE IS A TENDENCY SOMETIMES FOR SOCIETY OVERALL TO 535 00:16:23,683 --> 00:16:25,017 SOMETIMES FOR SOCIETY OVERALL TO FOCUS ON THE SHINY NEW THING. 536 00:16:25,017 --> 00:16:25,918 FOCUS ON THE SHINY NEW THING. IN THIS CASE IT MIGHT BE HOW WE 537 00:16:25,918 --> 00:16:29,756 IN THIS CASE IT MIGHT BE HOW WE CAN USE APPS OR TECHNOLOGY TO 538 00:16:29,756 --> 00:16:34,894 CAN USE APPS OR TECHNOLOGY TO FULFILL SOME OF THESE ROLES THAT 539 00:16:34,894 --> 00:16:36,895 FULFILL SOME OF THESE ROLES THAT ARE UNPROVEN, WHETHER THAT CAN 540 00:16:36,895 --> 00:16:37,096 ARE UNPROVEN, WHETHER THAT CAN HELP. 541 00:16:37,096 --> 00:16:41,667 HELP. WHERE THE TRADITIONAL TRADITIONA 542 00:16:41,667 --> 00:16:42,902 WHERE THE TRADITIONAL TRADITIONA HAVE BEEN PROVEN TO WORK. 543 00:16:42,902 --> 00:16:44,203 HAVE BEEN PROVEN TO WORK. ON THE ONE HAND, IF PEOPLE WANT 544 00:16:44,203 --> 00:16:46,072 ON THE ONE HAND, IF PEOPLE WANT TO TRY NEW THINGS, THAT’S GREAT 545 00:16:46,072 --> 00:16:47,540 TO TRY NEW THINGS, THAT’S GREAT AND CAN BE HELPFUL, AS LONG AS 546 00:16:47,540 --> 00:16:49,175 AND CAN BE HELPFUL, AS LONG AS WE DON’T TAKE AWAY THE ATTENTION 547 00:16:49,175 --> 00:16:49,776 WE DON’T TAKE AWAY THE ATTENTION AND INVESTMENT FROM THE THINGS 548 00:16:49,776 --> 00:16:52,177 AND INVESTMENT FROM THE THINGS WE KNOW THAT OUR NECESSARY TO 549 00:16:52,177 --> 00:16:52,812 WE KNOW THAT OUR NECESSARY TO WORK. 550 00:16:52,812 --> 00:16:53,780 WORK. YOU’VE TALKED ABOUT HOW WE WILL 551 00:16:53,780 --> 00:16:57,083 YOU’VE TALKED ABOUT HOW WE WILL POTENTIALLY NEED SOMEWHERE 552 00:16:57,083 --> 00:16:58,751 POTENTIALLY NEED SOMEWHERE BETWEEN 100,000 TO MAYBE 300,000 553 00:16:58,751 --> 00:17:02,888 BETWEEN 100,000 TO MAYBE 300,000 PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY WORKING ON 554 00:17:02,888 --> 00:17:04,390 PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY WORKING ON CONTACT TRACING IN ORDER TO DO 555 00:17:04,390 --> 00:17:05,491 CONTACT TRACING IN ORDER TO DO THIS WELL. 556 00:17:05,491 --> 00:17:08,562 THIS WELL. MAYBE TALK A BIT ABOUT THAT. 557 00:17:08,562 --> 00:17:10,195 MAYBE TALK A BIT ABOUT THAT. WHAT YOU SEE IS, HOW IS IT 558 00:17:10,195 --> 00:17:12,698 WHAT YOU SEE IS, HOW IS IT POSSIBLE TO STAND UP THAT KIND 559 00:17:12,698 --> 00:17:12,966 POSSIBLE TO STAND UP THAT KIND OF EFFORT. 560 00:17:12,966 --> 00:17:13,733 OF EFFORT. YOU TALKED A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 561 00:17:13,733 --> 00:17:15,968 YOU TALKED A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHY IT’S IMPORTANT TO HAVE 562 00:17:15,968 --> 00:17:18,904 WHY IT’S IMPORTANT TO HAVE PEOPLE DO THAT, RATHER THAN SOME 563 00:17:18,904 --> 00:17:20,574 PEOPLE DO THAT, RATHER THAN SOME OF THE NEWER APPROACH IS THAT 564 00:17:20,574 --> 00:17:22,408 OF THE NEWER APPROACH IS THAT PEOPLE ARE TALKING ABOUT. 565 00:17:22,408 --> 00:17:24,944 PEOPLE ARE TALKING ABOUT. BUT MAYBE JUST KIND OF DRAW A 566 00:17:24,944 --> 00:17:27,013 BUT MAYBE JUST KIND OF DRAW A SHARPER CONTRAST, IF I’M 567 00:17:27,013 --> 00:17:28,315 SHARPER CONTRAST, IF I’M SUMMARIZING YOUR POINT 568 00:17:28,315 --> 00:17:28,982 SUMMARIZING YOUR POINT CORRECTLY, ABOUT WHAT YOU’D 569 00:17:28,982 --> 00:17:31,284 CORRECTLY, ABOUT WHAT YOU’D EXPECT THOSE PEOPLE TO BE ABLE 570 00:17:31,284 --> 00:17:32,685 EXPECT THOSE PEOPLE TO BE ABLE TO DO THAT YOU’D WORRY THAT 571 00:17:32,685 --> 00:17:33,252 TO DO THAT YOU’D WORRY THAT TECHNOLOGY ALONE WOULDN’T BE 572 00:17:33,252 --> 00:17:37,723 TECHNOLOGY ALONE WOULDN’T BE ABLE TO. 573 00:17:37,723 --> 00:17:38,358 ABLE TO. >> A GOOD PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAM 574 00:17:38,358 --> 00:17:41,426 >> A GOOD PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAM USES DATA TO GUIDE ITS ACTION, 575 00:17:41,426 --> 00:17:42,996 USES DATA TO GUIDE ITS ACTION, AND A GREAT PUBLIC HEALTH 576 00:17:42,996 --> 00:17:44,364 AND A GREAT PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAM USES REAL-TIME DATA TO 577 00:17:44,364 --> 00:17:45,131 PROGRAM USES REAL-TIME DATA TO GUIDE ITS ACTION. 578 00:17:45,131 --> 00:17:47,432 GUIDE ITS ACTION. SO THERE ARE SOME REALLY 579 00:17:47,432 --> 00:17:49,401 SO THERE ARE SOME REALLY IMPORTANT USES OF NEW TECHNOLOGY 580 00:17:49,401 --> 00:17:51,571 IMPORTANT USES OF NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR EXAMPLE, UNDERSTANDING TO 581 00:17:51,571 --> 00:17:53,205 FOR EXAMPLE, UNDERSTANDING TO WHAT EXTENT PEOPLE ARE 582 00:17:53,205 --> 00:17:54,473 WHAT EXTENT PEOPLE ARE PHYSICALLY DISTANCING IN 583 00:17:54,473 --> 00:17:55,608 PHYSICALLY DISTANCING IN DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES. 584 00:17:55,608 --> 00:17:56,609 DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES. THAT’S AN AGGREGATE DATA KEY 585 00:17:56,609 --> 00:17:58,811 THAT’S AN AGGREGATE DATA KEY THAT CAN BE USED BY GOVERNMENT, 586 00:17:58,811 --> 00:18:00,647 THAT CAN BE USED BY GOVERNMENT, BY PUBLIC HEALTH, BY SOCIETAL 587 00:18:00,647 --> 00:18:03,282 BY PUBLIC HEALTH, BY SOCIETAL LEADERS TO SAY HEY, WERE DOING A 588 00:18:03,282 --> 00:18:04,784 LEADERS TO SAY HEY, WERE DOING A GOOD JOB, WE NEED TO BACK OFF 589 00:18:04,784 --> 00:18:05,284 GOOD JOB, WE NEED TO BACK OFF FROM SOME OF THE SOCIAL 590 00:18:05,284 --> 00:18:07,553 FROM SOME OF THE SOCIAL INTERACTIONS THAT WE ARE HAVING, 591 00:18:07,553 --> 00:18:08,821 INTERACTIONS THAT WE ARE HAVING, PHYSICAL INTERACTIONS THAT WE’RE 592 00:18:08,821 --> 00:18:10,790 PHYSICAL INTERACTIONS THAT WE’RE HAVING, SO WE CAN TAMP DOWN THE 593 00:18:10,790 --> 00:18:11,024 HAVING, SO WE CAN TAMP DOWN THE VIRUS. 594 00:18:11,024 --> 00:18:13,659 VIRUS. THAT’S A GREAT USE OF IT. 595 00:18:13,659 --> 00:18:14,327 THAT’S A GREAT USE OF IT. SYMPTOM SCREENING IS SOMETHING 596 00:18:14,327 --> 00:18:17,030 SYMPTOM SCREENING IS SOMETHING THAT IS BEING LOOKED AT NOW AND 597 00:18:17,030 --> 00:18:18,665 THAT IS BEING LOOKED AT NOW AND CAN MAYBE GIVE A HINT TO WHERE 598 00:18:18,665 --> 00:18:19,498 CAN MAYBE GIVE A HINT TO WHERE THE VIRUS IS EMERGINGBEFORE WE 599 00:18:19,498 --> 00:18:23,636 THE VIRUS IS EMERGINGBEFORE WE ARE ABLE TO EVEN DETECT, EVEN IF 600 00:18:23,636 --> 00:18:24,770 ARE ABLE TO EVEN DETECT, EVEN IF WE HAD A PERFECT TESTING 601 00:18:24,770 --> 00:18:25,037 WE HAD A PERFECT TESTING CAPACITY. 602 00:18:25,037 --> 00:18:27,607 CAPACITY. SO I THINK THERE’S SOME REALLY 603 00:18:27,607 --> 00:18:29,408 SO I THINK THERE’S SOME REALLY GOOD POTENTIAL USES. 604 00:18:29,408 --> 00:18:30,008 GOOD POTENTIAL USES. THERE’S A LOT OF INTEREST IN, 605 00:18:30,008 --> 00:18:32,978 THERE’S A LOT OF INTEREST IN, CAN WE HAVE OUR OWN IDENTIFIED, 606 00:18:32,978 --> 00:18:34,614 CAN WE HAVE OUR OWN IDENTIFIED, WHO WE’VE BEEN IN CONTACT WITH, 607 00:18:34,614 --> 00:18:36,582 WHO WE’VE BEEN IN CONTACT WITH, WHO’S BEEN IN CONTACT WITH US 608 00:18:36,582 --> 00:18:38,217 WHO’S BEEN IN CONTACT WITH US WHO MIGHT’VE BEEN INFECTIOUS. 609 00:18:38,217 --> 00:18:39,185 WHO MIGHT’VE BEEN INFECTIOUS. THAT’S AN INTERESTING 610 00:18:39,185 --> 00:18:40,153 THAT’S AN INTERESTING TECHNOLOGY, IT’S AN INTERESTING 611 00:18:40,153 --> 00:18:43,122 TECHNOLOGY, IT’S AN INTERESTING IDEA, BUT ABSOLUTELY IT’S 612 00:18:43,122 --> 00:18:44,456 IDEA, BUT ABSOLUTELY IT’S IMPORTANT TO LOOK AT IT AND 613 00:18:44,456 --> 00:18:46,760 IMPORTANT TO LOOK AT IT AND MAYBE IT WILL BE VERY HELPFUL, 614 00:18:46,760 --> 00:18:48,160 MAYBE IT WILL BE VERY HELPFUL, BUT I THINK IT’S SCARING PEOPLE 615 00:18:48,160 --> 00:18:48,928 BUT I THINK IT’S SCARING PEOPLE AND WILL HAVE TO BE DONE WITH 616 00:18:48,928 --> 00:18:50,996 AND WILL HAVE TO BE DONE WITH FULL TRANSPARENCY AND CONSENT. 617 00:18:50,996 --> 00:18:54,934 FULL TRANSPARENCY AND CONSENT. AND IT’S NOT WHAT TRADITIONAL 618 00:18:54,934 --> 00:18:56,569 AND IT’S NOT WHAT TRADITIONAL CONTACT TRACING IS. 619 00:18:56,569 --> 00:18:57,203 CONTACT TRACING IS. TRADITIONAL CONTACT TRACING IS 620 00:18:57,203 --> 00:18:58,537 TRADITIONAL CONTACT TRACING IS ABOUT GAINING SOMEONE’S TRUST, 621 00:18:58,537 --> 00:18:59,105 ABOUT GAINING SOMEONE’S TRUST, MEETING THEIR NEEDS, HELPING 622 00:18:59,105 --> 00:19:02,775 MEETING THEIR NEEDS, HELPING THEM TO WARNED THE PEOPLE WHO 623 00:19:02,775 --> 00:19:04,677 THEM TO WARNED THE PEOPLE WHO MAY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED. 624 00:19:04,677 --> 00:19:06,212 MAY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED. IT’S HARD WORK BUT IT DOES WORK. 625 00:19:06,212 --> 00:19:08,181 IT’S HARD WORK BUT IT DOES WORK. AND IT TAKES PEOPLE WHO ARE 626 00:19:08,181 --> 00:19:09,415 AND IT TAKES PEOPLE WHO ARE TRAINED, SUPERVISED, AND 627 00:19:09,415 --> 00:19:09,682 TRAINED, SUPERVISED, AND SUPPORTED. 