1 00:00:13,080 --> 00:00:14,381 >> EVERYONE, THANKS FOR JOINING. 2 00:00:14,381 --> 00:00:19,353 >> EVERYONE, THANKS FOR JOINING. I’M HERE TODAY WITH DR. ANTHONY 3 00:00:19,353 --> 00:00:20,754 I’M HERE TODAY WITH DR. ANTHONY FAUCI, WHO IS THE DIRECTOR OF 4 00:00:20,754 --> 00:00:22,022 FAUCI, WHO IS THE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR 5 00:00:22,022 --> 00:00:22,655 THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ALLERGIES AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE 6 00:00:22,655 --> 00:00:25,692 ALLERGIES AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND IS THE NATIONS TOP 7 00:00:25,692 --> 00:00:27,562 AND IS THE NATIONS TOP INFECTIOUS DISEASE EXPERT, WHO 8 00:00:27,562 --> 00:00:30,230 INFECTIOUS DISEASE EXPERT, WHO IS IN CHARGE WITH LEADING OUR 9 00:00:30,230 --> 00:00:31,698 IS IN CHARGE WITH LEADING OUR RESPONSE AGAINST THE 10 00:00:31,698 --> 00:00:32,099 RESPONSE AGAINST THE CORONAVIRUS. 11 00:00:32,099 --> 00:00:33,567 CORONAVIRUS. DR. FAUCI, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 12 00:00:33,567 --> 00:00:34,768 DR. FAUCI, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING TODAY AND I WAS HOPING 13 00:00:34,768 --> 00:00:36,236 JOINING TODAY AND I WAS HOPING WE COULD JUST GET STARTED. 14 00:00:36,236 --> 00:00:37,605 WE COULD JUST GET STARTED. MAYBE YOU COULD TELL US ABOUT 15 00:00:37,605 --> 00:00:39,740 MAYBE YOU COULD TELL US ABOUT WHERE WE ARE WITH THIS SITUATION 16 00:00:39,740 --> 00:00:40,541 WHERE WE ARE WITH THIS SITUATION OVER ALL. 17 00:00:40,541 --> 00:00:42,942 OVER ALL. WHERE WE ARE WITH THE SPREAD OF 18 00:00:42,942 --> 00:00:45,012 WHERE WE ARE WITH THE SPREAD OF THIS IN THE OVERALL GOVERNMENT 19 00:00:45,012 --> 00:00:45,779 THIS IN THE OVERALL GOVERNMENT RESPONSE. 20 00:00:45,779 --> 00:00:47,714 RESPONSE. >> WELL, WE ARE CERTAINLY STILL 21 00:00:47,714 --> 00:00:50,584 >> WELL, WE ARE CERTAINLY STILL IN THE ESCALATION PHASE OF THIS 22 00:00:50,584 --> 00:00:51,819 IN THE ESCALATION PHASE OF THIS OUTBREAK, MARK. 23 00:00:51,819 --> 00:00:54,721 OUTBREAK, MARK. AS YOU KNOW, GLOBALLY, DIFFERENT 24 00:00:54,721 --> 00:00:56,390 AS YOU KNOW, GLOBALLY, DIFFERENT COUNTRIES ARE AT DIFFERENT 25 00:00:56,390 --> 00:00:57,591 COUNTRIES ARE AT DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE OUTBREAK. 26 00:00:57,591 --> 00:00:58,492 PHASES OF THE OUTBREAK. CHINA GOT HIT VERY EARLY ON, 27 00:00:58,492 --> 00:01:02,162 CHINA GOT HIT VERY EARLY ON, WHICH WAS THE ORIGIN OF WHERE 28 00:01:02,162 --> 00:01:06,433 WHICH WAS THE ORIGIN OF WHERE THE VIRUS FIRST CAME OUT IN 29 00:01:06,433 --> 00:01:08,368 THE VIRUS FIRST CAME OUT IN WUHAN. 30 00:01:08,368 --> 00:01:12,306 WUHAN. THE VIRUS FIRST CAME OUT IN 31 00:01:12,306 --> 00:01:13,941 THE VIRUS FIRST CAME OUT IN WUHAN, AND THEN IT CEDED 32 00:01:13,941 --> 00:01:14,374 WUHAN, AND THEN IT CEDED DIFFERENT COUNTRIES. 33 00:01:14,374 --> 00:01:17,778 DIFFERENT COUNTRIES. WE HAD A SEED OF IT HERE IN THE 34 00:01:17,778 --> 00:01:19,746 WE HAD A SEED OF IT HERE IN THE FIRST CASES WERE TRAVEL RELATED 35 00:01:19,746 --> 00:01:21,148 FIRST CASES WERE TRAVEL RELATED CASES, AND THEN WHAT YOU MIGHT 36 00:01:21,148 --> 00:01:23,117 CASES, AND THEN WHAT YOU MIGHT EXPECT TO HAPPEN, WHICH HAS 37 00:01:23,117 --> 00:01:23,716 EXPECT TO HAPPEN, WHICH HAS HAPPENED IN MULTIPLE COUNTRIES 38 00:01:23,716 --> 00:01:27,388 HAPPENED IN MULTIPLE COUNTRIES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, THAT YOU 39 00:01:27,388 --> 00:01:28,822 THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, THAT YOU HAVE BEEN SECONDARY AND TERTIARY 40 00:01:28,822 --> 00:01:29,022 HAVE BEEN SECONDARY AND TERTIARY CASES. 41 00:01:29,022 --> 00:01:31,859 CASES. SO RIGHT NOW WE’VE GONE FROM A 42 00:01:31,859 --> 00:01:33,594 SO RIGHT NOW WE’VE GONE FROM A HANDFUL OF CASES JUST A FEW 43 00:01:33,594 --> 00:01:35,129 HANDFUL OF CASES JUST A FEW MONTHS AGO UNTIL RIGHT NOW, 44 00:01:35,129 --> 00:01:39,400 MONTHS AGO UNTIL RIGHT NOW, WHERE WE HAVE CLOSE TO 10,000 45 00:01:39,400 --> 00:01:42,135 WHERE WE HAVE CLOSE TO 10,000 CASES, OVER 150 DEATHS. 46 00:01:42,135 --> 00:01:44,038 CASES, OVER 150 DEATHS. WORLDWIDE, THERE ARE CLOSE TO IF 47 00:01:44,038 --> 00:01:45,840 WORLDWIDE, THERE ARE CLOSE TO IF NOT ALREADY REACHED ABOUT 48 00:01:45,840 --> 00:01:47,408 NOT ALREADY REACHED ABOUT 200,000 CASES, AND CLOSE TO 49 00:01:47,408 --> 00:01:49,710 200,000 CASES, AND CLOSE TO AROUND 10,000 DEATHS. 50 00:01:49,710 --> 00:01:51,778 AROUND 10,000 DEATHS. THE EPICENTER OF THIS HAS 51 00:01:51,778 --> 00:01:56,050 THE EPICENTER OF THIS HAS SHIFTED FROM CHINA, WHICH 52 00:01:56,050 --> 00:01:57,751 SHIFTED FROM CHINA, WHICH DOMINATED THE INFECTION NUMBERS, 53 00:01:57,751 --> 00:01:58,418 DOMINATED THE INFECTION NUMBERS, THE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY 54 00:01:58,418 --> 00:02:01,389 THE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY EARLY ON, BUT THEY HAVE NOW COME 55 00:02:01,389 --> 00:02:02,956 EARLY ON, BUT THEY HAVE NOW COME DOWN IN THEIR PEAK TO THE POINT 56 00:02:02,956 --> 00:02:04,991 DOWN IN THEIR PEAK TO THE POINT WHERE THERE ARE RELATIVELY FEW 57 00:02:04,991 --> 00:02:06,060 WHERE THERE ARE RELATIVELY FEW NEW CASES IN CHINA AND THE 58 00:02:06,060 --> 00:02:09,763 NEW CASES IN CHINA AND THE EPICENTER HAS NOW SHIFTED TO 59 00:02:09,763 --> 00:02:10,364 EPICENTER HAS NOW SHIFTED TO EUROPE, PARTICULARLY COUNTRIES 60 00:02:10,364 --> 00:02:14,167 EUROPE, PARTICULARLY COUNTRIES LIKE ITALY AND FRANCE AND OTHERS 61 00:02:14,167 --> 00:02:14,401 LIKE ITALY AND FRANCE AND OTHERS OTHERS. 62 00:02:14,401 --> 00:02:17,171 OTHERS. SO IT IS TRULY A PANDEMIC. 63 00:02:17,171 --> 00:02:19,806 SO IT IS TRULY A PANDEMIC. IT’S IN 150 PLUS COUNTRIES 64 00:02:19,806 --> 00:02:20,340 IT’S IN 150 PLUS COUNTRIES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. 65 00:02:20,340 --> 00:02:22,643 THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. IT’S IN EVERY STATE IN THE 66 00:02:22,643 --> 00:02:24,945 IT’S IN EVERY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES, AND WE ARE STILL 67 00:02:24,945 --> 00:02:27,347 UNITED STATES, AND WE ARE STILL EVERY DAY, WE GET MORE AND MORE 68 00:02:27,347 --> 00:02:28,181 EVERY DAY, WE GET MORE AND MORE CASES AND WE WILL CONTINUE TO 69 00:02:28,181 --> 00:02:30,517 CASES AND WE WILL CONTINUE TO GET MORE AND MORE CASES. 70 00:02:30,517 --> 00:02:31,852 GET MORE AND MORE CASES. THE RESPONSE TO THAT, WHICH WE 71 00:02:31,852 --> 00:02:33,988 THE RESPONSE TO THAT, WHICH WE CAN GET YOU IN A LITTLE BIT, IS 72 00:02:33,988 --> 00:02:34,621 CAN GET YOU IN A LITTLE BIT, IS GOING TO MITIGATE HOW BAD THIS 73 00:02:34,621 --> 00:02:37,590 GOING TO MITIGATE HOW BAD THIS IS GOING TO GET AND HOW MUCH THE 74 00:02:37,590 --> 00:02:40,560 IS GOING TO GET AND HOW MUCH THE PEAK IS GOING TO BE. 75 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:42,829 PEAK IS GOING TO BE. >> YEAH, SO BEFORE WE GET INTO 76 00:02:42,829 --> 00:02:43,464 >> YEAH, SO BEFORE WE GET INTO THAT, MAYBE YOU COULD JUST TALK 77 00:02:43,464 --> 00:02:47,534 THAT, MAYBE YOU COULD JUST TALK FOR A MINUTE ABOUT, ONE OF THE 78 00:02:47,534 --> 00:02:48,768 FOR A MINUTE ABOUT, ONE OF THE PROJECTIONS ARE CURRENTLY 79 00:02:48,768 --> 00:02:49,002 PROJECTIONS ARE CURRENTLY SEEING? 80 00:02:49,002 --> 00:02:50,170 SEEING? WHAT DO PEOPLE EXPECT IN THE 81 00:02:50,170 --> 00:02:51,571 WHAT DO PEOPLE EXPECT IN THE UNITED STATES, AND WESTERN 82 00:02:51,571 --> 00:02:54,207 UNITED STATES, AND WESTERN EUROPE, IN THE COUNTRIES WHERE 83 00:02:54,207 --> 00:02:55,575 EUROPE, IN THE COUNTRIES WHERE THERE ARE CURRENTLY OUTBREAKS 84 00:02:55,575 --> 00:02:56,776 THERE ARE CURRENTLY OUTBREAKS THAT ARE GROWING VERY QUICKLY?% 85 00:02:56,776 --> 00:02:58,078 THAT ARE GROWING VERY QUICKLY?% WHAT CAN PEOPLE EXPECT IN TERMS 86 00:02:58,078 --> 00:02:59,880 WHAT CAN PEOPLE EXPECT IN TERMS OF HOW THIS WILL AFFECT THEIR 87 00:02:59,880 --> 00:03:01,748 OF HOW THIS WILL AFFECT THEIR COMMUNITIES, HOW THIS WILL GROW, 88 00:03:01,748 --> 00:03:03,918 COMMUNITIES, HOW THIS WILL GROW, HOW THIS WILL AFFECT THEM? 89 00:03:03,918 --> 00:03:04,952 HOW THIS WILL AFFECT THEM? >> FIRST, LET’S SEE WITH THE 90 00:03:04,952 --> 00:03:06,120 >> FIRST, LET’S SEE WITH THE VIRUS WILL DO AND THEN YOU CAN 91 00:03:06,120 --> 00:03:08,956 VIRUS WILL DO AND THEN YOU CAN KIND OF EXTRAPOLATE THAT TO WHAT 92 00:03:08,956 --> 00:03:10,157 KIND OF EXTRAPOLATE THAT TO WHAT THE IMPACT WILL BE IN THE 93 00:03:10,157 --> 00:03:10,390 THE IMPACT WILL BE IN THE COUNTRY. 94 00:03:10,390 --> 00:03:11,858 COUNTRY. IF THE VIRUS IS LEFT TO ITS OWN 95 00:03:11,858 --> 00:03:14,294 IF THE VIRUS IS LEFT TO ITS OWN DEVICES, YOU WILL SEE A MAJOR, 96 00:03:14,294 --> 00:03:15,262 DEVICES, YOU WILL SEE A MAJOR, MAJOR PEAK WHICH WILL THEN TURN 97 00:03:15,262 --> 00:03:16,663 MAJOR PEAK WHICH WILL THEN TURN AROUND AND COME ON DOWN. 98 00:03:16,663 --> 00:03:21,068 AROUND AND COME ON DOWN. IN CHINA, EVEN WITH THEIR MAJOR, 99 00:03:21,068 --> 00:03:22,302 IN CHINA, EVEN WITH THEIR MAJOR, RATHER DRACONIAN EFFORTS TO 100 00:03:22,302 --> 00:03:25,338 RATHER DRACONIAN EFFORTS TO CONTAIN IT, THEY GOT OFF, I 101 00:03:25,338 --> 00:03:26,806 CONTAIN IT, THEY GOT OFF, I WOULDN’T SAY TO A BAD START, BUT 102 00:03:26,806 --> 00:03:28,608 WOULDN’T SAY TO A BAD START, BUT IT WAS A START WHERE THEY WERE 103 00:03:28,608 --> 00:03:30,044 IT WAS A START WHERE THEY WERE NOT EXPECTING IT, AND IT TOOK 104 00:03:30,044 --> 00:03:32,111 NOT EXPECTING IT, AND IT TOOK THEM ABOUT TWO AND A HALF MONTHS 105 00:03:32,111 --> 00:03:33,247 THEM ABOUT TWO AND A HALF MONTHS TO GET TO THE POINT NOW WHERE 106 00:03:33,247 --> 00:03:37,116 TO GET TO THE POINT NOW WHERE THERE ARE VERY FEW CASES IN 107 00:03:37,116 --> 00:03:38,251 THERE ARE VERY FEW CASES IN CHINA. 108 00:03:38,251 --> 00:03:39,753 CHINA. EUROPE, PARTICULARLY ITALY, IS 109 00:03:39,753 --> 00:03:41,120 EUROPE, PARTICULARLY ITALY, IS RIGHT NOW IN THE FACE THAT THEY 110 00:03:41,120 --> 00:03:43,122 RIGHT NOW IN THE FACE THAT THEY ARE STILL ACCELERATING. 111 00:03:43,122 --> 00:03:44,992 ARE STILL ACCELERATING. SO THEY’VE HAD A FEW WEEKS OF AN 112 00:03:44,992 --> 00:03:46,293 SO THEY’VE HAD A FEW WEEKS OF AN ACCELERATION, THEY HAVE NOT BEEN 113 00:03:46,293 --> 00:03:47,594 ACCELERATION, THEY HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO CONTAIN IT. 114 00:03:47,594 --> 00:03:49,797 ABLE TO CONTAIN IT. SO THE SAME THING LIKELY WILL 115 00:03:49,797 --> 00:03:50,864 SO THE SAME THING LIKELY WILL HAPPEN, SOMEWHERE AROUND EIGHT 116 00:03:50,864 --> 00:03:53,033 HAPPEN, SOMEWHERE AROUND EIGHT WEEKS OR SO UNTIL HE GOES DOWN 117 00:03:53,033 --> 00:03:53,934 WEEKS OR SO UNTIL HE GOES DOWN ENOUGH THAT YOU CAN FEEL YOU ARE 118 00:03:53,934 --> 00:03:56,869 ENOUGH THAT YOU CAN FEEL YOU ARE ALMOST OUT OF THE WOODS. 119 00:03:56,869 --> 00:03:57,871 ALMOST OUT OF THE WOODS. WE NOW ARE STILL IN THE 120 00:03:57,871 --> 00:04:00,173 WE NOW ARE STILL IN THE ESCALATION PHASE. 121 00:04:00,173 --> 00:04:01,776 ESCALATION PHASE. HOW HIGH THAT GETS, MARK, AND 122 00:04:01,776 --> 00:04:03,577 HOW HIGH THAT GETS, MARK, AND HOW LONG IT’S GOING TO TAKE TO 123 00:04:03,577 --> 00:04:05,946 HOW LONG IT’S GOING TO TAKE TO TURN AROUND IS GOING TO BE VERY 124 00:04:05,946 --> 00:04:08,215 TURN AROUND IS GOING TO BE VERY MUCH DEPENDENT UPON HOW 125 00:04:08,215 --> 00:04:09,082 MUCH DEPENDENT UPON HOW SUCCESSFULLY WE DO CONTAINMENT 126 00:04:09,082 --> 00:04:12,885 SUCCESSFULLY WE DO CONTAINMENT AND MITIGATION, THE KINDS OF 127 00:04:12,885 --> 00:04:14,354 AND MITIGATION, THE KINDS OF PHYSICAL SEPARATIONS OF PEOPLE 128 00:04:14,354 --> 00:04:16,556 PHYSICAL SEPARATIONS OF PEOPLE THAT HAVE NOW BEEN PART OF THE 129 00:04:16,556 --> 00:04:16,990 THAT HAVE NOW BEEN PART OF THE GUIDELINES. 130 00:04:16,990 --> 00:04:19,593 GUIDELINES. IT’S RATHER DISRUPTIVE OF 131 00:04:19,593 --> 00:04:20,694 IT’S RATHER DISRUPTIVE OF SOCIETY. 132 00:04:20,694 --> 00:04:21,595 SOCIETY. IT CERTAINLY IS. 133 00:04:21,595 --> 00:04:22,996 IT CERTAINLY IS. IT’S INCONVENIENT, BUT IT’S THAT 134 00:04:22,996 --> 00:04:24,531 IT’S INCONVENIENT, BUT IT’S THAT KIND OF THING THAT IS GOING TO 135 00:04:24,531 --> 00:04:25,566 KIND OF THING THAT IS GOING TO DETERMINE. 