628 00:19:09,682 --> 00:19:12,218 SUPPORTED. AND I THINK THERE PROBABLY ARE 629 00:19:12,218 --> 00:19:13,219 AND I THINK THERE PROBABLY ARE SOME WAYS THAT TECHNOLOGY CAN 630 00:19:13,219 --> 00:19:13,853 SOME WAYS THAT TECHNOLOGY CAN HELP. 631 00:19:13,853 --> 00:19:15,121 HELP. IT’S HARD TO REACH SOMEONE AND 632 00:19:15,121 --> 00:19:17,756 IT’S HARD TO REACH SOMEONE AND YOU ARE ABLE TO SEND THEM A 633 00:19:17,756 --> 00:19:18,557 YOU ARE ABLE TO SEND THEM A MESSAGE BY SOCIAL MEDIA, THAT IS 634 00:19:18,557 --> 00:19:19,959 MESSAGE BY SOCIAL MEDIA, THAT IS A NEW WAY OF REACHING PEOPLE 635 00:19:19,959 --> 00:19:21,827 A NEW WAY OF REACHING PEOPLE THAT WE DIDN’T HAVE TEN, 20 636 00:19:21,827 --> 00:19:25,098 THAT WE DIDN’T HAVE TEN, 20 YEARS AGO WHEN CONTACT TRACING 637 00:19:25,098 --> 00:19:26,298 YEARS AGO WHEN CONTACT TRACING WAS KNOWN MORE COMMONLY. 638 00:19:26,298 --> 00:19:27,833 WAS KNOWN MORE COMMONLY. ONE THING THAT’S BEEN QUITE 639 00:19:27,833 --> 00:19:29,801 ONE THING THAT’S BEEN QUITE INTERESTING TO US AS WE ARE 640 00:19:29,801 --> 00:19:31,503 INTERESTING TO US AS WE ARE WORKING BOTH IN AFRICA AND THE 641 00:19:31,503 --> 00:19:32,938 WORKING BOTH IN AFRICA AND THE U.S., THIS CONCEPT IS MUCH 642 00:19:32,938 --> 00:19:33,572 U.S., THIS CONCEPT IS MUCH BETTER UNDERSTOOD IN AFRICA THAN 643 00:19:33,572 --> 00:19:35,507 BETTER UNDERSTOOD IN AFRICA THAN IT IS HERE. 644 00:19:35,507 --> 00:19:39,946 IT IS HERE. LIBERIA IS SCALING UP TO 6,000 645 00:19:39,946 --> 00:19:42,248 LIBERIA IS SCALING UP TO 6,000 CONTACT TRACERS, AND WHEN THEY 646 00:19:42,248 --> 00:19:43,983 CONTACT TRACERS, AND WHEN THEY HAD THEIR FIRST THREE CASES, 647 00:19:43,983 --> 00:19:45,952 HAD THEIR FIRST THREE CASES, THEY HAD HUNDREDS OF CONTACTS 648 00:19:45,952 --> 00:19:47,153 THEY HAD HUNDREDS OF CONTACTS IDENTIFIED, 649 00:19:47,153 --> 00:19:47,786 IDENTIFIED, QUARANTINE, AND TRACKED TO MAKE 650 00:19:47,786 --> 00:19:50,256 QUARANTINE, AND TRACKED TO MAKE SURE THAT IF THEY GOT SICK IT 651 00:19:50,256 --> 00:19:51,657 SURE THAT IF THEY GOT SICK IT WOULD NOT MAKE OTHER PEOPLE 652 00:19:51,657 --> 00:19:51,857 WOULD NOT MAKE OTHER PEOPLE SICK. 653 00:19:51,857 --> 00:19:53,492 SICK. SO SOME OF THE THINGS WE HAVE TO 654 00:19:53,492 --> 00:19:54,794 SO SOME OF THE THINGS WE HAVE TO DO ARE THE BASICS. 655 00:19:54,794 --> 00:19:56,229 DO ARE THE BASICS. BUT WE CAN MAKE THEM WORK BETTER 656 00:19:56,229 --> 00:19:59,365 BUT WE CAN MAKE THEM WORK BETTER BY DOING THEM SMARTER, BY 657 00:19:59,365 --> 00:20:00,799 BY DOING THEM SMARTER, BY GETTING RESOURCES FOR THE 658 00:20:00,799 --> 00:20:02,435 GETTING RESOURCES FOR THE PATIENTS, FOR THE CONTACTS, AND 659 00:20:02,435 --> 00:20:04,336 PATIENTS, FOR THE CONTACTS, AND ALSO FOR THE PEOPLE DOING THE 660 00:20:04,336 --> 00:20:06,138 ALSO FOR THE PEOPLE DOING THE CONTACT TRACING. 661 00:20:06,138 --> 00:20:07,740 CONTACT TRACING. >> SO IT SOUNDS LIKE TECHNOLOGY 662 00:20:07,740 --> 00:20:10,009 >> SO IT SOUNDS LIKE TECHNOLOGY CAN HELP US FIGURE OUT WHAT 663 00:20:10,009 --> 00:20:12,645 CAN HELP US FIGURE OUT WHAT THE CONNECTIONS LOOK LIKE, BUT 664 00:20:12,645 --> 00:20:15,414 THE CONNECTIONS LOOK LIKE, BUT YOU STILL NEED A PERSON FOR THE 665 00:20:15,414 --> 00:20:16,783 YOU STILL NEED A PERSON FOR THE BEDSIDE MANNER, OR THE HUMAN 666 00:20:16,783 --> 00:20:21,020 BEDSIDE MANNER, OR THE HUMAN TOUCH TO ACTUALLY HELP PEOPLE 667 00:20:21,020 --> 00:20:22,855 TOUCH TO ACTUALLY HELP PEOPLE NAVIGATE LIFE ONCE THEY FIGURED 668 00:20:22,855 --> 00:20:24,089 NAVIGATE LIFE ONCE THEY FIGURED OUT THAT THEY EITHER NEED TO 669 00:20:24,089 --> 00:20:25,691 OUT THAT THEY EITHER NEED TO QUARANTINE, OR IF THEY ARE SICK, 670 00:20:25,691 --> 00:20:26,726 QUARANTINE, OR IF THEY ARE SICK, SO THAT THEY CONTINUE TO TAKE 671 00:20:26,726 --> 00:20:28,928 SO THAT THEY CONTINUE TO TAKE CARE OF THEMSELVES AND PREVENT 672 00:20:28,928 --> 00:20:31,830 CARE OF THEMSELVES AND PREVENT EXPOSURE TO THOSE AROUND THEM. 673 00:20:31,830 --> 00:20:33,899 EXPOSURE TO THOSE AROUND THEM. >> I THINK THAT’S RIGHT. 674 00:20:33,899 --> 00:20:36,503 >> I THINK THAT’S RIGHT. IT REALLY DOES TAKE HUMAN 675 00:20:36,503 --> 00:20:38,571 IT REALLY DOES TAKE HUMAN INTERACTION TO BE ABLE TO GAIN 676 00:20:38,571 --> 00:20:41,540 INTERACTION TO BE ABLE TO GAIN SOMEONE’S TRUST AND DETERMINE 677 00:20:41,540 --> 00:20:45,577 SOMEONE’S TRUST AND DETERMINE WHAT’S BEST TO HELP THEM STAY 678 00:20:45,577 --> 00:20:46,144 WHAT’S BEST TO HELP THEM STAY SAFE AND KEEP THEIR FAMILY, 679 00:20:46,144 --> 00:20:48,515 SAFE AND KEEP THEIR FAMILY, FRIENDS, AND THOSE AROUND THEM 680 00:20:48,515 --> 00:20:48,715 FRIENDS, AND THOSE AROUND THEM SAFE. 681 00:20:48,715 --> 00:20:51,116 SAFE. AND ULTIMATELY, THERE IS NO 682 00:20:51,116 --> 00:20:53,219 AND ULTIMATELY, THERE IS NO REPLACEMENT FOR THAT PERSON TO 683 00:20:53,219 --> 00:20:53,719 REPLACEMENT FOR THAT PERSON TO PERSON BOND. 684 00:20:53,719 --> 00:20:54,653 PERSON BOND. >> GOT IT. 685 00:20:54,653 --> 00:20:57,790 >> GOT IT. >> YOU TALK ABOUT HOW IN LIBERIA 686 00:20:57,790 --> 00:20:58,725 >> YOU TALK ABOUT HOW IN LIBERIA AND POTENTIALLY IN OTHER PLACES 687 00:20:58,725 --> 00:21:01,961 AND POTENTIALLY IN OTHER PLACES IN WEST AFRICA, THERE IS MORE 688 00:21:01,961 --> 00:21:05,999 IN WEST AFRICA, THERE IS MORE FAMILIARITY THE IDEA OF NEEDING 689 00:21:05,999 --> 00:21:07,199 FAMILIARITY THE IDEA OF NEEDING A BIG PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE ON 690 00:21:07,199 --> 00:21:07,866 A BIG PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE ON CONTACT TRACING. 691 00:21:07,866 --> 00:21:10,069 CONTACT TRACING. CERTAINLY, I THINK WE’VE ALSO 692 00:21:10,069 --> 00:21:12,038 CERTAINLY, I THINK WE’VE ALSO SEEN IN ASIA WHERE COUNTRIES 693 00:21:12,038 --> 00:21:14,172 SEEN IN ASIA WHERE COUNTRIES HAVE HAD MORE EXPOSURE TO SARS, 694 00:21:14,172 --> 00:21:18,812 HAVE HAD MORE EXPOSURE TO SARS, THERE WAS MORE -- AND THINGS 695 00:21:18,812 --> 00:21:19,745 THERE WAS MORE -- AND THINGS LIKE THAT IN ADVANCE. 696 00:21:19,745 --> 00:21:21,747 LIKE THAT IN ADVANCE. WHAT DO YOU THINK IT’S GOING TO 697 00:21:21,747 --> 00:21:22,648 WHAT DO YOU THINK IT’S GOING TO TAKE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 698 00:21:22,648 --> 00:21:26,652 TAKE IN THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO BUILD UP THE AMOUNT OF 699 00:21:26,652 --> 00:21:28,621 ORDER TO BUILD UP THE AMOUNT OF RESOURCE, OR THE HUMAN MANUAL 700 00:21:28,621 --> 00:21:31,190 RESOURCE, OR THE HUMAN MANUAL EFFORT THAT IS REQUIRED TO DO DO 701 00:21:31,190 --> 00:21:33,025 EFFORT THAT IS REQUIRED TO DO DO THE SCALE OF THE CONTACT TRACING 702 00:21:33,025 --> 00:21:33,526 THE SCALE OF THE CONTACT TRACING THAT’S NECESSARY? 703 00:21:33,526 --> 00:21:36,262 THAT’S NECESSARY? IF IT REALLY IS 100,000 OR MORE 704 00:21:36,262 --> 00:21:36,896 IF IT REALLY IS 100,000 OR MORE PEOPLE, WHAT DOES THAT LOOK 705 00:21:36,896 --> 00:21:37,263 PEOPLE, WHAT DOES THAT LOOK LIKE? 706 00:21:37,263 --> 00:21:37,997 LIKE? AND I KNOW THAT THIS IS 707 00:21:37,997 --> 00:21:41,400 AND I KNOW THAT THIS IS SOMETHING THAT FACEBOOK IS 708 00:21:41,400 --> 00:21:43,803 SOMETHING THAT FACEBOOK IS LOOKING AT HOW WE CAN USE OUR 709 00:21:43,803 --> 00:21:45,104 LOOKING AT HOW WE CAN USE OUR TOOLS TO HELP RECRUIT PEOPLE. 710 00:21:45,104 --> 00:21:48,173 TOOLS TO HELP RECRUIT PEOPLE. THAT’S A BIG PART OF WHAT WE CAN 711 00:21:48,173 --> 00:21:49,809 THAT’S A BIG PART OF WHAT WE CAN DO, OR HELP PEOPLE DISSEMINATE 712 00:21:49,809 --> 00:21:51,210 DO, OR HELP PEOPLE DISSEMINATE MESSAGES, OR COMMUNICATE WITH 713 00:21:51,210 --> 00:21:51,443 MESSAGES, OR COMMUNICATE WITH PEOPLE. 714 00:21:51,443 --> 00:21:52,078 PEOPLE. THAT IS CERTAINLY PART OF WHAT 715 00:21:52,078 --> 00:21:53,813 THAT IS CERTAINLY PART OF WHAT WE DO. 716 00:21:53,813 --> 00:21:55,581 WE DO. BUT WHAT DO YOU THINK, WHETHER 717 00:21:55,581 --> 00:21:57,750 BUT WHAT DO YOU THINK, WHETHER IT’S A COMPANY LIKE FACEBOOK OR 718 00:21:57,750 --> 00:22:01,053 IT’S A COMPANY LIKE FACEBOOK OR OTHER NONPROFITS, OR OTHER 719 00:22:01,053 --> 00:22:03,222 OTHER NONPROFITS, OR OTHER FOLKS, WHAT CAN FOLKS BE DOING 720 00:22:03,222 --> 00:22:05,858 FOLKS, WHAT CAN FOLKS BE DOING TO HELP STAND UP TO THIS BIG 721 00:22:05,858 --> 00:22:06,392 TO HELP STAND UP TO THIS BIG EFFORT? 