136 00:04:25,566 --> 00:04:26,866 DETERMINE. RIGHT NOW, IF WE DO WELL AND WE 137 00:04:26,866 --> 00:04:28,969 RIGHT NOW, IF WE DO WELL AND WE ARE REALLY SUCCESSFUL, AND A 138 00:04:28,969 --> 00:04:31,170 ARE REALLY SUCCESSFUL, AND A MINIMUM IT’S GOING TO BE SEVERAL 139 00:04:31,170 --> 00:04:32,706 MINIMUM IT’S GOING TO BE SEVERAL WEEKS. 140 00:04:32,706 --> 00:04:33,841 WEEKS. >> SOME OF THE PROJECTIONS THAT 141 00:04:33,841 --> 00:04:37,077 >> SOME OF THE PROJECTIONS THAT I’VE SEEN SUGGEST THAT MORE THAN 142 00:04:37,077 --> 00:04:38,411 I’VE SEEN SUGGEST THAT MORE THAN 50% OF PEOPLE MIGHT END UP BEING 143 00:04:38,411 --> 00:04:39,379 50% OF PEOPLE MIGHT END UP BEING EXPOSED TO THIS OVER THE NEXT 144 00:04:39,379 --> 00:04:42,349 EXPOSED TO THIS OVER THE NEXT YEAR OR SO. 145 00:04:42,349 --> 00:04:43,517 YEAR OR SO. ARE THOSE THE PROJECTIONS THAT 146 00:04:43,517 --> 00:04:43,818 ARE THOSE THE PROJECTIONS THAT YOUR SCENE? 147 00:04:43,818 --> 00:04:45,485 YOUR SCENE? OR HOW MUCH DO YOU THINK THAT 148 00:04:45,485 --> 00:04:48,921 OR HOW MUCH DO YOU THINK THAT DEPENDS ON HOW THE RESPONSE 149 00:04:48,921 --> 00:04:49,122 DEPENDS ON HOW THE RESPONSE GOES? 150 00:04:49,122 --> 00:04:51,091 GOES? >> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION, 151 00:04:51,091 --> 00:04:54,594 >> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION, MARK, AND IT REALLY DEPENDS ON 152 00:04:54,594 --> 00:04:55,495 MARK, AND IT REALLY DEPENDS ON HOW SUCCESSFULLY WE MITIGATE IN 153 00:04:55,495 --> 00:04:57,298 HOW SUCCESSFULLY WE MITIGATE IN THE SENSE OF PHYSICAL SEPARAION 154 00:04:57,298 --> 00:05:00,200 THE SENSE OF PHYSICAL SEPARAION WHILE THE VIRUS IS ESSENTIALLY 155 00:05:00,200 --> 00:05:02,536 WHILE THE VIRUS IS ESSENTIALLY GOING FREE IN SOCIETY, BECAUSE 156 00:05:02,536 --> 00:05:05,138 GOING FREE IN SOCIETY, BECAUSE IF YOU CAN MITIGATE WELL, I 157 00:05:05,138 --> 00:05:06,906 IF YOU CAN MITIGATE WELL, I THINK THAT 50% IS A HIGH NUMBER. 158 00:05:06,906 --> 00:05:08,742 THINK THAT 50% IS A HIGH NUMBER. IN FACT, EVEN IN SOME OF THE 159 00:05:08,742 --> 00:05:13,346 IN FACT, EVEN IN SOME OF THE PANDEMICS, YOU ARE DOWN TO 50%, 160 00:05:13,346 --> 00:05:15,715 PANDEMICS, YOU ARE DOWN TO 50%, 20%, 25%. 161 00:05:15,715 --> 00:05:16,249 20%, 25%. 50%, IF YOU DO NOTHING TO 162 00:05:16,249 --> 00:05:18,217 50%, IF YOU DO NOTHING TO MITIGATE IT, YOU MAY GET THERE 163 00:05:18,217 --> 00:05:19,986 MITIGATE IT, YOU MAY GET THERE BUT IF YOU DO SOME OF THE THINGS 164 00:05:19,986 --> 00:05:21,054 BUT IF YOU DO SOME OF THE THINGS WE ARE DOING RIGHT NOW, I DOUBT 165 00:05:21,054 --> 00:05:23,156 WE ARE DOING RIGHT NOW, I DOUBT IF IT’S GOING TO BE 50%. 166 00:05:23,156 --> 00:05:24,258 IF IT’S GOING TO BE 50%. YOU NEVER CAN TELL COME OF 167 00:05:24,258 --> 00:05:25,224 YOU NEVER CAN TELL COME OF COURSE IT’S A NEW VIRUS, BUT I 168 00:05:25,224 --> 00:05:27,094 COURSE IT’S A NEW VIRUS, BUT I WOULD BE SURPRISED IF IT WENT 169 00:05:27,094 --> 00:05:30,930 WOULD BE SURPRISED IF IT WENT THAT HIGH. 170 00:05:30,930 --> 00:05:33,634 THAT HIGH. >> ALL RIGHT, SOME PARTS OF THE 171 00:05:33,634 --> 00:05:35,669 >> ALL RIGHT, SOME PARTS OF THE COUNTRY NOW HAVE THESE SHELTERS 172 00:05:35,669 --> 00:05:36,369 COUNTRY NOW HAVE THESE SHELTERS AND PLACE ORDERS OR GUIDANCE. 173 00:05:36,369 --> 00:05:38,371 AND PLACE ORDERS OR GUIDANCE. WHAT DO YOU THINK IS IMPORTANT 174 00:05:38,371 --> 00:05:41,108 WHAT DO YOU THINK IS IMPORTANT FOR PEOPLE TO KNOW ABOUT THOSE? 175 00:05:41,108 --> 00:05:42,342 FOR PEOPLE TO KNOW ABOUT THOSE? >> WELL, THE FIRST THING WHEN 176 00:05:42,342 --> 00:05:45,211 >> WELL, THE FIRST THING WHEN YOU TALK ABOUT SHELTER IN PLACE 177 00:05:45,211 --> 00:05:46,413 YOU TALK ABOUT SHELTER IN PLACE IS THAT THE PEOPLE WHO 178 00:05:46,413 --> 00:05:48,782 IS THAT THE PEOPLE WHO ABSOLUTELY NEED TO DO THAT, 179 00:05:48,782 --> 00:05:51,918 ABSOLUTELY NEED TO DO THAT, NAMELY SELF ISOLATE, ACCORDING 180 00:05:51,918 --> 00:05:53,453 NAMELY SELF ISOLATE, ACCORDING TO THE GUIDELINES, DO IT FOR 15 181 00:05:53,453 --> 00:05:56,989 TO THE GUIDELINES, DO IT FOR 15 DAYS AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS, ARE 182 00:05:56,989 --> 00:05:59,092 DAYS AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS, ARE THE PEOPLE WHO ARE MOST 183 00:05:59,092 --> 00:05:59,927 THE PEOPLE WHO ARE MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO GETTING SERIOUSLY 184 00:05:59,927 --> 00:06:02,129 SUSCEPTIBLE TO GETTING SERIOUSLY ILL AND DYING. 185 00:06:02,129 --> 00:06:04,231 ILL AND DYING. THERE IS A GREAT DISPARITY AMONG 186 00:06:04,231 --> 00:06:05,599 THERE IS A GREAT DISPARITY AMONG THE DEMOGRAPHY OF OUR POPULATION 187 00:06:05,599 --> 00:06:08,435 THE DEMOGRAPHY OF OUR POPULATION ABOUT WHO IS AT RISK FOR GETTING 188 00:06:08,435 --> 00:06:11,537 ABOUT WHO IS AT RISK FOR GETTING INTO SEVERE COMPLICATIONS. 189 00:06:11,537 --> 00:06:12,539 INTO SEVERE COMPLICATIONS. YOUNGER PEOPLE, IT ISN’T ALL OR 190 00:06:12,539 --> 00:06:13,908 YOUNGER PEOPLE, IT ISN’T ALL OR NONE, BUT FOR THE MOST PART, 191 00:06:13,908 --> 00:06:16,409 NONE, BUT FOR THE MOST PART, PEOPLE WHO ARE YOUNG AND HEALTHY 192 00:06:16,409 --> 00:06:19,045 PEOPLE WHO ARE YOUNG AND HEALTHY WILL GET INFECTED, THEY WILL 193 00:06:19,045 --> 00:06:20,980 WILL GET INFECTED, THEY WILL FEEL A VIRAL ILLNESS, SORT OF 194 00:06:20,980 --> 00:06:21,949 FEEL A VIRAL ILLNESS, SORT OF LIKE A FLU-LIKE ILLNESS. 195 00:06:21,949 --> 00:06:23,651 LIKE A FLU-LIKE ILLNESS. THEY WON’T FEEL WELL, BUT THEY 196 00:06:23,651 --> 00:06:26,153 THEY WON’T FEEL WELL, BUT THEY LIKELY WILL NOT NEED ANY 197 00:06:26,153 --> 00:06:28,021 LIKELY WILL NOT NEED ANY SPECIFIC MEDICAL INTERVENTION. 198 00:06:28,021 --> 00:06:29,723 SPECIFIC MEDICAL INTERVENTION. HOWEVER, VERY HEAVILY WEIGHTED 199 00:06:29,723 --> 00:06:34,861 HOWEVER, VERY HEAVILY WEIGHTED TOWARDS THE ELDERLY AND THOSE 200 00:06:34,861 --> 00:06:35,762 TOWARDS THE ELDERLY AND THOSE WITH UNDERLYING CONDITION, HEART 201 00:06:35,762 --> 00:06:40,134 WITH UNDERLYING CONDITION, HEART DISEASE, LUNG DISEASE, KIDNEY 202 00:06:40,134 --> 00:06:41,567 DISEASE, LUNG DISEASE, KIDNEY DISEASE, DIABETES, PEOPLE ON 203 00:06:41,567 --> 00:06:42,435 DISEASE, DIABETES, PEOPLE ON CHEMOTHERAPY FOR CANCER, THEY 204 00:06:42,435 --> 00:06:45,072 CHEMOTHERAPY FOR CANCER, THEY ARE MUCH MORE LIKELY TO GET 205 00:06:45,072 --> 00:06:45,773 ARE MUCH MORE LIKELY TO GET SERIOUS COMPLICATIONS, AND THE 206 00:06:45,773 --> 00:06:48,575 SERIOUS COMPLICATIONS, AND THE DEATH AND MORBIDITY IS VERY MUCH 207 00:06:48,575 --> 00:06:49,976 DEATH AND MORBIDITY IS VERY MUCH HEAVILY WEIGHTED TO THEM. 208 00:06:49,976 --> 00:06:51,077 HEAVILY WEIGHTED TO THEM. SO IF YOU ARE GOING TO DO ANYONE 209 00:06:51,077 --> 00:06:54,014 SO IF YOU ARE GOING TO DO ANYONE THAT NEEDS TO SELF ISOLATE, IT’S 210 00:06:54,014 --> 00:06:56,116 THAT NEEDS TO SELF ISOLATE, IT’S THE PEOPLE WHO ARE IN THE RISK 211 00:06:56,116 --> 00:06:56,382 THE PEOPLE WHO ARE IN THE RISK CATEGORY. 212 00:06:56,382 --> 00:06:59,219 CATEGORY. REGARDING THE YOUNGER PEOPLE, 213 00:06:59,219 --> 00:07:01,121 REGARDING THE YOUNGER PEOPLE, ASKING PEOPLE NOT NECESSARILY TO 214 00:07:01,121 --> 00:07:03,724 ASKING PEOPLE NOT NECESSARILY TO SHELTER IN PLACE, BUT TO AVOID 215 00:07:03,724 --> 00:07:05,559 SHELTER IN PLACE, BUT TO AVOID CROWDS, DON’T GO TO RESTAURANTS 216 00:07:05,559 --> 00:07:06,459 CROWDS, DON’T GO TO RESTAURANTS OR BARS OR PLACES WHERE THERE 217 00:07:06,459 --> 00:07:08,762 OR BARS OR PLACES WHERE THERE ARE A LOT OF CROWDS. 218 00:07:08,762 --> 00:07:12,132 ARE A LOT OF CROWDS. IF YOU’RE IN AN AREA AND ITS 219 00:07:12,132 --> 00:07:12,866 IF YOU’RE IN AN AREA AND ITS DISPARATE, I’M IN THE COUNTRY IS 220 00:07:12,866 --> 00:07:16,069 DISPARATE, I’M IN THE COUNTRY IS IN HOMOGENEOUS WITH REGARD 221 00:07:16,069 --> 00:07:16,436 IN HOMOGENEOUS WITH REGARD TO THE OUTBREAK. 222 00:07:16,436 --> 00:07:18,438 TO THE OUTBREAK. BUT IF YOU ARE IN AN AREA WHERE 223 00:07:18,438 --> 00:07:19,906 BUT IF YOU ARE IN AN AREA WHERE THERE IS COMMUNITY SPREAD, LIKE 224 00:07:19,906 --> 00:07:20,974 THERE IS COMMUNITY SPREAD, LIKE THERE HAS BEEN IN WASHINGTON 225 00:07:20,974 --> 00:07:23,476 THERE HAS BEEN IN WASHINGTON STATE AND SOME PLACES IN 226 00:07:23,476 --> 00:07:24,911 STATE AND SOME PLACES IN NEW YORK, THEN MANY PEOPLE 227 00:07:24,911 --> 00:07:26,546 NEW YORK, THEN MANY PEOPLE SHOULD BE THINKING ABOUT THE 228 00:07:26,546 --> 00:07:27,079 SHOULD BE THINKING ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF ESSENTIALLY 229 00:07:27,079 --> 00:07:29,282 POSSIBILITY OF ESSENTIALLY HUNKERING DOWN FOR A WHILE. 230 00:07:29,282 --> 00:07:30,284 HUNKERING DOWN FOR A WHILE. BUT THE ONES THAT ALWAYS SHOULD 231 00:07:30,284 --> 00:07:32,419 BUT THE ONES THAT ALWAYS SHOULD DO IT ARE THOSE WHO ARE 232 00:07:32,419 --> 00:07:32,986 DO IT ARE THOSE WHO ARE VULNERABLE, THE ELDERLY AND 233 00:07:32,986 --> 00:07:36,257 VULNERABLE, THE ELDERLY AND THOSE WITH UNDERLYING CONDITIONS 234 00:07:36,257 --> 00:07:36,556 THOSE WITH UNDERLYING CONDITIONS CONDITIONS. 235 00:07:36,556 --> 00:07:40,126 CONDITIONS. >> OKAY, WELL SOME OF THE 236 00:07:40,126 --> 00:07:41,161 >> OKAY, WELL SOME OF THE QUESTIONS THAT HAVE COME ON THE 237 00:07:41,161 --> 00:07:43,497 QUESTIONS THAT HAVE COME ON THE THREAD AND IN MY COMMENTS BEFORE 238 00:07:43,497 --> 00:07:47,066 THREAD AND IN MY COMMENTS BEFORE WERE ABOUT, WELL, IF YOUNG 239 00:07:47,066 --> 00:07:47,735 WERE ABOUT, WELL, IF YOUNG PEOPLE HAVE BETTER HEALTH 240 00:07:47,735 --> 00:07:51,070 PEOPLE HAVE BETTER HEALTH OUTCOMES WHEN THEY GET THIS, CAN 241 00:07:51,070 --> 00:07:53,741 OUTCOMES WHEN THEY GET THIS, CAN YOU TALK FOR A MINUTE ABOUT, WHY 242 00:07:53,741 --> 00:07:54,674 YOU TALK FOR A MINUTE ABOUT, WHY IS IT SO IMPORTANT THAT THEY 243 00:07:54,674 --> 00:07:57,043 IS IT SO IMPORTANT THAT THEY TAKE THIS SERIOUSLY TOO, AND HOW 244 00:07:57,043 --> 00:07:59,212 TAKE THIS SERIOUSLY TOO, AND HOW SHOULD THEY ACT TO MAKE SURE 245 00:07:59,212 --> 00:08:00,314 SHOULD THEY ACT TO MAKE SURE THEY CAN KEEP THEIR FAMILIES AND 246 00:08:00,314 --> 00:08:02,649 THEY CAN KEEP THEIR FAMILIES AND THE PEOPLE THAT THEY LOVE SAFE? 247 00:08:02,649 --> 00:08:06,420 THE PEOPLE THAT THEY LOVE SAFE? >> WELL, MARK, THAT IS THE 248 00:08:06,420 --> 00:08:08,488 >> WELL, MARK, THAT IS THE PREVAILING QUESTION, AND IT’S A 249 00:08:08,488 --> 00:08:09,823 PREVAILING QUESTION, AND IT’S A GREAT QUESTION THAT IS A LOGICAL 250 00:08:09,823 --> 00:08:11,292 GREAT QUESTION THAT IS A LOGICAL QUESTION THAT PEOPLE ASK. 251 00:08:11,292 --> 00:08:14,828 QUESTION THAT PEOPLE ASK. THE FACT IS THAT EVEN THOUGH 252 00:08:14,828 --> 00:08:17,998 THE FACT IS THAT EVEN THOUGH YOUNG PEOPLE WILL UNLIKELY, AS A 253 00:08:17,998 --> 00:08:19,665 YOUNG PEOPLE WILL UNLIKELY, AS A GROUP, WITH SOME EXCEPTIONS, BUT 254 00:08:19,665 --> 00:08:22,236 GROUP, WITH SOME EXCEPTIONS, BUT AS A GROUP WILL NOT GET 255 00:08:22,236 --> 00:08:25,171 AS A GROUP WILL NOT GET SERIOUSLY ILL FROM THIS, THEY 256 00:08:25,171 --> 00:08:28,208 SERIOUSLY ILL FROM THIS, THEY CAN AND WILL GET INFECTED, AND 257 00:08:28,208 --> 00:08:29,442 CAN AND WILL GET INFECTED, AND WHAT HAPPENS, EVEN THOUGH THEY 258 00:08:29,442 --> 00:08:31,745 WHAT HAPPENS, EVEN THOUGH THEY MAY BE MINIMAL SYMPTOMS OR 259 00:08:31,745 --> 00:08:35,348 MAY BE MINIMAL SYMPTOMS OR NO SYMPTOMS AT ALL, THEY BECOME 260 00:08:35,348 --> 00:08:38,518 NO SYMPTOMS AT ALL, THEY BECOME THE VECTOR TO INFECTING THOSE 261 00:08:38,518 --> 00:08:39,553 THE VECTOR TO INFECTING THOSE PEOPLE WHO ARE VULNERABLE, WHO 262 00:08:39,553 --> 00:08:40,920 PEOPLE WHO ARE VULNERABLE, WHO CAN GET IN TROUBLE. 263 00:08:40,920 --> 00:08:43,557 CAN GET IN TROUBLE. SO IT REALLY IS ONE OF THOSE 264 00:08:43,557 --> 00:08:44,291 SO IT REALLY IS ONE OF THOSE THINGS, MARK, WHERE WE’LL ALL IN 265 00:08:44,291 --> 00:08:45,559 THINGS, MARK, WHERE WE’LL ALL IN IT TOGETHER. 