722 00:22:06,392 --> 00:22:09,194 EFFORT? >> THERE ARE A LOT OF ASPECTS TO 723 00:22:09,194 --> 00:22:09,361 >> THERE ARE A LOT OF ASPECTS TO IT. 724 00:22:09,361 --> 00:22:11,764 IT. ONE IS FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE IN 725 00:22:11,764 --> 00:22:12,632 ONE IS FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE IN ISOLATION OR QUARANTINE, WHETHER 726 00:22:12,632 --> 00:22:15,768 ISOLATION OR QUARANTINE, WHETHER IN THEIR OWN HOMES OR HOTEL OR 727 00:22:15,768 --> 00:22:17,636 IN THEIR OWN HOMES OR HOTEL OR MOTEL OR DORM, HOW ABOUT WRAP 728 00:22:17,636 --> 00:22:19,405 MOTEL OR DORM, HOW ABOUT WRAP AROUND SERVICES FOR THEM, SO 729 00:22:19,405 --> 00:22:20,773 AROUND SERVICES FOR THEM, SO THAT IT’S THEIR INCENTIVE TO 730 00:22:20,773 --> 00:22:22,240 THAT IT’S THEIR INCENTIVE TO STAY THERE, THEY ARE SUPPORTED 731 00:22:22,240 --> 00:22:22,575 STAY THERE, THEY ARE SUPPORTED TO STAY THERE. 732 00:22:22,575 --> 00:22:25,044 TO STAY THERE. IT’S IN THEIR INTEREST BUT IT’S 733 00:22:25,044 --> 00:22:26,244 IT’S IN THEIR INTEREST BUT IT’S ALSO IN ALL OF OUR INTERET SO 734 00:22:26,244 --> 00:22:27,979 ALSO IN ALL OF OUR INTERET SO THAT THEY DON’T SPREAD THE 735 00:22:27,979 --> 00:22:28,981 THAT THEY DON’T SPREAD THE VIRUS. 736 00:22:28,981 --> 00:22:30,950 VIRUS. IN TERMS OF THE CONTACT TRACERS 737 00:22:30,950 --> 00:22:31,750 IN TERMS OF THE CONTACT TRACERS THEMSELVES, THEY’RE REALLY GOING 738 00:22:31,750 --> 00:22:34,354 THEMSELVES, THEY’RE REALLY GOING TO NEED FEDERAL, STATE, CITY, 739 00:22:34,354 --> 00:22:35,987 TO NEED FEDERAL, STATE, CITY, LOCAL EFFORT AT ALL LEVELS. 740 00:22:35,987 --> 00:22:37,956 LOCAL EFFORT AT ALL LEVELS. WE NEED GUIDANCE, TOOLS, 741 00:22:37,956 --> 00:22:39,158 WE NEED GUIDANCE, TOOLS, RESOURCES FROM THE FEDERAL 742 00:22:39,158 --> 00:22:39,458 RESOURCES FROM THE FEDERAL LEVEL. 743 00:22:39,458 --> 00:22:42,360 LEVEL. WE NEED, AT THE LOCAL LEVEL, 744 00:22:42,360 --> 00:22:43,196 WE NEED, AT THE LOCAL LEVEL, LOCAL LEADERSHIP AND IDENTIFY 745 00:22:43,196 --> 00:22:44,397 LOCAL LEADERSHIP AND IDENTIFY THE BEST PEOPLE. 746 00:22:44,397 --> 00:22:45,431 THE BEST PEOPLE. NOT EVERYONE HAS THE SKILL SET 747 00:22:45,431 --> 00:22:47,800 NOT EVERYONE HAS THE SKILL SET TO DO THIS. 748 00:22:47,800 --> 00:22:49,635 TO DO THIS. THERE IS AN OLD SAYING THAT 749 00:22:49,635 --> 00:22:51,604 THERE IS AN OLD SAYING THAT SOMEONE WHO DOES CONTACT 750 00:22:51,604 --> 00:22:54,005 SOMEONE WHO DOES CONTACT INVESTIGATIONS FOR SEXUALLY 751 00:22:54,005 --> 00:22:54,941 INVESTIGATIONS FOR SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, WHICH IS A 752 00:22:54,941 --> 00:22:58,444 TRANSMITTED DISEASES, WHICH IS A CORE PUBLIC HEALTH FUNCTION, CAN 753 00:22:58,444 --> 00:22:59,812 CORE PUBLIC HEALTH FUNCTION, CAN BE LISTED NAMES OF CONTACTS. 754 00:22:59,812 --> 00:23:00,480 BE LISTED NAMES OF CONTACTS. YOU REALLY DO HAVE TO GAIN 755 00:23:00,480 --> 00:23:02,681 YOU REALLY DO HAVE TO GAIN SOMEONE’S TRUST, AND HELP THEM 756 00:23:02,681 --> 00:23:07,253 SOMEONE’S TRUST, AND HELP THEM UNDERSTAND THAT THIS IS A 757 00:23:07,253 --> 00:23:07,920 UNDERSTAND THAT THIS IS A RESPONSIBILITY TO WARN OTHERS IF 758 00:23:07,920 --> 00:23:09,421 RESPONSIBILITY TO WARN OTHERS IF THEY MAY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED. 759 00:23:09,421 --> 00:23:10,789 THEY MAY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED. AND IF THEY BECOME MORE SICK, 760 00:23:10,789 --> 00:23:12,425 AND IF THEY BECOME MORE SICK, THEY WILL BE AT THE FRONT OF THE 761 00:23:12,425 --> 00:23:13,993 THEY WILL BE AT THE FRONT OF THE LINE FOR WHATEVER SERVICES THEY 762 00:23:13,993 --> 00:23:14,927 LINE FOR WHATEVER SERVICES THEY NEED, AND THEIR CONTACTS, IF 763 00:23:14,927 --> 00:23:17,596 NEED, AND THEIR CONTACTS, IF THEY ARE WORN, CAN PREVENT THE 764 00:23:17,596 --> 00:23:18,563 THEY ARE WORN, CAN PREVENT THE SPREAD OF DISEASE. 765 00:23:18,563 --> 00:23:21,000 SPREAD OF DISEASE. THAT IS SOMETHING THAT I THINK 766 00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:21,934 THAT IS SOMETHING THAT I THINK COMMUNITY LEADERS CAN HELP 767 00:23:21,934 --> 00:23:22,835 COMMUNITY LEADERS CAN HELP PEOPLE UNDERSTAND. 768 00:23:22,835 --> 00:23:24,170 PEOPLE UNDERSTAND. IF SOMEONE CALLS UP OR KNOCKS ON 769 00:23:24,170 --> 00:23:26,439 IF SOMEONE CALLS UP OR KNOCKS ON YOUR DOOR AND SAYS, YOU’VE BEEN 770 00:23:26,439 --> 00:23:27,406 YOUR DOOR AND SAYS, YOU’VE BEEN EXPOSED TO CORONAVIRUS, I THINK 771 00:23:27,406 --> 00:23:29,208 EXPOSED TO CORONAVIRUS, I THINK THAT IS REALLY SHOCKING FOR MOST 772 00:23:29,208 --> 00:23:29,942 THAT IS REALLY SHOCKING FOR MOST PEOPLE. 773 00:23:29,942 --> 00:23:32,344 PEOPLE. BUT MAYBE IF WE PUT IT IN THE 774 00:23:32,344 --> 00:23:32,845 BUT MAYBE IF WE PUT IT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF A HURRICANE 775 00:23:32,845 --> 00:23:33,346 FRAMEWORK OF A HURRICANE WARNING. 776 00:23:33,346 --> 00:23:34,414 WARNING. YOU WANT THE GOVERNMENT TO WARN 777 00:23:34,414 --> 00:23:35,648 YOU WANT THE GOVERNMENT TO WARN YOU IF A HURRICANE WAS 778 00:23:35,648 --> 00:23:37,082 YOU IF A HURRICANE WAS COMING SO THAT YOU CAN PROTECT 779 00:23:37,082 --> 00:23:39,551 COMING SO THAT YOU CAN PROTECT YOURSELF AND YOUR FAMILY. 780 00:23:39,551 --> 00:23:40,687 YOURSELF AND YOUR FAMILY. IN THE SAME WAY, YOU HAVE REALLY 781 00:23:40,687 --> 00:23:43,923 IN THE SAME WAY, YOU HAVE REALLY A RIGHT TO BE WARNED THAT YOU’VE 782 00:23:43,923 --> 00:23:45,557 A RIGHT TO BE WARNED THAT YOU’VE BEEN EXPOSED TO THIS VIRUS AND 783 00:23:45,557 --> 00:23:47,092 BEEN EXPOSED TO THIS VIRUS AND MIGHT BECOME VERY ILL, OR EVEN 784 00:23:47,092 --> 00:23:48,360 MIGHT BECOME VERY ILL, OR EVEN IF YOU DON’T BECOME ILL, YOU 785 00:23:48,360 --> 00:23:50,595 IF YOU DON’T BECOME ILL, YOU MIGHT SPREAD IT TO A FAMILY 786 00:23:50,595 --> 00:23:52,665 MIGHT SPREAD IT TO A FAMILY MEMBER. 787 00:23:52,665 --> 00:23:55,401 MEMBER. >> SO THIS IS A QUESTION FROM 788 00:23:55,401 --> 00:23:56,802 >> SO THIS IS A QUESTION FROM DEVON ON THE THREAD, WE ARE 789 00:23:56,802 --> 00:24:00,206 DEVON ON THE THREAD, WE ARE SAYING IT’S A TOUGH CALL, SAFETY 790 00:24:00,206 --> 00:24:01,407 SAYING IT’S A TOUGH CALL, SAFETY VERSUS PRIVACY AND BALANCING 791 00:24:01,407 --> 00:24:02,408 VERSUS PRIVACY AND BALANCING SOME OF THESE PROGRAMS. 792 00:24:02,408 --> 00:24:04,342 SOME OF THESE PROGRAMS. HOW DO YOU THINK ABOUT THAT IN 793 00:24:04,342 --> 00:24:05,477 HOW DO YOU THINK ABOUT THAT IN THE MANUAL APPROACH TO CONTACT 794 00:24:05,477 --> 00:24:06,479 THE MANUAL APPROACH TO CONTACT TRACING, AND SOME OF THE 795 00:24:06,479 --> 00:24:09,215 TRACING, AND SOME OF THE TECHNICAL APPROACHES THAT ARE 796 00:24:09,215 --> 00:24:09,748 TECHNICAL APPROACHES THAT ARE BEING PROPOSED? 797 00:24:09,748 --> 00:24:11,783 BEING PROPOSED? >> THERE IS AN OLD SAYING THAT 798 00:24:11,783 --> 00:24:13,186 >> THERE IS AN OLD SAYING THAT YOUR RIGHT TO SWING YOUR FIST 799 00:24:13,186 --> 00:24:15,921 YOUR RIGHT TO SWING YOUR FIST ENDS AT MY NOSE. 800 00:24:15,921 --> 00:24:17,122 ENDS AT MY NOSE. SO, YOU HAVE A RIGHT TO DO WHAT 801 00:24:17,122 --> 00:24:19,192 SO, YOU HAVE A RIGHT TO DO WHAT YOU WANT TO DO, BUT YOU DON’T 802 00:24:19,192 --> 00:24:20,025 YOU WANT TO DO, BUT YOU DON’T HAVE A RIGHT TO SPREAD DISEASE 803 00:24:20,025 --> 00:24:22,360 HAVE A RIGHT TO SPREAD DISEASE THAT AFFECTS ME. 804 00:24:22,360 --> 00:24:24,764 THAT AFFECTS ME. AND I THINK THAT IS A CORE 805 00:24:24,764 --> 00:24:27,166 AND I THINK THAT IS A CORE PUBLIC HEALTH PRINCIPLE, AND 806 00:24:27,166 --> 00:24:28,033 PUBLIC HEALTH PRINCIPLE, AND THEREFORE, SOMEONE WHO WHO IS 807 00:24:28,033 --> 00:24:31,004 THEREFORE, SOMEONE WHO WHO IS INFECTIOUS WITH THIS VIRUS NEEDS 808 00:24:31,004 --> 00:24:31,637 INFECTIOUS WITH THIS VIRUS NEEDS TO ENSURE THAT THEY DON’T SPREAD 809 00:24:31,637 --> 00:24:34,006 TO ENSURE THAT THEY DON’T SPREAD IT TO OTHERS TO THE GREATEST 810 00:24:34,006 --> 00:24:36,776 IT TO OTHERS TO THE GREATEST POTENTIAL POSSIBLE, EVEN IF THEY 811 00:24:36,776 --> 00:24:38,544 POTENTIAL POSSIBLE, EVEN IF THEY ARE NOT VERY SICK FROM IT, 812 00:24:38,544 --> 00:24:39,945 ARE NOT VERY SICK FROM IT, SOMEONE ELSE COULD DIE FROM IT. 813 00:24:39,945 --> 00:24:41,380 SOMEONE ELSE COULD DIE FROM IT. AND THAT IS THE ETHICAL 814 00:24:41,380 --> 00:24:42,548 AND THAT IS THE ETHICAL PRINCIPLE THAT UNDERLIES THIS. 815 00:24:42,548 --> 00:24:43,816 PRINCIPLE THAT UNDERLIES THIS. THAT WE ARE TRYING TO PROTECT AS 816 00:24:43,816 --> 00:24:46,819 THAT WE ARE TRYING TO PROTECT AS MANY PEOPLE AS POSSIBLE, PREVENT 817 00:24:46,819 --> 00:24:48,587 MANY PEOPLE AS POSSIBLE, PREVENT AS MUCH SUFFERING, ILLNESS, AND 818 00:24:48,587 --> 00:24:49,555 AS MUCH SUFFERING, ILLNESS, AND DEATH AS POSSIBLE. 