266 00:08:45,559 --> 00:08:48,561 IT TOGETHER. EVEN THOUGH INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE 267 00:08:48,561 --> 00:08:49,161 EVEN THOUGH INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE YOUNG FEEL THAT THEY ARE 268 00:08:49,161 --> 00:08:50,797 YOUNG FEEL THAT THEY ARE SOMEWHAT INVULNERABLE, I 269 00:08:50,797 --> 00:08:51,464 SOMEWHAT INVULNERABLE, I CERTAINLY FELT THAT WAY WHEN I 270 00:08:51,464 --> 00:08:54,901 CERTAINLY FELT THAT WAY WHEN I WAS VERY YOUNG. 271 00:08:54,901 --> 00:08:55,701 WAS VERY YOUNG. YOU MAY BE INVULNERABLE TO 272 00:08:55,701 --> 00:08:58,505 YOU MAY BE INVULNERABLE TO SERIOUS THINGS. 273 00:08:58,505 --> 00:08:59,705 SERIOUS THINGS. NOBODY IS INVULNERABLE 274 00:08:59,705 --> 00:09:00,707 NOBODY IS INVULNERABLE COMPLETELY, BUT IT’S LESS LIKELY 275 00:09:00,707 --> 00:09:02,809 COMPLETELY, BUT IT’S LESS LIKELY YOU WILL GET SERIOUSLY ILL, BUT 276 00:09:02,809 --> 00:09:03,409 YOU WILL GET SERIOUSLY ILL, BUT YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY NOT 277 00:09:03,409 --> 00:09:07,280 YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY NOT ONLY TO YOURSELF, BUT TO SOCIETY 278 00:09:07,280 --> 00:09:07,847 ONLY TO YOURSELF, BUT TO SOCIETY IN GENERAL, PARTICULARLY THE 279 00:09:07,847 --> 00:09:11,484 IN GENERAL, PARTICULARLY THE VULNERABLE PEOPLE. 280 00:09:11,484 --> 00:09:13,486 VULNERABLE PEOPLE. >> YEAH, SO SOME OTHER QUESTIONS 281 00:09:13,486 --> 00:09:15,187 >> YEAH, SO SOME OTHER QUESTIONS THAT WE ARE GETTING IN THE 282 00:09:15,187 --> 00:09:17,290 THAT WE ARE GETTING IN THE COMMENTS, THERE ARE QUESTIONS 283 00:09:17,290 --> 00:09:20,160 COMMENTS, THERE ARE QUESTIONS FROM PEOPLE WHO -- ONE PERSON, 284 00:09:20,160 --> 00:09:21,094 FROM PEOPLE WHO -- ONE PERSON, JOSEPH, SAYS WE LIVE IN FLORIDA 285 00:09:21,094 --> 00:09:22,962 JOSEPH, SAYS WE LIVE IN FLORIDA AND THERE ARE SOME PEOPLE HERE 286 00:09:22,962 --> 00:09:24,230 AND THERE ARE SOME PEOPLE HERE WHO BELIEVE THAT HOT, HUMID 287 00:09:24,230 --> 00:09:26,266 WHO BELIEVE THAT HOT, HUMID WEATHER WILL KILL THE VIRUS. 288 00:09:26,266 --> 00:09:27,433 WEATHER WILL KILL THE VIRUS. WITH THE APPLICATION THAT IT 289 00:09:27,433 --> 00:09:28,968 WITH THE APPLICATION THAT IT MIGHT NOT AFFECT THEM AND THEY 290 00:09:28,968 --> 00:09:30,170 MIGHT NOT AFFECT THEM AND THEY MIGHT NOT NEED TO TAKE SOME OF 291 00:09:30,170 --> 00:09:35,809 MIGHT NOT NEED TO TAKE SOME OF THIS GUIDANCE SERIOUSLY. 292 00:09:35,809 --> 00:09:37,143 THIS GUIDANCE SERIOUSLY. WHAT IS THE LATEST SCIENTIFIC 293 00:09:37,143 --> 00:09:39,546 WHAT IS THE LATEST SCIENTIFIC THINKING ON THAT, AND HOW SHOULD 294 00:09:39,546 --> 00:09:41,648 THINKING ON THAT, AND HOW SHOULD PEOPLE WHO HAVE THAT QUESTION 295 00:09:41,648 --> 00:09:42,014 PEOPLE WHO HAVE THAT QUESTION RESPOND? 296 00:09:42,014 --> 00:09:43,750 RESPOND? >> OKAY, IT’S A GOOD QUESTION, I 297 00:09:43,750 --> 00:09:45,819 >> OKAY, IT’S A GOOD QUESTION, I WILL TRY TO MAKE IT AS DISTINCT 298 00:09:45,819 --> 00:09:46,119 WILL TRY TO MAKE IT AS DISTINCT AS POSSIBLE. 299 00:09:46,119 --> 00:09:49,155 AS POSSIBLE. PUTTING CORONAVIRUS ASIDE, IN 300 00:09:49,155 --> 00:09:50,957 PUTTING CORONAVIRUS ASIDE, IN GENERAL, RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES 301 00:09:50,957 --> 00:09:53,861 GENERAL, RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES SUCH AS INFLUENZA AND THE 302 00:09:53,861 --> 00:09:57,463 SUCH AS INFLUENZA AND THE RELATIVELY BENIGN COMMON COLD 303 00:09:57,463 --> 00:10:00,633 RELATIVELY BENIGN COMMON COLD VIRUS TEND TO DO VERY WELL IN 304 00:10:00,633 --> 00:10:02,735 VIRUS TEND TO DO VERY WELL IN COLD, DRY WEATHER, AND WHEN 305 00:10:02,735 --> 00:10:04,337 COLD, DRY WEATHER, AND WHEN WARM, MOIST WEATHER COMES, 306 00:10:04,337 --> 00:10:06,306 WARM, MOIST WEATHER COMES, PEOPLE GO OUTSIDE, THEY’RE NOT 307 00:10:06,306 --> 00:10:09,709 PEOPLE GO OUTSIDE, THEY’RE NOT CONGREGATED INDOORS, AND VIRUSES 308 00:10:09,709 --> 00:10:11,477 CONGREGATED INDOORS, AND VIRUSES GENERALLY LIKE COLD, DRY WEATHER 309 00:10:11,477 --> 00:10:13,580 GENERALLY LIKE COLD, DRY WEATHER VERSUS WARM, MOIST WEATHER. 310 00:10:13,580 --> 00:10:17,117 VERSUS WARM, MOIST WEATHER. THAT IS A FACT. 311 00:10:17,117 --> 00:10:19,285 THAT IS A FACT. BUT, WE HAVE NO IDEA, SINCE THIS 312 00:10:19,285 --> 00:10:20,720 BUT, WE HAVE NO IDEA, SINCE THIS IS A BRAND-NEW VIRUS, WHETHER 313 00:10:20,720 --> 00:10:23,123 IS A BRAND-NEW VIRUS, WHETHER THIS VIRUS IS GOING TO FOLLOW 314 00:10:23,123 --> 00:10:23,990 THIS VIRUS IS GOING TO FOLLOW THAT PARADIGM, AND WHETHER OR 315 00:10:23,990 --> 00:10:27,694 THAT PARADIGM, AND WHETHER OR NOT, WHEN IT GETS WARM IN THE 316 00:10:27,694 --> 00:10:30,096 NOT, WHEN IT GETS WARM IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE -- I LIVE IN 317 00:10:30,096 --> 00:10:30,564 NORTHERN HEMISPHERE -- I LIVE IN WASHINGTON. 318 00:10:30,564 --> 00:10:31,398 WASHINGTON. WE ARE JUST AT THE END OF OUR 319 00:10:31,398 --> 00:10:34,000 WE ARE JUST AT THE END OF OUR WINTER IN THE BEGINNING OF 320 00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:35,903 WINTER IN THE BEGINNING OF SPRING, WE CANNOT ABSOLUTELY 321 00:10:35,903 --> 00:10:38,304 SPRING, WE CANNOT ABSOLUTELY EXPECT IT’S GOING TO GO DOWN. 322 00:10:38,304 --> 00:10:40,640 EXPECT IT’S GOING TO GO DOWN. ALTHOUGH, MOST OF THE TIME WITH 323 00:10:40,640 --> 00:10:42,942 ALTHOUGH, MOST OF THE TIME WITH OTHER VIRUSES, IT DOES. 324 00:10:42,942 --> 00:10:44,744 OTHER VIRUSES, IT DOES. SO WHEN SOMEONE IN CALIFORNIA 325 00:10:44,744 --> 00:10:45,778 SO WHEN SOMEONE IN CALIFORNIA SAYS IN GENERAL VIRUSES DON’T DO 326 00:10:45,778 --> 00:10:48,248 SAYS IN GENERAL VIRUSES DON’T DO VERY WELL, THE FACT IS YOU 327 00:10:48,248 --> 00:10:51,618 VERY WELL, THE FACT IS YOU REALLY GOT TO BE CAREFUL BECAUSE 328 00:10:51,618 --> 00:10:53,687 REALLY GOT TO BE CAREFUL BECAUSE UNIQUE VIRUS WHOSE 329 00:10:53,687 --> 00:10:55,554 UNIQUE VIRUS WHOSE CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIOR ARE 330 00:10:55,554 --> 00:10:57,991 CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIOR ARE UNCLEAR TO US RIGHT NOW. 331 00:10:57,991 --> 00:11:01,895 UNCLEAR TO US RIGHT NOW. >> ALL RIGHT, SO YOU TALKED A 332 00:11:01,895 --> 00:11:02,695 >> ALL RIGHT, SO YOU TALKED A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE PROJECTIONS 333 00:11:02,695 --> 00:11:04,964 LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE PROJECTIONS BUT A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE ASKING, 334 00:11:04,964 --> 00:11:05,999 BUT A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE ASKING, WHAT SHOULD WE EXPECT OVER THE 335 00:11:05,999 --> 00:11:07,701 WHAT SHOULD WE EXPECT OVER THE COMING WEEKS AND MONTHS AHEAD? 336 00:11:07,701 --> 00:11:10,536 COMING WEEKS AND MONTHS AHEAD? HOW LONG SHOULD WE EXPECT THESE 337 00:11:10,536 --> 00:11:11,871 HOW LONG SHOULD WE EXPECT THESE KINDS OF ORDERS TO BE IN PLACE, 338 00:11:11,871 --> 00:11:14,140 KINDS OF ORDERS TO BE IN PLACE, AND HOW LONG SHOULD WE GENERALLY 339 00:11:14,140 --> 00:11:15,808 AND HOW LONG SHOULD WE GENERALLY EXPECT TO BE ON HIGH ALERT FOR? 340 00:11:15,808 --> 00:11:18,044 EXPECT TO BE ON HIGH ALERT FOR? ANYTHING YOU CAN GIVE IN TERMS 341 00:11:18,044 --> 00:11:19,145 ANYTHING YOU CAN GIVE IN TERMS OF GUIDANCE FOR WHAT PEOPLE 342 00:11:19,145 --> 00:11:21,781 OF GUIDANCE FOR WHAT PEOPLE SHOULD EXPECT IN THE WEEKS AND 343 00:11:21,781 --> 00:11:23,282 SHOULD EXPECT IN THE WEEKS AND MONTHS AHEAD I THINK WOULD BE 344 00:11:23,282 --> 00:11:23,516 MONTHS AHEAD I THINK WOULD BE USEFUL. 345 00:11:23,516 --> 00:11:25,151 USEFUL. >> YEAH, THAT IS A GOOD 346 00:11:25,151 --> 00:11:26,019 >> YEAH, THAT IS A GOOD QUESTION, MARK. 347 00:11:26,019 --> 00:11:28,121 QUESTION, MARK. WHEN THE GUIDANCE IN THE 348 00:11:28,121 --> 00:11:29,055 WHEN THE GUIDANCE IN THE GUIDELINES AND THE SUGGESTIONS 349 00:11:29,055 --> 00:11:31,491 GUIDELINES AND THE SUGGESTIONS WERE PUT OUT OFFICIALLY FROM THE 350 00:11:31,491 --> 00:11:33,826 WERE PUT OUT OFFICIALLY FROM THE GOVERNMENT, IT WAS SET AT A 351 00:11:33,826 --> 00:11:34,461 GOVERNMENT, IT WAS SET AT A 15-DAY PERIOD. 352 00:11:34,461 --> 00:11:35,963 15-DAY PERIOD. THATDOES NOT MEAN IT’S ONLY 353 00:11:35,963 --> 00:11:37,130 THATDOES NOT MEAN IT’S ONLY GOING TO BE 15 DAYS. 354 00:11:37,130 --> 00:11:39,666 GOING TO BE 15 DAYS. IT MEANS AT THE END OF 15 DAYS, 355 00:11:39,666 --> 00:11:40,700 IT MEANS AT THE END OF 15 DAYS, WE WILL REEVALUATE AND SEE IF 356 00:11:40,700 --> 00:11:44,504 WE WILL REEVALUATE AND SEE IF WHAT WE’VE DONE HAS HAD ANY 357 00:11:44,504 --> 00:11:45,706 WHAT WE’VE DONE HAS HAD ANY NOTICEABLE IMPACT, AND IS IT 358 00:11:45,706 --> 00:11:47,106 NOTICEABLE IMPACT, AND IS IT WORTH GOING ON. 359 00:11:47,106 --> 00:11:48,041 WORTH GOING ON. I WOULD PROJECT PERSONALLY, 360 00:11:48,041 --> 00:11:50,544 I WOULD PROJECT PERSONALLY, THOUGH IT’S ALWAYS DANGEROUS TO 361 00:11:50,544 --> 00:11:52,144 THOUGH IT’S ALWAYS DANGEROUS TO MAKE THESE KINDS OF PROJECTIONS, 362 00:11:52,144 --> 00:11:53,879 MAKE THESE KINDS OF PROJECTIONS, THAT WE WILL GO LONGER THAN TWO 363 00:11:53,879 --> 00:11:54,613 THAT WE WILL GO LONGER THAN TWO WEEKS. 364 00:11:54,613 --> 00:11:56,015 WEEKS. BECAUSE IF YOU LOOK AT WHAT THE 365 00:11:56,015 --> 00:11:58,150 BECAUSE IF YOU LOOK AT WHAT THE VIRUS HAS DONE IN OTHER 366 00:11:58,150 --> 00:11:59,453 VIRUS HAS DONE IN OTHER COUNTRIES, IT DOESN’T JUST TURN 367 00:11:59,453 --> 00:12:01,788 COUNTRIES, IT DOESN’T JUST TURN AROUND OVER A WEEK AND A HALF OR 368 00:12:01,788 --> 00:12:01,989 AROUND OVER A WEEK AND A HALF OR TWO. 369 00:12:01,989 --> 00:12:03,389 TWO. IT TENDS TO GO UP THE STRONGER 370 00:12:03,389 --> 00:12:05,624 IT TENDS TO GO UP THE STRONGER YOUR MITIGATION ACTIVITY 371 00:12:05,624 --> 00:12:08,662 YOUR MITIGATION ACTIVITY OURS, THE LESS THE 372 00:12:08,662 --> 00:12:10,396 OURS, THE LESS THE IMPACT WILL BE, BUT I BELIEVE IT 373 00:12:10,396 --> 00:12:12,533 IMPACT WILL BE, BUT I BELIEVE IT WILL LIKELY BE MORE THAN JUST 374 00:12:12,533 --> 00:12:13,734 WILL LIKELY BE MORE THAN JUST TWO WEEKS. 375 00:12:13,734 --> 00:12:16,069 TWO WEEKS. >> AND WHAT DO YOU THINK THE 376 00:12:16,069 --> 00:12:17,570 >> AND WHAT DO YOU THINK THE LIKELIHOOD IS OF ANOTHER WAVE OF 377 00:12:17,570 --> 00:12:18,572 LIKELIHOOD IS OF ANOTHER WAVE OF THIS? 378 00:12:18,572 --> 00:12:19,872 THIS? EITHER IN THE FALL OR LATER? 379 00:12:19,872 --> 00:12:21,007 EITHER IN THE FALL OR LATER? MAY BE WE WILL GET THIS OUTBREAK 380 00:12:21,007 --> 00:12:24,176 MAY BE WE WILL GET THIS OUTBREAK UNDER CONTROL, BUT WHAT ARE YOU 381 00:12:24,176 --> 00:12:24,877 UNDER CONTROL, BUT WHAT ARE YOU WORRIED ABOUT AND WHAT DO YOU 382 00:12:24,877 --> 00:12:28,282 WORRIED ABOUT AND WHAT DO YOU PROJECT AND EXPECT THERE? 383 00:12:28,282 --> 00:12:29,182 PROJECT AND EXPECT THERE? >> OKAY, WHAT I CERTAINLY WOULD 384 00:12:29,182 --> 00:12:32,919 >> OKAY, WHAT I CERTAINLY WOULD LIKE TO SEE IS WHAT HAPPENED 385 00:12:32,919 --> 00:12:33,186 LIKE TO SEE IS WHAT HAPPENED WITH SARS. 386 00:12:33,186 --> 00:12:35,555 WITH SARS. YOU REMEMBER BACK IN 2,000 TO 387 00:12:35,555 --> 00:12:37,791 YOU REMEMBER BACK IN 2,000 TO THE SEVERE AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY 388 00:12:37,791 --> 00:12:39,925 THE SEVERE AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WITH SARS WHICH 389 00:12:39,925 --> 00:12:41,661 SYSTEM WITH SARS WHICH ORIGINALLY ORIGINATED IN A 390 00:12:41,661 --> 00:12:42,829 ORIGINALLY ORIGINATED IN A PROVINCE IN CHINA HAD ABOUT 391 00:12:42,829 --> 00:12:46,199 PROVINCE IN CHINA HAD ABOUT 8,000 CASES AND 800 DEATHS. 392 00:12:46,199 --> 00:12:48,200 8,000 CASES AND 800 DEATHS. MORTALITY ABOUT 10%. 393 00:12:48,200 --> 00:12:51,104 MORTALITY ABOUT 10%. WHEN PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES 394 00:12:51,104 --> 00:12:52,472 WHEN PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES ESSENTIALLY SUPPRESSED IT, IT 395 00:12:52,472 --> 00:12:52,772 ESSENTIALLY SUPPRESSED IT, IT DISAPPEARED. 