819 00:24:49,555 --> 00:24:51,623 DEATH AS POSSIBLE. AND YES, THAT MAY REQUIRE ASKING 820 00:24:51,623 --> 00:24:53,325 AND YES, THAT MAY REQUIRE ASKING YOU, HEY, THINK BACK TO THE TWO 821 00:24:53,325 --> 00:24:55,860 YOU, HEY, THINK BACK TO THE TWO DAYS BEFORE YOU WERE SICK UNTIL 822 00:24:55,860 --> 00:24:58,197 DAYS BEFORE YOU WERE SICK UNTIL TODAY WHEN YOU’RE ISOLATED. 823 00:24:58,197 --> 00:25:00,131 TODAY WHEN YOU’RE ISOLATED. NOW DURING ALL OF THAT TIME, WHO 824 00:25:00,131 --> 00:25:01,800 NOW DURING ALL OF THAT TIME, WHO WERE THE PEOPLE THAT YOU WERE 825 00:25:01,800 --> 00:25:02,400 WERE THE PEOPLE THAT YOU WERE PHYSICALLY CLOSE TO WHO MIGHT 826 00:25:02,400 --> 00:25:05,038 PHYSICALLY CLOSE TO WHO MIGHT HAVE GOTTEN EXPOSED, AND I’M 827 00:25:05,038 --> 00:25:06,771 HAVE GOTTEN EXPOSED, AND I’M GOING TO CONTACT THEM ONE BY 828 00:25:06,771 --> 00:25:08,707 GOING TO CONTACT THEM ONE BY ONE, OR WORK WITH YOU TO CONTACT 829 00:25:08,707 --> 00:25:10,009 ONE, OR WORK WITH YOU TO CONTACT THEM ONE BY ONE TO WARN THEM SO 830 00:25:10,009 --> 00:25:12,878 THEM ONE BY ONE TO WARN THEM SO THAT THEY CAN QUARANTINE AND WE 831 00:25:12,878 --> 00:25:14,412 THAT THEY CAN QUARANTINE AND WE CAN STOP THIS CHAIN OF 832 00:25:14,412 --> 00:25:15,014 CAN STOP THIS CHAIN OF TRANSMISSION. 833 00:25:15,014 --> 00:25:16,648 TRANSMISSION. OTHERWISE, IT CAN EXPLODE. 834 00:25:16,648 --> 00:25:18,450 OTHERWISE, IT CAN EXPLODE. IT’S VERY HARD FOR PEOPLE TO GET 835 00:25:18,450 --> 00:25:19,918 IT’S VERY HARD FOR PEOPLE TO GET THEIR MIND AROUND EXPONENTIAL 836 00:25:19,918 --> 00:25:20,486 THEIR MIND AROUND EXPONENTIAL GROWTH. 837 00:25:20,486 --> 00:25:22,887 GROWTH. BUT WHAT WE HAVE THE RISK OF 838 00:25:22,887 --> 00:25:23,922 BUT WHAT WE HAVE THE RISK OF HERE IS EXPONENTIAL GROWTH, AND 839 00:25:23,922 --> 00:25:26,793 HERE IS EXPONENTIAL GROWTH, AND IF YOU DON’T DO THE QUICK 840 00:25:26,793 --> 00:25:28,995 IF YOU DON’T DO THE QUICK TESTING, ISOLATION, CONTACT 841 00:25:28,995 --> 00:25:30,263 TESTING, ISOLATION, CONTACT TRACING, AND QUARANTINE, THAT 842 00:25:30,263 --> 00:25:30,929 TRACING, AND QUARANTINE, THAT EXPONENTIAL GROWTH WILL 843 00:25:30,929 --> 00:25:31,363 EXPONENTIAL GROWTH WILL CONTINUE. 844 00:25:31,363 --> 00:25:34,567 CONTINUE. OR WHEN WE GET BACK INTO 845 00:25:34,567 --> 00:25:35,167 OR WHEN WE GET BACK INTO SOCIETY, RESUME. 846 00:25:35,167 --> 00:25:38,670 SOCIETY, RESUME. >> SO, ON THE QUESTION OF 847 00:25:38,670 --> 00:25:39,304 >> SO, ON THE QUESTION OF RESUMING LIFE, THERE’S A LOT OF 848 00:25:39,304 --> 00:25:40,273 RESUMING LIFE, THERE’S A LOT OF QUESTIONS FROM JOE, JENNIFER, 849 00:25:40,273 --> 00:25:42,341 QUESTIONS FROM JOE, JENNIFER, EVERYONE HAS SOMETHING THAT THEY 850 00:25:42,341 --> 00:25:44,175 EVERYONE HAS SOMETHING THAT THEY NEED TO GET BACK TO YOU. 851 00:25:44,175 --> 00:25:46,678 NEED TO GET BACK TO YOU. WHETHER T’S THEIR JOB, THAT’S 852 00:25:46,678 --> 00:25:48,548 WHETHER T’S THEIR JOB, THAT’S CURRENTLY NONESSENTIAL, GETTING 853 00:25:48,548 --> 00:25:52,351 CURRENTLY NONESSENTIAL, GETTING THEIR KIDS TO SCHOOL, SEEING 854 00:25:52,351 --> 00:25:53,986 THEIR KIDS TO SCHOOL, SEEING THEIR ELDERLY PARENTS. 855 00:25:53,986 --> 00:25:54,953 THEIR ELDERLY PARENTS. LIKE, I’VE SEEN PEOPLE RIGHT 856 00:25:54,953 --> 00:25:57,455 LIKE, I’VE SEEN PEOPLE RIGHT ABOUT SORT OF A PHASE BACK 857 00:25:57,455 --> 00:25:57,723 ABOUT SORT OF A PHASE BACK RESPONSE. 858 00:25:57,723 --> 00:26:01,326 RESPONSE. HOW SHOULD WE THINK ABOUT WHEN 859 00:26:01,326 --> 00:26:02,628 HOW SHOULD WE THINK ABOUT WHEN THESE DIFFERENT PARTS OF LIFE 860 00:26:02,628 --> 00:26:04,597 THESE DIFFERENT PARTS OF LIFE WILL PHASE BACK IN? 861 00:26:04,597 --> 00:26:06,899 WILL PHASE BACK IN? >> I DO THINK IT IS A QUESTION 862 00:26:06,899 --> 00:26:09,201 >> I DO THINK IT IS A QUESTION OF GRADUALLY LOOSENING THE 863 00:26:09,201 --> 00:26:09,934 OF GRADUALLY LOOSENING THE FAUCET RATHER THAN LETTING THE 864 00:26:09,934 --> 00:26:12,572 FAUCET RATHER THAN LETTING THE FLOODGATES OPEN ON ACTIVITY AND 865 00:26:12,572 --> 00:26:13,772 FLOODGATES OPEN ON ACTIVITY AND THAT WAY WE CAN TRACK IT. 866 00:26:13,772 --> 00:26:15,508 THAT WAY WE CAN TRACK IT. IF THINGS GET OUT OF HAND, WE 867 00:26:15,508 --> 00:26:17,209 IF THINGS GET OUT OF HAND, WE CAN TIGHTEN IT AGAIN. 868 00:26:17,209 --> 00:26:18,476 CAN TIGHTEN IT AGAIN. OLDER PEOPLE, PEOPLE WHO ARE 869 00:26:18,476 --> 00:26:19,512 OLDER PEOPLE, PEOPLE WHO ARE MEDICALLY VULNERABLE, THEY’RE 870 00:26:19,512 --> 00:26:22,714 MEDICALLY VULNERABLE, THEY’RE GOING TO NEED TO 871 00:26:22,714 --> 00:26:24,584 GOING TO NEED TO SHELTER-IN-PLACE FOR A LOT 872 00:26:24,584 --> 00:26:24,950 SHELTER-IN-PLACE FOR A LOT LONGER. 873 00:26:24,950 --> 00:26:26,985 LONGER. YOUNGER PEOPLE, IN A PHASED WAY 874 00:26:26,985 --> 00:26:28,186 YOUNGER PEOPLE, IN A PHASED WAY WHEN ALL THE OTHER CONDITIONS 875 00:26:28,186 --> 00:26:29,921 WHEN ALL THE OTHER CONDITIONS ARE MET, MAY BE ABLE TO COME OUT 876 00:26:29,921 --> 00:26:32,024 ARE MET, MAY BE ABLE TO COME OUT MORE READILY, BUT TO A 877 00:26:32,024 --> 00:26:33,592 MORE READILY, BUT TO A DIFFERENT, NEW NORMAL, WHERE WE 878 00:26:33,592 --> 00:26:37,029 DIFFERENT, NEW NORMAL, WHERE WE ARE RISKING CONTACT LESS. 879 00:26:37,029 --> 00:26:39,198 ARE RISKING CONTACT LESS. AND IN DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES, 880 00:26:39,198 --> 00:26:41,733 AND IN DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES, DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES WILL BE 881 00:26:41,733 --> 00:26:42,267 DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES WILL BE PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT OR 882 00:26:42,267 --> 00:26:43,335 PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT OR STRATEGIC. 883 00:26:43,335 --> 00:26:44,303 STRATEGIC. ONE ISSUE IS DAY CARE. 884 00:26:44,303 --> 00:26:46,004 ONE ISSUE IS DAY CARE. A LOT OF PARENTS HAVE DIFFICULTY 885 00:26:46,004 --> 00:26:48,006 A LOT OF PARENTS HAVE DIFFICULTY WORKING, WHETHER AT HOME OR 886 00:26:48,006 --> 00:26:50,142 WORKING, WHETHER AT HOME OR OUTSIDE, BECAUSE OF THE LACK OF 887 00:26:50,142 --> 00:26:50,409 OUTSIDE, BECAUSE OF THE LACK OF DAY CARE. 888 00:26:50,409 --> 00:26:51,976 DAY CARE. YOUNG KIDS DON’T OFTEN GET 889 00:26:51,976 --> 00:26:53,212 YOUNG KIDS DON’T OFTEN GET SEVERELY ILL FROM THIS. 890 00:26:53,212 --> 00:26:55,148 SEVERELY ILL FROM THIS. SO YOU MIGHT WANT TO OPEN YOUR 891 00:26:55,148 --> 00:26:57,282 SO YOU MIGHT WANT TO OPEN YOUR DAY CARES IN A PHASED WAY, BUT 892 00:26:57,282 --> 00:26:58,717 DAY CARES IN A PHASED WAY, BUT ENSURE THAT NO KIDS WHO ARE 893 00:26:58,717 --> 00:27:00,085 ENSURE THAT NO KIDS WHO ARE MEDICALLY VULNERABLE GO THERE, 894 00:27:00,085 --> 00:27:02,588 MEDICALLY VULNERABLE GO THERE, AND NO STAFF WHO ARE MEDICALLY 895 00:27:02,588 --> 00:27:04,089 AND NO STAFF WHO ARE MEDICALLY VULNERABLE ARE STAFFING THE DAY 896 00:27:04,089 --> 00:27:04,289 VULNERABLE ARE STAFFING THE DAY CARES. 897 00:27:04,289 --> 00:27:06,091 CARES. SO, THERE ARE WAYS TO DO THIS 898 00:27:06,091 --> 00:27:08,694 SO, THERE ARE WAYS TO DO THIS THAT WE CAN GRADUALLY REOPEN. 899 00:27:08,694 --> 00:27:09,895 THAT WE CAN GRADUALLY REOPEN. AND IT SHOULD BE DIFFERENT IN 900 00:27:09,895 --> 00:27:11,496 AND IT SHOULD BE DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE COUNTRY, 901 00:27:11,496 --> 00:27:13,499 DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE COUNTRY, AT DIFFERENT TIMES, BUT EVERY 902 00:27:13,499 --> 00:27:14,667 AT DIFFERENT TIMES, BUT EVERY PART OF THE COUNTRY NEEDS TO BE 903 00:27:14,667 --> 00:27:16,768 PART OF THE COUNTRY NEEDS TO BE ABLE TO TRACK TO SEE WHETHER 904 00:27:16,768 --> 00:27:17,769 ABLE TO TRACK TO SEE WHETHER THEY’VE GOT VIRUS SPREAD, HOW 905 00:27:17,769 --> 00:27:19,738 THEY’VE GOT VIRUS SPREAD, HOW STRONG THEIR HEALTH CARE SYSTEM 906 00:27:19,738 --> 00:27:21,373 STRONG THEIR HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IS, AND WHETHER THEY HAVE THE 907 00:27:21,373 --> 00:27:22,841 IS, AND WHETHER THEY HAVE THE PUBLIC HEALTH CAPACITY TO BOX IT 908 00:27:22,841 --> 00:27:25,410 PUBLIC HEALTH CAPACITY TO BOX IT IN AND KEEP THE VIRUS IN A BOX. 909 00:27:25,410 --> 00:27:30,949 IN AND KEEP THE VIRUS IN A BOX. >> SO, WHEN YOU TRACK TALK ABOUT 910 00:27:30,949 --> 00:27:33,051 >> SO, WHEN YOU TRACK TALK ABOUT TRACKING THE SPREAD OF IT, HOW 911 00:27:33,051 --> 00:27:35,020 TRACKING THE SPREAD OF IT, HOW MUCH OF THAT COMES DOWN TO 912 00:27:35,020 --> 00:27:37,089 MUCH OF THAT COMES DOWN TO BROAD-BASED TESTING OF THE 913 00:27:37,089 --> 00:27:38,624 BROAD-BASED TESTING OF THE POPULATION, AND BASICALLY HAVING 914 00:27:38,624 --> 00:27:41,360 POPULATION, AND BASICALLY HAVING THE ABILITY TO TEST MORE 915 00:27:41,360 --> 00:27:43,061 THE ABILITY TO TEST MORE BROADLY, VERSUS HOW MUCH OF THIS 916 00:27:43,061 --> 00:27:47,200 BROADLY, VERSUS HOW MUCH OF THIS IS JUST AGGREGATE DATA ON A 917 00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:47,600 IS JUST AGGREGATE DATA ON A POPULATION LEVEL? 