396 00:12:52,772 --> 00:12:55,008 DISAPPEARED. IT NEVER CAME BACK. 397 00:12:55,008 --> 00:12:56,977 IT NEVER CAME BACK. I’M AFRAID, MARK, THAT THIS 398 00:12:56,977 --> 00:12:58,478 I’M AFRAID, MARK, THAT THIS VIRUS IS GOING TO BE A LITTLE 399 00:12:58,478 --> 00:13:00,212 VIRUS IS GOING TO BE A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT, EVEN THOUGH IT’S 400 00:13:00,212 --> 00:13:02,348 BIT DIFFERENT, EVEN THOUGH IT’S THE SAME CATEGORY OF A 401 00:13:02,348 --> 00:13:03,949 THE SAME CATEGORY OF A CORONAVIRUS. 402 00:13:03,949 --> 00:13:04,484 CORONAVIRUS. IT SPREADS TO EFFICIENTLY. 403 00:13:04,484 --> 00:13:07,253 IT SPREADS TO EFFICIENTLY. WHAT I WOULD THINK IS LIKELY, 404 00:13:07,253 --> 00:13:10,724 WHAT I WOULD THINK IS LIKELY, NOT INEVITABLE, BUT LIKELY THAT 405 00:13:10,724 --> 00:13:12,359 NOT INEVITABLE, BUT LIKELY THAT ONCE WE SUPPRESS IT -- AND WE 406 00:13:12,359 --> 00:13:12,759 ONCE WE SUPPRESS IT -- AND WE WILL. 407 00:13:12,759 --> 00:13:17,930 WILL. WE WILL GET OVER THIS MASSIVE 408 00:13:17,930 --> 00:13:19,099 WE WILL GET OVER THIS MASSIVE ONCE WE GET BY IT, IT IS 409 00:13:19,099 --> 00:13:21,100 ONCE WE GET BY IT, IT IS CONCEIVABLE AND MAY BE LIKELY 410 00:13:21,100 --> 00:13:24,170 CONCEIVABLE AND MAY BE LIKELY THAT WHEN WE GET TO THE NEXT 411 00:13:24,170 --> 00:13:25,704 THAT WHEN WE GET TO THE NEXT SEASON, WE MAY SEE ANOTHER BLIP 412 00:13:25,704 --> 00:13:26,340 SEASON, WE MAY SEE ANOTHER BLIP OF THIS. 413 00:13:26,340 --> 00:13:27,607 OF THIS. BUT IT WOULD REALLY BE 414 00:13:27,607 --> 00:13:29,075 BUT IT WOULD REALLY BE DIFFERENT, AND I’LL TELL YOU WHY 415 00:13:29,075 --> 00:13:29,742 DIFFERENT, AND I’LL TELL YOU WHY IT’S DIFFERENT. 416 00:13:29,742 --> 00:13:30,476 IT’S DIFFERENT. BECAUSE A CERTAIN PERCENTAGE OF 417 00:13:30,476 --> 00:13:33,346 BECAUSE A CERTAIN PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION WILL ALREADY HAVE 418 00:13:33,346 --> 00:13:35,248 THE POPULATION WILL ALREADY HAVE BEEN IMMUNE, A BIT OF WHAT WE 419 00:13:35,248 --> 00:13:37,383 BEEN IMMUNE, A BIT OF WHAT WE CALL HER IMMUNITY. 420 00:13:37,383 --> 00:13:39,418 CALL HER IMMUNITY. WE LIKELY, BY THAT TIME, WILL 421 00:13:39,418 --> 00:13:42,221 WE LIKELY, BY THAT TIME, WILL HAVE TESTED A NUMBER OF DRUGS. 422 00:13:42,221 --> 00:13:44,724 HAVE TESTED A NUMBER OF DRUGS. HOPEFULLY SOME OF THEM WILL BE 423 00:13:44,724 --> 00:13:45,892 HOPEFULLY SOME OF THEM WILL BE EFFECTIVE IN TREATMENT. 424 00:13:45,892 --> 00:13:47,459 EFFECTIVE IN TREATMENT. AND AS I MENTIONED JUST A COUPLE 425 00:13:47,459 --> 00:13:49,929 AND AS I MENTIONED JUST A COUPLE OF DAYS AGO, WE STARTED A 426 00:13:49,929 --> 00:13:51,397 OF DAYS AGO, WE STARTED A VACCINE TRIAL AND WE HOPEFULLY, 427 00:13:51,397 --> 00:13:52,865 VACCINE TRIAL AND WE HOPEFULLY, WITHIN A YEAR OR A YEAR AND A 428 00:13:52,865 --> 00:13:55,068 WITHIN A YEAR OR A YEAR AND A HALF, WILL HAVE A VACCINE. 429 00:13:55,068 --> 00:13:56,670 HALF, WILL HAVE A VACCINE. SO ALTHOUGH WE ARE PREPARING, 430 00:13:56,670 --> 00:13:58,871 SO ALTHOUGH WE ARE PREPARING, AND MAY BE EXPECTING FOR IT TO 431 00:13:58,871 --> 00:13:59,972 AND MAY BE EXPECTING FOR IT TO COME BACK, IT’S NOT GOING TO 432 00:13:59,972 --> 00:14:01,740 COME BACK, IT’S NOT GOING TO COME BACK IN THE SAME 433 00:14:01,740 --> 00:14:04,344 COME BACK IN THE SAME CIRCUMSTANCES AS IT FIRST CAME. 434 00:14:04,344 --> 00:14:06,846 CIRCUMSTANCES AS IT FIRST CAME. >> SURE, AND I WANT TO GET TO 435 00:14:06,846 --> 00:14:08,280 >> SURE, AND I WANT TO GET TO THE VACCINE AND OTHER POTENTIAL 436 00:14:08,280 --> 00:14:09,916 THE VACCINE AND OTHER POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES IN A FEW 437 00:14:09,916 --> 00:14:10,150 THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES IN A FEW MINUTES. 438 00:14:10,150 --> 00:14:11,517 MINUTES. BUT BEFORE WE GET TO THAT, JUST 439 00:14:11,517 --> 00:14:14,921 BUT BEFORE WE GET TO THAT, JUST AS YOU ARE THINKING ABOUT THAT, 440 00:14:14,921 --> 00:14:15,856 AS YOU ARE THINKING ABOUT THAT, AS PEOPLE START COMING BACK TO 441 00:14:15,856 --> 00:14:17,990 AS PEOPLE START COMING BACK TO WORK AND GOING BACK TO OFFICES 442 00:14:17,990 --> 00:14:19,626 WORK AND GOING BACK TO OFFICES AND DOING EVENTS AGAIN, WE ARE 443 00:14:19,626 --> 00:14:20,893 AND DOING EVENTS AGAIN, WE ARE TALKING ABOUT POTENTIALLY 444 00:14:20,893 --> 00:14:25,098 TALKING ABOUT POTENTIALLY ANOTHER WAVE IN THE FALL, OR A 445 00:14:25,098 --> 00:14:26,933 ANOTHER WAVE IN THE FALL, OR A FOLLOWING SEASON. 446 00:14:26,933 --> 00:14:29,469 FOLLOWING SEASON. BUT WHAT IS GOING TO PREVENT IT 447 00:14:29,469 --> 00:14:30,103 BUT WHAT IS GOING TO PREVENT IT FROM JUST BLARING UP AGAIN AS 448 00:14:30,103 --> 00:14:32,406 FROM JUST BLARING UP AGAIN AS SOON AS PEOPLE GO BACK TO LIVING 449 00:14:32,406 --> 00:14:35,141 SOON AS PEOPLE GO BACK TO LIVING THE WAY THAT THEY WERE BEFORE? 450 00:14:35,141 --> 00:14:35,408 THE WAY THAT THEY WERE BEFORE? >> RIGHT. 451 00:14:35,408 --> 00:14:38,711 >> RIGHT. THAT’S A GOOD QUESTION, AND AS I 452 00:14:38,711 --> 00:14:42,215 THAT’S A GOOD QUESTION, AND AS I ALWAYS AM, MARK, QUITE OBVIOUS 453 00:14:42,215 --> 00:14:43,782 ALWAYS AM, MARK, QUITE OBVIOUS THAT SOMETHING THAT’S SOMETHING 454 00:14:43,782 --> 00:14:47,253 THAT SOMETHING THAT’S SOMETHING WE NEED TO FEEL IS A 455 00:14:47,253 --> 00:14:47,553 WE NEED TO FEEL IS A POSSIBILITY. 456 00:14:47,553 --> 00:14:50,456 POSSIBILITY. SO WE ARE GOING TO TEST THAT, SO 457 00:14:50,456 --> 00:14:52,258 SO WE ARE GOING TO TEST THAT, SO EVEN AS YOU AND I ARE SPEAKING 458 00:14:52,258 --> 00:14:55,094 EVEN AS YOU AND I ARE SPEAKING HERE, IT’S BEING TESTED. 459 00:14:55,094 --> 00:14:57,330 HERE, IT’S BEING TESTED. BECAUSE CHINA WENT WAY UP, AND 460 00:14:57,330 --> 00:14:57,830 BECAUSE CHINA WENT WAY UP, AND THEY REALLY LOCKED DOWN. 461 00:14:57,830 --> 00:14:58,598 THEY REALLY LOCKED DOWN. I MEAN IF YOU WANT TO TALK ABOUT 462 00:14:58,598 --> 00:15:01,634 I MEAN IF YOU WANT TO TALK ABOUT LOCKING DOWN, SEE WHAT CHINA 463 00:15:01,634 --> 00:15:01,800 LOCKING DOWN, SEE WHAT CHINA DID. 464 00:15:01,800 --> 00:15:04,504 DID. I MEAN, THEY ESSENTIALLY SHUT 465 00:15:04,504 --> 00:15:07,173 I MEAN, THEY ESSENTIALLY SHUT DOWN ENTIRE CITIES OF 10 TO 466 00:15:07,173 --> 00:15:11,711 DOWN ENTIRE CITIES OF 10 TO 20 MILLION PEOPLE, AND THEY DID 467 00:15:11,711 --> 00:15:13,179 20 MILLION PEOPLE, AND THEY DID IT AND THE EPIDEMIC IN THEIR 468 00:15:13,179 --> 00:15:15,114 IT AND THE EPIDEMIC IN THEIR COUNTRY WENT WAY DOWN TO 469 00:15:15,114 --> 00:15:15,648 COUNTRY WENT WAY DOWN TO PRACTICALLY NOTHING. 