918 00:27:47,600 --> 00:27:50,403 POPULATION LEVEL? LIKE THE SYMPTOM SURVEYS THAT 919 00:27:50,403 --> 00:27:52,837 LIKE THE SYMPTOM SURVEYS THAT WE’VE STARTED ROLLING OUT ON 920 00:27:52,837 --> 00:27:53,372 WE’VE STARTED ROLLING OUT ON FACEBOOK. 921 00:27:53,372 --> 00:27:54,239 FACEBOOK. MORE BROADLY, YOU CAN ASK PEOPLE 922 00:27:54,239 --> 00:27:57,943 MORE BROADLY, YOU CAN ASK PEOPLE IF THEY ARE FEELING SYMPTOMS, 923 00:27:57,943 --> 00:27:59,912 IF THEY ARE FEELING SYMPTOMS, FEVER, SHORTNESS OF BREATH, LOSS 924 00:27:59,912 --> 00:28:01,247 FEVER, SHORTNESS OF BREATH, LOSS OF SMELL, DIFFERENT THINGS THAT 925 00:28:01,247 --> 00:28:03,582 OF SMELL, DIFFERENT THINGS THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH COVID AND 926 00:28:03,582 --> 00:28:04,616 ARE ASSOCIATED WITH COVID AND CAN BASICALLY PRODUCE A COUNTY 927 00:28:04,616 --> 00:28:09,321 CAN BASICALLY PRODUCE A COUNTY BY COUNTY MAP ON A DAY-TO-DAY 928 00:28:09,321 --> 00:28:10,622 BY COUNTY MAP ON A DAY-TO-DAY BASIS OF WHERE THERE ARE SURGES 929 00:28:10,622 --> 00:28:11,423 BASIS OF WHERE THERE ARE SURGES AND PEOPLE FEELING SYMPTOMS. 930 00:28:11,423 --> 00:28:13,458 AND PEOPLE FEELING SYMPTOMS. WHAT TYPES OF TOOLS DO YOU THINK 931 00:28:13,458 --> 00:28:17,729 WHAT TYPES OF TOOLS DO YOU THINK ARE NECESSARY IN ORDER TO HAVE A 932 00:28:17,729 --> 00:28:18,797 ARE NECESSARY IN ORDER TO HAVE A CLEAR ENOUGH PICTURE OF WHAT’S 933 00:28:18,797 --> 00:28:20,499 CLEAR ENOUGH PICTURE OF WHAT’S GOING ON IN ORDER TO MAKE THE 934 00:28:20,499 --> 00:28:21,533 GOING ON IN ORDER TO MAKE THE KIND OF PUBLIC HEALTH DECISIONS 935 00:28:21,533 --> 00:28:23,269 KIND OF PUBLIC HEALTH DECISIONS THAT NEED TO BE MADE ON THESE 936 00:28:23,269 --> 00:28:24,937 THAT NEED TO BE MADE ON THESE POLICIES WERE OPENING AND 937 00:28:24,937 --> 00:28:25,370 POLICIES WERE OPENING AND CLOSING THE FAUCET? 938 00:28:25,370 --> 00:28:28,039 CLOSING THE FAUCET? >> WE ARE GOING TO HAVE TO 939 00:28:28,039 --> 00:28:28,674 >> WE ARE GOING TO HAVE TO CONTINUOUSLY AND INTERMITTENTLY 940 00:28:28,674 --> 00:28:32,611 CONTINUOUSLY AND INTERMITTENTLY GET BETTER AT TRACKING THE 941 00:28:32,611 --> 00:28:33,212 GET BETTER AT TRACKING THE VIRUS. 942 00:28:33,212 --> 00:28:34,312 VIRUS. FIGURING OUT THE BETTER DATA 943 00:28:34,312 --> 00:28:36,148 FIGURING OUT THE BETTER DATA STREAMS THAT WILL MAKE THINGS 944 00:28:36,148 --> 00:28:36,415 STREAMS THAT WILL MAKE THINGS DIFFERENT. 945 00:28:36,415 --> 00:28:40,753 DIFFERENT. THE MOST GRUESOME ONE IS DEATHS. 946 00:28:40,753 --> 00:28:43,388 THE MOST GRUESOME ONE IS DEATHS. AND DEATHS FROM COVID ARE A LATE 947 00:28:43,388 --> 00:28:44,089 AND DEATHS FROM COVID ARE A LATE INDICATOR, BUT ARE AN IMPORTANT 948 00:28:44,089 --> 00:28:45,190 INDICATOR, BUT ARE AN IMPORTANT ONE TO TRACK. 949 00:28:45,190 --> 00:28:47,193 ONE TO TRACK. AND GLOBALLY, WE STILL DON’T 950 00:28:47,193 --> 00:28:47,526 AND GLOBALLY, WE STILL DON’T COUNT DEATHS. 951 00:28:47,526 --> 00:28:50,863 COUNT DEATHS. THERE ARE STILL LARGE PARTS OF 952 00:28:50,863 --> 00:28:52,331 THERE ARE STILL LARGE PARTS OF THE WORLD WHERE REAL-TIME OR 953 00:28:52,331 --> 00:28:53,264 THE WORLD WHERE REAL-TIME OR REALLY ANY TIME COLLECTION OF 954 00:28:53,264 --> 00:28:55,934 REALLY ANY TIME COLLECTION OF DATA ON WHO IS DYING, HOW 955 00:28:55,934 --> 00:28:58,336 DATA ON WHO IS DYING, HOW MANY PEOPLE, WHERE, AND FROM 956 00:28:58,336 --> 00:29:00,071 MANY PEOPLE, WHERE, AND FROM WHAT, IS NOT AVAILABLE. 957 00:29:00,071 --> 00:29:02,607 WHAT, IS NOT AVAILABLE. SO THAT IS VERY IMPORTANT. 958 00:29:02,607 --> 00:29:05,110 SO THAT IS VERY IMPORTANT. THERE WAS AN ANALYSIS TO SAYS 959 00:29:05,110 --> 00:29:07,412 THERE WAS AN ANALYSIS TO SAYS THE DEATH RATE IS A FACT, 960 00:29:07,412 --> 00:29:08,379 THE DEATH RATE IS A FACT, EVERYTHING ELSE IS IN INFERENCE. 961 00:29:08,379 --> 00:29:09,215 EVERYTHING ELSE IS IN INFERENCE. THERE ARE OTHER THINGS WE CAN 962 00:29:09,215 --> 00:29:12,317 THERE ARE OTHER THINGS WE CAN LOOK AT. 963 00:29:12,317 --> 00:29:14,520 LOOK AT. TESTING, TEST RESULTS, WHAT 964 00:29:14,520 --> 00:29:15,153 TESTING, TEST RESULTS, WHAT PROPORTION OF PEOPLE TEST 965 00:29:15,153 --> 00:29:16,354 PROPORTION OF PEOPLE TEST POSITIVE, WHAT PROPORTION OF 966 00:29:16,354 --> 00:29:17,990 POSITIVE, WHAT PROPORTION OF PEOPLE WITH COUGH AND FEVER TEST 967 00:29:17,990 --> 00:29:18,690 PEOPLE WITH COUGH AND FEVER TEST POSITIVE. 968 00:29:18,690 --> 00:29:19,925 POSITIVE. WE CAN LEARN FROM INFLUENZA, 969 00:29:19,925 --> 00:29:22,561 WE CAN LEARN FROM INFLUENZA, WHERE WE HAVE VERY GOOD 970 00:29:22,561 --> 00:29:23,762 WHERE WE HAVE VERY GOOD SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS. 971 00:29:23,762 --> 00:29:24,696 SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS. THERE IS A VERY GOOD 972 00:29:24,696 --> 00:29:25,731 THERE IS A VERY GOOD SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM THAT LOOKS 973 00:29:25,731 --> 00:29:27,266 SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM THAT LOOKS AT THE CHIEF COMPLAINT, WHAT 974 00:29:27,266 --> 00:29:28,366 AT THE CHIEF COMPLAINT, WHAT PEOPLE COMPLAIN OF OR SAY THEY 975 00:29:28,366 --> 00:29:29,702 PEOPLE COMPLAIN OF OR SAY THEY ARE SICK WITH WHEN THEY GO INTO 976 00:29:29,702 --> 00:29:31,770 ARE SICK WITH WHEN THEY GO INTO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS. 977 00:29:31,770 --> 00:29:33,739 THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS. AND WHEN YOU ANALYZE THEM, AND 978 00:29:33,739 --> 00:29:36,542 AND WHEN YOU ANALYZE THEM, AND MAYBE WE SHOULD ADD "CAN’T 979 00:29:36,542 --> 00:29:38,076 MAYBE WE SHOULD ADD "CAN’T SMELL" OR "CAN’T TASTE" TO THAT, 980 00:29:38,076 --> 00:29:39,211 SMELL" OR "CAN’T TASTE" TO THAT, YOU CAN GET AN EARLY WARNING 981 00:29:39,211 --> 00:29:42,014 YOU CAN GET AN EARLY WARNING ABOUT WHAT IS HAPPENING, AND AN 982 00:29:42,014 --> 00:29:42,981 ABOUT WHAT IS HAPPENING, AND AN EARLY INDICATION THAT THINGS ARE 983 00:29:42,981 --> 00:29:46,384 EARLY INDICATION THAT THINGS ARE MAY BE GETTING BETTER. 984 00:29:46,384 --> 00:29:47,586 MAY BE GETTING BETTER. SYMPTOM SURVEYS HAVE A LOT OF 985 00:29:47,586 --> 00:29:48,487 SYMPTOM SURVEYS HAVE A LOT OF PROMISE, AND WE ARE LOOKING 986 00:29:48,487 --> 00:29:49,554 PROMISE, AND WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD TO SEEING IF THEY 987 00:29:49,554 --> 00:29:49,989 FORWARD TO SEEING IF THEY CORRELATE. 988 00:29:49,989 --> 00:29:50,956 CORRELATE. WE WILL HAVE TO TUNE THESE 989 00:29:50,956 --> 00:29:53,158 WE WILL HAVE TO TUNE THESE THINGS AND FIGURE OUT HOW THEY 990 00:29:53,158 --> 00:29:56,261 THINGS AND FIGURE OUT HOW THEY WORK TO TRACK THE VIRUS ACTIVITY 991 00:29:56,261 --> 00:29:56,661 WORK TO TRACK THE VIRUS ACTIVITY ACTIVITY. 992 00:29:56,661 --> 00:29:58,363 ACTIVITY. >> YEAH, SINCE WE’VE BEEN 993 00:29:58,363 --> 00:30:00,365 >> YEAH, SINCE WE’VE BEEN WORKING TOGETHER WE’VE SPENT 994 00:30:00,365 --> 00:30:02,000 WORKING TOGETHER WE’VE SPENT SOME TIME TALKING ABOUT 995 00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:03,869 SOME TIME TALKING ABOUT PANDEMICS AND PANDEMIC 996 00:30:03,869 --> 00:30:04,503 PANDEMICS AND PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS. 997 00:30:04,503 --> 00:30:06,238 PREPAREDNESS. YOU ALSO MENTIONED IN YOUR OP-ED 998 00:30:06,238 --> 00:30:07,939 YOU ALSO MENTIONED IN YOUR OP-ED AND JUST NOW, HOW DO WE NEED TO 999 00:30:07,939 --> 00:30:10,008 AND JUST NOW, HOW DO WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO DETECT DISEASES EARLY 1000 00:30:10,008 --> 00:30:14,547 BE ABLE TO DETECT DISEASES EARLY ON IN ORDER TO PREVENT DISEASES 1001 00:30:14,547 --> 00:30:15,647 ON IN ORDER TO PREVENT DISEASES SPREADING LIKE THIS GOING 1002 00:30:15,647 --> 00:30:16,981 SPREADING LIKE THIS GOING FORWARD. 1003 00:30:16,981 --> 00:30:19,385 FORWARD. OR EVEN TO LESSER DEGREES. 1004 00:30:19,385 --> 00:30:21,419 OR EVEN TO LESSER DEGREES. THIS IS SOMETHING THAT WE ARE 1005 00:30:21,419 --> 00:30:23,089 THIS IS SOMETHING THAT WE ARE REALLY INTERESTED IN SUPPORTING 1006 00:30:23,089 --> 00:30:26,391 REALLY INTERESTED IN SUPPORTING AND SUPPORTING AT THE 1007 00:30:26,391 --> 00:30:27,159 AND SUPPORTING AT THE CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE. 1008 00:30:27,159 --> 00:30:28,360 CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE. WHAT DO YOU THINK THAT SHOULD 1009 00:30:28,360 --> 00:30:30,995 WHAT DO YOU THINK THAT SHOULD LOOK LIKE IN AN IDEAL WORLD? 1010 00:30:30,995 --> 00:30:32,097 LOOK LIKE IN AN IDEAL WORLD? THAT EARLY DETECTION SYSTEM. 1011 00:30:32,097 --> 00:30:33,732 THAT EARLY DETECTION SYSTEM. >> REALLY IT’S LIKE A SMOKE 1012 00:30:33,732 --> 00:30:34,766 >> REALLY IT’S LIKE A SMOKE ALARM OR SPRINKLER SYSTEM IN A 1013 00:30:34,766 --> 00:30:35,734 ALARM OR SPRINKLER SYSTEM IN A BUILDING. 1014 00:30:35,734 --> 00:30:37,169 BUILDING. ALL OVER THE WORLD, THERE ARE 1015 00:30:37,169 --> 00:30:39,171 ALL OVER THE WORLD, THERE ARE COUNTRIES THAT HAVE HUGE GAPS IN 1016 00:30:39,171 --> 00:30:41,740 COUNTRIES THAT HAVE HUGE GAPS IN THEIR ABILITY TO FIND, STOP, AND 1017 00:30:41,740 --> 00:30:45,977 THEIR ABILITY TO FIND, STOP, AND PREVENT HEALTH SPREADS FROM 1018 00:30:45,977 --> 00:30:46,244 PREVENT HEALTH SPREADS FROM SPREADING. 1019 00:30:46,244 --> 00:30:47,946 SPREADING. WHAT WE ARE SEEING IS FROM YOUR 1020 00:30:47,946 --> 00:30:50,349 WHAT WE ARE SEEING IS FROM YOUR SUPPORT AND THE SUPPORT OF 1021 00:30:50,349 --> 00:30:50,583 SUPPORT AND THE SUPPORT OF OTHERS, 1022 00:30:50,583 --> 00:30:51,183 OTHERS, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND 1023 00:30:51,183 --> 00:30:53,518 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND OTHERS HAVE BUILT NOW A CLEAR 1024 00:30:53,518 --> 00:30:54,719 OTHERS HAVE BUILT NOW A CLEAR SENSE OF WHERE WE ARE BEST 1025 00:30:54,719 --> 00:30:57,989 SENSE OF WHERE WE ARE BEST PREPARED AND WHERE WE HAVE GAPS. 1026 00:30:57,989 --> 00:31:00,092 PREPARED AND WHERE WE HAVE GAPS. OUR ORGANIZATION, RESOLVED TO 1027 00:31:00,092 --> 00:31:02,595 OUR ORGANIZATION, RESOLVED TO SAVE LIVES AS A PREVENTATIVE 1028 00:31:02,595 --> 00:31:04,762 SAVE LIVES AS A PREVENTATIVE EPIDEMICS INITIATIVE AND ON THAT 1029 00:31:04,762 --> 00:31:05,197 EPIDEMICS INITIATIVE AND ON THAT WEBSITE WE HAVE PUT 1030 00:31:05,197 --> 00:31:07,833 WEBSITE WE HAVE PUT TRANSPARENTLY WHERE THE GAPS 1031 00:31:07,833 --> 00:31:08,233 TRANSPARENTLY WHERE THE GAPS ARE. 1032 00:31:08,233 --> 00:31:12,203 ARE. AND WE’VE NOW SEEN OVER 112 1033 00:31:12,203 --> 00:31:13,738 AND WE’VE NOW SEEN OVER 112 COUNTRIES GO THROUGH A RIGOROUS, 1034 00:31:13,738 --> 00:31:16,041 COUNTRIES GO THROUGH A RIGOROUS, EXTERNALLY VALIDATED EVALUATION 1035 00:31:16,041 --> 00:31:18,878 EXTERNALLY VALIDATED EVALUATION OF HOW READY THEY ARE. 1036 00:31:18,878 --> 00:31:20,946 OF HOW READY THEY ARE. AND THOSE REPORT CARDS HAVE 1037 00:31:20,946 --> 00:31:22,414 AND THOSE REPORT CARDS HAVE IDENTIFIED CLOSE TO 10,000 1038 00:31:22,414 --> 00:31:23,048 IDENTIFIED CLOSE TO 10,000 LIFE-THREATENING GAPS ALL AROUND 1039 00:31:23,048 --> 00:31:25,517 LIFE-THREATENING GAPS ALL AROUND THE WORLD. 1040 00:31:25,517 --> 00:31:27,018 THE WORLD. AND IF THAT ALARM SYSTEM AND 1041 00:31:27,018 --> 00:31:30,088 AND IF THAT ALARM SYSTEM AND SPRINKLER SYSTEM ISN’T WORKING 1042 00:31:30,088 --> 00:31:31,323 SPRINKLER SYSTEM ISN’T WORKING ANYWHERE, ALL OF US ARE LESS 1043 00:31:31,323 --> 00:31:32,724 ANYWHERE, ALL OF US ARE LESS SAFE. 1044 00:31:32,724 --> 00:31:33,525 SAFE. SO ONE THING I’M OPTIMISTIC 1045 00:31:33,525 --> 00:31:35,894 SO ONE THING I’M OPTIMISTIC ABOUT IS COMING OUT OF THIS 1046 00:31:35,894 --> 00:31:37,229 ABOUT IS COMING OUT OF THIS TERRIBLE PANDEMIC, THERE WILL BE 1047 00:31:37,229 --> 00:31:38,262 TERRIBLE PANDEMIC, THERE WILL BE A GLOBAL RECOGNITION THAT WE 1048 00:31:38,262 --> 00:31:40,365 A GLOBAL RECOGNITION THAT WE NEED TO TAKE THAT MAP THAT LOOKS 1049 00:31:40,365 --> 00:31:41,634 NEED TO TAKE THAT MAP THAT LOOKS RED AND YELLOW AND MOST OF THE 1050 00:31:41,634 --> 00:31:43,968 RED AND YELLOW AND MOST OF THE WORLD NOW, AND TURN IT GREEN FOR 1051 00:31:43,968 --> 00:31:45,171 WORLD NOW, AND TURN IT GREEN FOR PREPAREDNESS. 1052 00:31:45,171 --> 00:31:47,272 PREPAREDNESS. AND THAT MEANS LABORATORY 1053 00:31:47,272 --> 00:31:50,175 AND THAT MEANS LABORATORY NETWORKS, TRAINING 1054 00:31:50,175 --> 00:31:51,410 NETWORKS, TRAINING EPIDEMIOLOGISTS, RAPID RESPONSE 1055 00:31:51,410 --> 00:31:52,878 EPIDEMIOLOGISTS, RAPID RESPONSE TEAMS, EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION, 1056 00:31:52,878 --> 00:31:54,779 TEAMS, EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION, COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, IDENTIFY 1057 00:31:54,779 --> 00:31:56,081 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, IDENTIFY HOT SPOTS AROUND THE WORLD 1058 00:31:56,081 --> 00:31:56,982 HOT SPOTS AROUND THE WORLD WHERE, IF THE DISEASE DID 1059 00:31:56,982 --> 00:31:58,717 WHERE, IF THE DISEASE DID EMERGE, WE WOULDN’T BE ABLE TO 1060 00:31:58,717 --> 00:31:59,385 EMERGE, WE WOULDN’T BE ABLE TO CONTROL IT. 1061 00:31:59,385 --> 00:32:00,118 CONTROL IT. AND THEN REALLY COHESIVELY 1062 00:32:00,118 --> 00:32:02,688 AND THEN REALLY COHESIVELY COMING TOGETHER AS A WORLD TO 1063 00:32:02,688 --> 00:32:04,957 COMING TOGETHER AS A WORLD TO RECOGNIZE, WE ARE ALL IN THIS 1064 00:32:04,957 --> 00:32:05,424 RECOGNIZE, WE ARE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER. 1065 00:32:05,424 --> 00:32:07,359 TOGETHER. WE ARE ALL IN THIS FIGHTING A 1066 00:32:07,359 --> 00:32:08,126 WE ARE ALL IN THIS FIGHTING A VIRUS, THAT IS THE ENEMY. 1067 00:32:08,126 --> 00:32:10,729 VIRUS, THAT IS THE ENEMY. AND THIS IS JUST ONE VIRUS. 1068 00:32:10,729 --> 00:32:12,898 AND THIS IS JUST ONE VIRUS. EACH YEAR ON AVERAGE, WE 1069 00:32:12,898 --> 00:32:14,866 EACH YEAR ON AVERAGE, WE IDENTIFY GLOBALLY ONE NEW 1070 00:32:14,866 --> 00:32:15,333 IDENTIFY GLOBALLY ONE NEW MICROBE. 1071 00:32:15,333 --> 00:32:17,301 MICROBE. AND THE NEXT ONE IS INEVITABLE. 1072 00:32:17,301 --> 00:32:18,938 AND THE NEXT ONE IS INEVITABLE. WHAT’S NOT INEVITABLE IS THAT WE 1073 00:32:18,938 --> 00:32:20,673 WHAT’S NOT INEVITABLE IS THAT WE WILL STILL BE SO UNDERPREPARED 1074 00:32:20,673 --> 00:32:25,010 WILL STILL BE SO UNDERPREPARED AS A WORLD. 1075 00:32:25,010 --> 00:32:25,377 AS A WORLD. >> INTERESTING. 1076 00:32:25,377 --> 00:32:28,647 >> INTERESTING. SO, HOW FREQUENTLY, HOW OFTEN 1077 00:32:28,647 --> 00:32:31,750 SO, HOW FREQUENTLY, HOW OFTEN DOES ONE OF THOSE NEW MICROBES 1078 00:32:31,750 --> 00:32:35,754 DOES ONE OF THOSE NEW MICROBES THAT EMERGES END UP BEING AN 1079 00:32:35,754 --> 00:32:36,021 THAT EMERGES END UP BEING AN OUTBREAK? 1080 00:32:36,021 --> 00:32:37,256 OUTBREAK? OBVIOUSLY, THIS IS A 1081 00:32:37,256 --> 00:32:37,856 OBVIOUSLY, THIS IS A GENERATIONAL THING THAT WE ARE 1082 00:32:37,856 --> 00:32:40,425 GENERATIONAL THING THAT WE ARE GOING THROUGH NOW. 1083 00:32:40,425 --> 00:32:42,962 GOING THROUGH NOW. BUT WHAT’S THE FREQUENCY OF 1084 00:32:42,962 --> 00:32:43,695 BUT WHAT’S THE FREQUENCY OF THINGS THAT HAVE THE POTENTIAL 1085 00:32:43,695 --> 00:32:45,063 THINGS THAT HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO SPREAD AND BE BROADER 1086 00:32:45,063 --> 00:32:45,630 TO SPREAD AND BE BROADER OUTBREAKS IF THEY ARE NOT 1087 00:32:45,630 --> 00:32:48,934 OUTBREAKS IF THEY ARE NOT MANAGED WELL? 1088 00:32:48,934 --> 00:32:51,135 MANAGED WELL? >> ABOUT EVERY YEAR ONE OR 1089 00:32:51,135 --> 00:32:52,336 >> ABOUT EVERY YEAR ONE OR ANOTHER MICROBE COMES OUT. 1090 00:32:52,336 --> 00:32:55,740 ANOTHER MICROBE COMES OUT. WHAT WE ARE SEEING IS MORE 1091 00:32:55,740 --> 00:32:56,340 WHAT WE ARE SEEING IS MORE ANIMAL-HUMAN INTERFACE AS THE 1092 00:32:56,340 --> 00:32:58,176 ANIMAL-HUMAN INTERFACE AS THE HUMAN POPULATION INCREASES AND 1093 00:32:58,176 --> 00:33:00,746 HUMAN POPULATION INCREASES AND WE ENCROACH ON ANIMAL HABITATS, 1094 00:33:00,746 --> 00:33:03,048 WE ENCROACH ON ANIMAL HABITATS, AND THAT IS THE USUAL WAY THAT 1095 00:33:03,048 --> 00:33:05,116 AND THAT IS THE USUAL WAY THAT VIRUSES ENTER THE HUMAN 1096 00:33:05,116 --> 00:33:05,417 VIRUSES ENTER THE HUMAN POPULATION. 1097 00:33:05,417 --> 00:33:09,988 POPULATION. THIS IS A PANDEMIC LIKE NONE IN 1098 00:33:09,988 --> 00:33:11,790 THIS IS A PANDEMIC LIKE NONE IN A HUNDRED YEARS. 1099 00:33:11,790 --> 00:33:13,759 A HUNDRED YEARS. THIS IS THE WORST PANDEMIC SINCE 1100 00:33:13,759 --> 00:33:17,128 THIS IS THE WORST PANDEMIC SINCE THE GREAT INFLUENZA PANDEMIC OF 1101 00:33:17,128 --> 00:33:17,329 THE GREAT INFLUENZA PANDEMIC OF 1819. 1102 00:33:17,329 --> 00:33:19,731 1819. THIS IS AN EXTRAORDINARY EVENT 1103 00:33:19,731 --> 00:33:20,598 THIS IS AN EXTRAORDINARY EVENT IN TODAY’S SOMETHING THAT 1104 00:33:20,598 --> 00:33:22,366 IN TODAY’S SOMETHING THAT REQUIRES AN ALL HANDS ON DECK 1105 00:33:22,366 --> 00:33:24,069 REQUIRES AN ALL HANDS ON DECK RESPONSE SO WE CAN FOCUS ON 1106 00:33:24,069 --> 00:33:24,703 RESPONSE SO WE CAN FOCUS ON LEARNING AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE SO 1107 00:33:24,703 --> 00:33:27,839 LEARNING AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE SO WE CAN DO IS MUCH AS POSSIBLE TO 1108 00:33:27,839 --> 00:33:30,308 WE CAN DO IS MUCH AS POSSIBLE TO LIMIT THE NUMBER OF DEATHS AND 1109 00:33:30,308 --> 00:33:34,280 LIMIT THE NUMBER OF DEATHS AND THE CAUSES. 1110 00:33:34,280 --> 00:33:39,718 THE CAUSES. >> IN SUCH A MOMENTOUS AND 1111 00:33:39,718 --> 00:33:40,252 >> IN SUCH A MOMENTOUS AND ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME THING, 1112 00:33:40,252 --> 00:33:43,888 ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME THING, HOPEFULLY, WHAT GIVES YOU HOPE? 1113 00:33:43,888 --> 00:33:44,757 HOPEFULLY, WHAT GIVES YOU HOPE? >> I THINK THERE IS A BETTER 1114 00:33:44,757 --> 00:33:47,026 >> I THINK THERE IS A BETTER RECOGNITION THAT WE ARE ALL IN 1115 00:33:47,026 --> 00:33:49,894 RECOGNITION THAT WE ARE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER. 1116 00:33:49,894 --> 00:33:51,696 THIS TOGETHER. THAT WHAT ANY OF US DO CAN 1117 00:33:51,696 --> 00:33:56,101 THAT WHAT ANY OF US DO CAN AFFECT WHAT ALL OF US ARE GOING 1118 00:33:56,101 --> 00:33:56,769 AFFECT WHAT ALL OF US ARE GOING TO EXPERIENCE, AND THEREFORE, IT 1119 00:33:56,769 --> 00:33:59,671 TO EXPERIENCE, AND THEREFORE, IT IS IN ALL OF OUR BEST INTEREST 1120 00:33:59,671 --> 00:34:01,439 IS IN ALL OF OUR BEST INTEREST TO HAVE SOLIDARITY, TO LEARN 1121 00:34:01,439 --> 00:34:02,607 TO HAVE SOLIDARITY, TO LEARN WITH EACH OTHER, TO HELP 1122 00:34:02,607 --> 00:34:06,712 WITH EACH OTHER, TO HELP COUNTRIES ALL AROUND THE WORLD 1123 00:34:06,712 --> 00:34:09,314 COUNTRIES ALL AROUND THE WORLD STOP THOSE GAPS, FILL THE GAPS, 1124 00:34:09,314 --> 00:34:10,948 STOP THOSE GAPS, FILL THE GAPS, STOP THE SPREAD. 1125 00:34:10,948 --> 00:34:12,917 STOP THE SPREAD. BECAUSE EVEN IF ANY ONE COUNTRY 1126 00:34:12,917 --> 00:34:14,119 BECAUSE EVEN IF ANY ONE COUNTRY CONTROLS THIS DISEASE OR THE 1127 00:34:14,119 --> 00:34:15,887 CONTROLS THIS DISEASE OR THE NEXT ONE, THEY WILL THEN BE 1128 00:34:15,887 --> 00:34:17,623 NEXT ONE, THEY WILL THEN BE VULNERABLE TO IT BEING IMPORTED, 1129 00:34:17,623 --> 00:34:19,692 VULNERABLE TO IT BEING IMPORTED, AND COMING IN FROM ELSEWHERE. 1130 00:34:19,692 --> 00:34:21,994 AND COMING IN FROM ELSEWHERE. THAT IS WHY IT’S SO IMPORTANT 1131 00:34:21,994 --> 00:34:22,693 THAT IS WHY IT’S SO IMPORTANT THAT WE NOT ONLY FIND THE GAPS, 1132 00:34:22,693 --> 00:34:26,731 THAT WE NOT ONLY FIND THE GAPS, BUT FILL THE GAPS ANYWHERE THEY 1133 00:34:26,731 --> 00:34:28,333 BUT FILL THE GAPS ANYWHERE THEY EXIST. 1134 00:34:28,333 --> 00:34:28,900 EXIST. >> YEAH. 1135 00:34:28,900 --> 00:34:30,935 >> YEAH. >> ALL RIGHT, IS THERE ANY -- 1136 00:34:30,935 --> 00:34:32,137 >> ALL RIGHT, IS THERE ANY -- WE’VE GONE THROUGH A LOT OF 1137 00:34:32,137 --> 00:34:32,703 WE’VE GONE THROUGH A LOT OF GROUND SO FAR. 1138 00:34:32,703 --> 00:34:34,172 GROUND SO FAR. ARE THERE ANY TOPICS THAT YOU 1139 00:34:34,172 --> 00:34:35,973 ARE THERE ANY TOPICS THAT YOU THINK WE SHOULD DRILL INTO A BIT 1140 00:34:35,973 --> 00:34:37,076 THINK WE SHOULD DRILL INTO A BIT DEEPER, OR THINGS WE DIDN’T 1141 00:34:37,076 --> 00:34:39,477 DEEPER, OR THINGS WE DIDN’T COVER IN THE WAY YOU WOULD WANT 1142 00:34:39,477 --> 00:34:39,944 COVER IN THE WAY YOU WOULD WANT TO? 1143 00:34:39,944 --> 00:34:42,180 TO? >> WELL, THERE’S SO MUCH ABOUT 1144 00:34:42,180 --> 00:34:43,714 >> WELL, THERE’S SO MUCH ABOUT THIS VIRUS THAT WE ARE LEARNING 1145 00:34:43,714 --> 00:34:44,482 THIS VIRUS THAT WE ARE LEARNING LITERALLY EVERY DAY. 1146 00:34:44,482 --> 00:34:46,284 LITERALLY EVERY DAY. I WOULDN’T WANT TO LOSE THE 1147 00:34:46,284 --> 00:34:48,419 I WOULDN’T WANT TO LOSE THE IMPORTANCE OF PROTECTING OUR 1148 00:34:48,419 --> 00:34:49,187 IMPORTANCE OF PROTECTING OUR HEALTH CARE WORKERS. 1149 00:34:49,187 --> 00:34:50,721 HEALTH CARE WORKERS. WE ARE SEEING, JUST TODAY, 1150 00:34:50,721 --> 00:34:52,924 WE ARE SEEING, JUST TODAY, REPORT COMING OUT OF THE CDC 1151 00:34:52,924 --> 00:34:57,630 REPORT COMING OUT OF THE CDC THAT EVEN THOUGH MOST -- MUCH OF 1152 00:34:57,630 --> 00:35:00,498 THAT EVEN THOUGH MOST -- MUCH OF THE INFORMATION WAS MISSING, 1153 00:35:00,498 --> 00:35:01,533 THE INFORMATION WAS MISSING, 10,000 HEALTH CARE WORKERS HAVE 1154 00:35:01,533 --> 00:35:02,500 10,000 HEALTH CARE WORKERS HAVE BEEN INFECTED IN THE 1155 00:35:02,500 --> 00:35:03,034 BEEN INFECTED IN THE UNITED STATES. 1156 00:35:03,034 --> 00:35:07,106 UNITED STATES. AT TEN HEALTH CARE WORKERS. 1157 00:35:07,106 --> 00:35:07,672 AT TEN HEALTH CARE WORKERS. THAT’S JUST HORRIFIC. 1158 00:35:07,672 --> 00:35:09,941 THAT’S JUST HORRIFIC. WE HAVE TO PROTECT THE FRONT 1159 00:35:09,941 --> 00:35:10,609 WE HAVE TO PROTECT THE FRONT LINES. 1160 00:35:10,609 --> 00:35:12,344 LINES. AND IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT THE 1161 00:35:12,344 --> 00:35:14,312 AND IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT THE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT, WHICH IS 1162 00:35:14,312 --> 00:35:14,745 PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT, WHICH IS CRUCIALLY IMPORTANT. 1163 00:35:14,745 --> 00:35:15,581 CRUCIALLY IMPORTANT. BUT ALSO MAKING SURE THAT 1164 00:35:15,581 --> 00:35:18,183 BUT ALSO MAKING SURE THAT HEALTH CARE IS STRUCTURED TO BE 1165 00:35:18,183 --> 00:35:18,550 HEALTH CARE IS STRUCTURED TO BE SAFER. 1166 00:35:18,550 --> 00:35:19,283 SAFER. AND ANOTHER SILVER LINING FROM 1167 00:35:19,283 --> 00:35:23,020 AND ANOTHER SILVER LINING FROM THIS COULD BE THAT WE HAVE FEWER 1168 00:35:23,020 --> 00:35:24,356 THIS COULD BE THAT WE HAVE FEWER HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED 1169 00:35:24,356 --> 00:35:25,124 HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS, WHICH ARE ALREADY A 1170 00:35:25,124 --> 00:35:26,757 INFECTIONS, WHICH ARE ALREADY A LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN THE 1171 00:35:26,757 --> 00:35:26,925 LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN THE U.S. 1172 00:35:26,925 --> 00:35:29,928 U.S. KILLING AS MANY AS 100,000 1173 00:35:29,928 --> 00:35:31,864 KILLING AS MANY AS 100,000 AMERICANS EACH YEAR. 1174 00:35:31,864 --> 00:35:33,064 AMERICANS EACH YEAR. HAVING MUCH SAFER HEALTH CARE IS 1175 00:35:33,064 --> 00:35:35,500 HAVING MUCH SAFER HEALTH CARE IS IMPORTANT FOR OUR PATIENTS, OUR 1176 00:35:35,500 --> 00:35:38,103 IMPORTANT FOR OUR PATIENTS, OUR HEALTH CARE WORKERS, AND REALLY, 1177 00:35:38,103 --> 00:35:38,736 HEALTH CARE WORKERS, AND REALLY, I WOULDN’T WANT COMMUNITIES 1178 00:35:38,736 --> 00:35:40,105 I WOULDN’T WANT COMMUNITIES OPENING UP AGAIN IF IT RESULTS 1179 00:35:40,105 --> 00:35:42,908 OPENING UP AGAIN IF IT RESULTS IN SO MANY HEALTH CARE WORKERS 1180 00:35:42,908 --> 00:35:44,709 IN SO MANY HEALTH CARE WORKERS GETTING INFECTED AND TRAGICALLY 1181 00:35:44,709 --> 00:35:44,976 GETTING INFECTED AND TRAGICALLY DYING. 1182 00:35:44,976 --> 00:35:46,510 DYING. SO, SUPPORTING OUR FRONT LINES 1183 00:35:46,510 --> 00:35:47,479 SO, SUPPORTING OUR FRONT LINES IS CRUCIALLY IMPORTANT. 1184 00:35:47,479 --> 00:35:49,214 IS CRUCIALLY IMPORTANT. THAT MIGHT MEAN, IN A PLACE LIKE 1185 00:35:49,214 --> 00:35:50,215 THAT MIGHT MEAN, IN A PLACE LIKE NEW YORK CITY TODAY, THAT WE ARE 1186 00:35:50,215 --> 00:35:52,417 NEW YORK CITY TODAY, THAT WE ARE TELLING PEOPLE WITH MILD 1187 00:35:52,417 --> 00:35:54,486 TELLING PEOPLE WITH MILD SYMPTOMS, DON’T GO IN FOR CARE. 1188 00:35:54,486 --> 00:35:55,887 SYMPTOMS, DON’T GO IN FOR CARE. THERE IS JUST NOT THE CAPACITY 1189 00:35:55,887 --> 00:35:59,958 THERE IS JUST NOT THE CAPACITY TO SAFELY CARE FOR, TREAT YOU. 1190 00:35:59,958 --> 00:36:01,059 TO SAFELY CARE FOR, TREAT YOU. ISOLATE AND WE WILL MAKE SURE IT 1191 00:36:01,059 --> 00:36:02,994 ISOLATE AND WE WILL MAKE SURE IT TRIES TO STOP WITH YOU, WE WILL 1192 00:36:02,994 --> 00:36:04,528 TRIES TO STOP WITH YOU, WE WILL MAKE SURE THE VIRUS STOPS WITH 1193 00:36:04,528 --> 00:36:04,795 MAKE SURE THE VIRUS STOPS WITH YOU. 1194 00:36:04,795 --> 00:36:06,164 YOU. BUT THE HEALTH CARE WORKERS ARE 1195 00:36:06,164 --> 00:36:08,366 BUT THE HEALTH CARE WORKERS ARE THE HEROES OF THIS BATTLE, AND 1196 00:36:08,366 --> 00:36:08,867 THE HEROES OF THIS BATTLE, AND WE NEED TO DO EVERYTHING 1197 00:36:08,867 --> 00:36:11,737 WE NEED TO DO EVERYTHING POSSIBLE TO SUPPORT THEM. 1198 00:36:11,737 --> 00:36:13,271 POSSIBLE TO SUPPORT THEM. >> COULDN’T AGREE MORE. 1199 00:36:13,271 --> 00:36:15,674 >> COULDN’T AGREE MORE. >> YEAH, THAT’S WELL SAID. 1200 00:36:15,674 --> 00:36:16,608 >> YEAH, THAT’S WELL SAID. IT. 1201 00:36:16,608 --> 00:36:18,410 IT. MAYBE BEFORE WE WRAP, IT WOULD 1202 00:36:18,410 --> 00:36:21,246 MAYBE BEFORE WE WRAP, IT WOULD BE USEFUL TO TALK FOR A LITTLE 1203 00:36:21,246 --> 00:36:22,981 BE USEFUL TO TALK FOR A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT YOUR 1204 00:36:22,981 --> 00:36:23,882 BIT ABOUT WHAT YOUR ORGANIZATION, RESOLVED TO SAVE 1205 00:36:23,882 --> 00:36:25,184 ORGANIZATION, RESOLVED TO SAVE LIVES, CAN DO TO HELP HERE. 1206 00:36:25,184 --> 00:36:29,755 LIVES, CAN DO TO HELP HERE. WE’VE TALKED A LOT ABOUT WHAT 1207 00:36:29,755 --> 00:36:32,157 WE’VE TALKED A LOT ABOUT WHAT THE BROAD, INTERNATIONAL 1208 00:36:32,157 --> 00:36:32,624 THE BROAD, INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE SHOULD BE. 1209 00:36:32,624 --> 00:36:35,761 RESPONSE SHOULD BE. BUT WHEN YOU ARE GETTING STARTED 1210 00:36:35,761 --> 00:36:36,594 BUT WHEN YOU ARE GETTING STARTED WITH RESOLVE, WE TALKED VERY 1211 00:36:36,594 --> 00:36:41,667 WITH RESOLVE, WE TALKED VERY EARLY ON, AND WE BASICALLY 1212 00:36:41,667 --> 00:36:45,170 EARLY ON, AND WE BASICALLY TALKED ABOUT, YOU HAD A PLAN 1213 00:36:45,170 --> 00:36:46,638 TALKED ABOUT, YOU HAD A PLAN WHERE, THROUGH SOME BASIC PUBLIC 1214 00:36:46,638 --> 00:36:48,373 WHERE, THROUGH SOME BASIC PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, YOU FELT 1215 00:36:48,373 --> 00:36:50,709 HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, YOU FELT THAT OVER A FIVE TO 10-YEAR 1216 00:36:50,709 --> 00:36:52,978 THAT OVER A FIVE TO 10-YEAR PERIOD, POTENTIALLY TENS OF 1217 00:36:52,978 --> 00:36:54,012 PERIOD, POTENTIALLY TENS OF MILLIONS OF LIVES COULD BE 1218 00:36:54,012 --> 00:36:54,279 MILLIONS OF LIVES COULD BE SAVED. 1219 00:36:54,279 --> 00:36:57,315 SAVED. NOW, OF COURSE, GIVEN THIS 1220 00:36:57,315 --> 00:36:59,884 NOW, OF COURSE, GIVEN THIS PANDEMIC IT MAKES SENSE TO PIVOT 1221 00:36:59,884 --> 00:37:01,453 PANDEMIC IT MAKES SENSE TO PIVOT THE FOCUS OF WHAT YOU’RE DOING 1222 00:37:01,453 --> 00:37:05,691 THE FOCUS OF WHAT YOU’RE DOING TO MAKING SURE THAT WE ARE 1223 00:37:05,691 --> 00:37:06,357 TO MAKING SURE THAT WE ARE PREPARED AND GETTING THE 1224 00:37:06,357 --> 00:37:08,092 PREPARED AND GETTING THE RESPONSE AS GOOD AS POSSIBLE, 1225 00:37:08,092 --> 00:37:10,094 RESPONSE AS GOOD AS POSSIBLE, BUT MAYBE JUST TAKE FOR A COUPLE 1226 00:37:10,094 --> 00:37:11,463 BUT MAYBE JUST TAKE FOR A COUPLE OF MINUTES AND TALK ABOUT WHAT 1227 00:37:11,463 --> 00:37:12,330 OF MINUTES AND TALK ABOUT WHAT YOUR ORGANIZATION IS DOING HERE. 1228 00:37:12,330 --> 00:37:18,102 YOUR ORGANIZATION IS DOING HERE. >> THANKS, MARK. 1229 00:37:18,102 --> 00:37:19,136 >> THANKS, MARK. AND YOU AND I AND PRISCILLA 1230 00:37:19,136 --> 00:37:20,172 AND YOU AND I AND PRISCILLA DISCUSSED THIS AS WE WERE 1231 00:37:20,172 --> 00:37:22,174 DISCUSSED THIS AS WE WERE CREATING IT, AND WE REALLY 1232 00:37:22,174 --> 00:37:23,241 CREATING IT, AND WE REALLY WANTED TO IDENTIFY THE AREAS 1233 00:37:23,241 --> 00:37:24,575 WANTED TO IDENTIFY THE AREAS WHERE WE THOUGHT WERE AT THE 1234 00:37:24,575 --> 00:37:26,277 WHERE WE THOUGHT WERE AT THE EDGE WHERE WE COULD MAKE A HUGE 1235 00:37:26,277 --> 00:37:29,214 EDGE WHERE WE COULD MAKE A HUGE DIFFERENCE IF WE HAD A CATALYTIC 1236 00:37:29,214 --> 00:37:30,415 DIFFERENCE IF WE HAD A CATALYTIC INVESTMENT, WHICH YOU AND THE 1237 00:37:30,415 --> 00:37:31,883 INVESTMENT, WHICH YOU AND THE BILL AND MELINDA GATES 1238 00:37:31,883 --> 00:37:33,117 BILL AND MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION, THE MIKE BLOOMBERG 1239 00:37:33,117 --> 00:37:33,752 FOUNDATION, THE MIKE BLOOMBERG FOUNDATION HAS SUPPORTED. 1240 00:37:33,752 --> 00:37:36,788 FOUNDATION HAS SUPPORTED. WE WORK IN TWO DIFFERENT AREAS. 1241 00:37:36,788 --> 00:37:38,122 WE WORK IN TWO DIFFERENT AREAS. ONE IS PREVENTING EPIDEMICS. 1242 00:37:38,122 --> 00:37:39,457 ONE IS PREVENTING EPIDEMICS. WHAT WE’VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT SO 1243 00:37:39,457 --> 00:37:39,991 WHAT WE’VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT SO FAR. 1244 00:37:39,991 --> 00:37:41,626 FAR. FINDING THOSE GAPS AND FILLING 1245 00:37:41,626 --> 00:37:42,026 FINDING THOSE GAPS AND FILLING THEM. 1246 00:37:42,026 --> 00:37:43,127 THEM. GIVING COUNTRIES THE CAPACITY SO 1247 00:37:43,127 --> 00:37:44,329 GIVING COUNTRIES THE CAPACITY SO THAT THEY CAN BE SAFER AND THE 1248 00:37:44,329 --> 00:37:46,965 THAT THEY CAN BE SAFER AND THE WORLD CAN BE SAFER FROM THESE 1249 00:37:46,965 --> 00:37:47,932 WORLD CAN BE SAFER FROM THESE EPIDEMICS. 1250 00:37:47,932 --> 00:37:49,000 EPIDEMICS. OUR OTHER MAJOR ACTIVITY IS 1251 00:37:49,000 --> 00:37:50,802 OUR OTHER MAJOR ACTIVITY IS PREVENTING CARDIOVASCULAR 1252 00:37:50,802 --> 00:37:51,303 PREVENTING CARDIOVASCULAR DEATHS. 1253 00:37:51,303 --> 00:37:53,271 DEATHS. AND WE THINK THAT GLOBALLY THERE 1254 00:37:53,271 --> 00:37:56,208 AND WE THINK THAT GLOBALLY THERE IS THE POSSIBILITY OF PREVENTING 1255 00:37:56,208 --> 00:37:56,808 IS THE POSSIBILITY OF PREVENTING 100 MILLION DEATHS FROM HEART 1256 00:37:56,808 --> 00:37:59,477 100 MILLION DEATHS FROM HEART ATTACK AND STROKE OVER THE NEXT 1257 00:37:59,477 --> 00:38:01,880 ATTACK AND STROKE OVER THE NEXT 30 YEARS BY FOCUSING ON SIMPLE 1258 00:38:01,880 --> 00:38:02,480 30 YEARS BY FOCUSING ON SIMPLE INTERVENTIONS, LIKE EFFECTIVE 1259 00:38:02,480 --> 00:38:04,216 INTERVENTIONS, LIKE EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD 1260 00:38:04,216 --> 00:38:06,917 TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, THE GLOBAL ELIMINATION 1261 00:38:06,917 --> 00:38:08,886 PRESSURE, THE GLOBAL ELIMINATION OF ARTIFICIAL TRANS FAT, AND 1262 00:38:08,886 --> 00:38:11,723 OF ARTIFICIAL TRANS FAT, AND REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF SODIUM WE 1263 00:38:11,723 --> 00:38:12,957 REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF SODIUM WE CONSUME. 1264 00:38:12,957 --> 00:38:13,925 CONSUME. THESE ARE CORE PUBLIC HEALTH 1265 00:38:13,925 --> 00:38:14,259 THESE ARE CORE PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS. 1266 00:38:14,259 --> 00:38:15,459 INTERVENTIONS. WE KNOW WHAT TO DO BUT WE ARE 1267 00:38:15,459 --> 00:38:16,995 WE KNOW WHAT TO DO BUT WE ARE NOT YET DOING IT. 1268 00:38:16,995 --> 00:38:17,962 NOT YET DOING IT. BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN WHAT WE 1269 00:38:17,962 --> 00:38:20,098 BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN WHAT WE KNOW AND WHAT WE DO GLOBALLY 1270 00:38:20,098 --> 00:38:20,931 KNOW AND WHAT WE DO GLOBALLY WILL LITERALLY SAVE TENS OF 1271 00:38:20,931 --> 00:38:22,267 WILL LITERALLY SAVE TENS OF MILLIONS OF LIVES, AND CAN HELP 1272 00:38:22,267 --> 00:38:24,736 MILLIONS OF LIVES, AND CAN HELP PREVENT THE NEXT PANDEMIC AND 1273 00:38:24,736 --> 00:38:27,471 PREVENT THE NEXT PANDEMIC AND TAMP DOWN THIS ONE. 1274 00:38:27,471 --> 00:38:29,206 TAMP DOWN THIS ONE. >> YEAH. 1275 00:38:29,206 --> 00:38:30,074 >> YEAH. ALL RIGHT, TOM, THANK YOU FOR 1276 00:38:30,074 --> 00:38:31,109 ALL RIGHT, TOM, THANK YOU FOR EVERYTHING YOU ARE DOING AND 1277 00:38:31,109 --> 00:38:32,143 EVERYTHING YOU ARE DOING AND THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. 1278 00:38:32,143 --> 00:38:34,045 THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. I THINK THIS HAS BEEN A USEFUL 1279 00:38:34,045 --> 00:38:35,113 I THINK THIS HAS BEEN A USEFUL SESSION FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE TO 1280 00:38:35,113 --> 00:38:38,283 SESSION FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE TO HEAR FROM YOU ON WHAT TO EXPECT, 1281 00:38:38,283 --> 00:38:40,451 HEAR FROM YOU ON WHAT TO EXPECT, AND HOPEFULLY WHAT THE PLAN 1282 00:38:40,451 --> 00:38:42,754 AND HOPEFULLY WHAT THE PLAN LOOKS LIKE FOR SOCIETY GOING 1283 00:38:42,754 --> 00:38:42,987 LOOKS LIKE FOR SOCIETY GOING FORWARD. 1284 00:38:42,987 --> 00:38:43,955 FORWARD. SO THANK YOU AGAIN. 1285 00:38:43,955 --> 00:38:45,256 SO THANK YOU AGAIN. ALL RIGHT, WE WILL SEE YOU SOON. 1286 00:38:45,256 --> 00:38:47,191 ALL RIGHT, WE WILL SEE YOU SOON. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 1287 00:38:47,191 --> 00:38:48,393 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH. >> THANK YOU, TOM. 1288 00:38:48,393 --> 00:38:50,495 >> THANK YOU, TOM. >> THANKS BOTH OF YOU. 1289 00:38:50,495 --> 00:38:51,495 >> THANKS BOTH OF YOU. >> TAKE CARE.