470 00:15:15,648 --> 00:15:16,683 PRACTICALLY NOTHING. THERE WERE LESS THAN A HANDFUL 471 00:15:16,683 --> 00:15:19,819 THERE WERE LESS THAN A HANDFUL OF NEW CASES YESTERDAY IN CHINA. 472 00:15:19,819 --> 00:15:21,654 OF NEW CASES YESTERDAY IN CHINA. VERY, VERY FEW. 473 00:15:21,654 --> 00:15:24,791 VERY, VERY FEW. WHAT’S HAPPENING NOW IS THE 474 00:15:24,791 --> 00:15:26,693 WHAT’S HAPPENING NOW IS THE CHINESE ARE RECONNECTING THEIR 475 00:15:26,693 --> 00:15:27,393 CHINESE ARE RECONNECTING THEIR SOCIETY. 476 00:15:27,393 --> 00:15:29,095 SOCIETY. THEY’RE COMING OUT FROM 477 00:15:29,095 --> 00:15:29,996 THEY’RE COMING OUT FROM HUNKERING DOWN, THEY’RE COMING 478 00:15:29,996 --> 00:15:32,799 HUNKERING DOWN, THEY’RE COMING OUT FROM LOCKING DOWN. 479 00:15:32,799 --> 00:15:35,334 OUT FROM LOCKING DOWN. IF WE SEE ANOTHER BLIP IN CHINA, 480 00:15:35,334 --> 00:15:36,169 IF WE SEE ANOTHER BLIP IN CHINA, THAT WILL BE OMINOUS, BECAUSE 481 00:15:36,169 --> 00:15:38,238 THAT WILL BE OMINOUS, BECAUSE THAT WILL MEAN THAT IF YOU 482 00:15:38,238 --> 00:15:40,506 THAT WILL MEAN THAT IF YOU LOCKED DOWN AND YOU PREVENT A 483 00:15:40,506 --> 00:15:43,142 LOCKED DOWN AND YOU PREVENT A BIG BLAST OF INFECTIONS, THERE 484 00:15:43,142 --> 00:15:44,478 BIG BLAST OF INFECTIONS, THERE IS A CHANCE YOU MIGHT HAVE A 485 00:15:44,478 --> 00:15:45,278 IS A CHANCE YOU MIGHT HAVE A REBOUND. 486 00:15:45,278 --> 00:15:46,412 REBOUND. WE ARE WATCHING VERY CLOSELY 487 00:15:46,412 --> 00:15:48,948 WE ARE WATCHING VERY CLOSELY WHAT’S GOING ON IN CHINA NOW, 488 00:15:48,948 --> 00:15:51,150 WHAT’S GOING ON IN CHINA NOW, BECAUSE THEY ARE GETTING BACK TO 489 00:15:51,150 --> 00:15:51,384 BECAUSE THEY ARE GETTING BACK TO NORMAL. 490 00:15:51,384 --> 00:15:53,453 NORMAL. THEY ARE TRYING TO GET BACK TO 491 00:15:53,453 --> 00:15:54,320 THEY ARE TRYING TO GET BACK TO NORMAL. 492 00:15:54,320 --> 00:15:56,189 NORMAL. >> YEAH, THAT MAKES SENSE. 493 00:15:56,189 --> 00:15:58,692 >> YEAH, THAT MAKES SENSE. IT WAS PART OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH 494 00:15:58,692 --> 00:16:00,494 IT WAS PART OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE, WHAT HAS BEEN THE 495 00:16:00,494 --> 00:16:01,394 RESPONSE, WHAT HAS BEEN THE BIGGEST ISSUE WITH ROLLING OUT 496 00:16:01,394 --> 00:16:02,696 BIGGEST ISSUE WITH ROLLING OUT TESTING MORE BROADLY, AND WHAT 497 00:16:02,696 --> 00:16:06,566 TESTING MORE BROADLY, AND WHAT ARE THE BIGGEST BARRIERS TO 498 00:16:06,566 --> 00:16:07,200 ARE THE BIGGEST BARRIERS TO EXPANDING TESTING CAPACITY GOING 499 00:16:07,200 --> 00:16:09,202 EXPANDING TESTING CAPACITY GOING FORWARD HERE? 500 00:16:09,202 --> 00:16:11,370 FORWARD HERE? >> GOING FORWARD IS THE GOOD 501 00:16:11,370 --> 00:16:13,105 >> GOING FORWARD IS THE GOOD NEWS. 502 00:16:13,105 --> 00:16:14,073 NEWS. WHAT’S HAPPENING IS SOBERING AND 503 00:16:14,073 --> 00:16:16,209 WHAT’S HAPPENING IS SOBERING AND UNFORTUNATE IN THAT THE ORIGINAL 504 00:16:16,209 --> 00:16:17,410 UNFORTUNATE IN THAT THE ORIGINAL SYSTEM THAT WAS PUT INTO PLACE 505 00:16:17,410 --> 00:16:21,113 SYSTEM THAT WAS PUT INTO PLACE FOR THESE KINDS OF RESPONSES WAS 506 00:16:21,113 --> 00:16:24,350 FOR THESE KINDS OF RESPONSES WAS NOT REALLY SUITED IN THE BEST 507 00:16:24,350 --> 00:16:27,653 NOT REALLY SUITED IN THE BEST POSSIBLE WAY FOR BROAD, BLANKET 508 00:16:27,653 --> 00:16:29,990 POSSIBLE WAY FOR BROAD, BLANKET TYPE TESTING THAT MANY, MANY, 509 00:16:29,990 --> 00:16:30,623 TYPE TESTING THAT MANY, MANY, MANY, MANY MILLIONS OF PEOPLE 510 00:16:30,623 --> 00:16:33,859 MANY, MANY MILLIONS OF PEOPLE WOULD WANT. 511 00:16:33,859 --> 00:16:35,728 WOULD WANT. IT’S A TEST THAT, FOR CERTAIN 512 00:16:35,728 --> 00:16:38,865 IT’S A TEST THAT, FOR CERTAIN SITUATIONS WORKED WELL. 513 00:16:38,865 --> 00:16:41,167 SITUATIONS WORKED WELL. WHICH IT DEPENDED A LOT ON THE 514 00:16:41,167 --> 00:16:41,667 WHICH IT DEPENDED A LOT ON THE CDC, THE PUBLIC HEALTH 515 00:16:41,667 --> 00:16:44,637 CDC, THE PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTIONS IN THE STATE, AND 516 00:16:44,637 --> 00:16:46,639 INSTITUTIONS IN THE STATE, AND THE PHYSICIANS TO ASK FOR A TEST 517 00:16:46,639 --> 00:16:49,342 THE PHYSICIANS TO ASK FOR A TEST TO GO THROUGH THAT PROCESS. 518 00:16:49,342 --> 00:16:52,279 TO GO THROUGH THAT PROCESS. WHAT IT DIDN’T DO EARLY ON IS 519 00:16:52,279 --> 00:16:55,248 WHAT IT DIDN’T DO EARLY ON IS SOMETHING THAT, AS LESSONS 520 00:16:55,248 --> 00:16:56,349 SOMETHING THAT, AS LESSONS LEARNED, WE CLEARLY WILL DO IN 521 00:16:56,349 --> 00:16:59,151 LEARNED, WE CLEARLY WILL DO IN THE FUTURE AND ARE DOING NOW, IS 522 00:16:59,151 --> 00:17:01,187 THE FUTURE AND ARE DOING NOW, IS TO INVOLVE THE PRIVATE SECTOR. 523 00:17:01,187 --> 00:17:04,090 TO INVOLVE THE PRIVATE SECTOR. THE HEAVY HITTING COMPANIES WHO 524 00:17:04,090 --> 00:17:06,326 THE HEAVY HITTING COMPANIES WHO DO THIS FOR A LIVING WHO CAN 525 00:17:06,326 --> 00:17:08,261 DO THIS FOR A LIVING WHO CAN GIVE YOU HIGH INPUT TESTING 526 00:17:08,261 --> 00:17:09,895 GIVE YOU HIGH INPUT TESTING IN THE TENS OF MILLIONS, AS 527 00:17:09,895 --> 00:17:10,564 IN THE TENS OF MILLIONS, AS OPPOSED TO SOMETHING THAT IS A 528 00:17:10,564 --> 00:17:12,999 OPPOSED TO SOMETHING THAT IS A LITTLE BIT MORE CONSTRAINED. 529 00:17:12,999 --> 00:17:16,635 LITTLE BIT MORE CONSTRAINED. SO LOOKING FORWARD, WE WILL 530 00:17:16,635 --> 00:17:20,106 SO LOOKING FORWARD, WE WILL SOON, MAYBE ALREADY, START TO 531 00:17:20,106 --> 00:17:21,673 SOON, MAYBE ALREADY, START TO SEE AN ESCALATION OF THE 532 00:17:21,673 --> 00:17:22,275 SEE AN ESCALATION OF THE CAPABILITY OF NOT ONLY GETTING 533 00:17:22,275 --> 00:17:24,243 CAPABILITY OF NOT ONLY GETTING TESTERS OUT THERE, BUT TO BE 534 00:17:24,243 --> 00:17:26,946 TESTERS OUT THERE, BUT TO BE ABLE TO IMPLEMENT THEM. 535 00:17:26,946 --> 00:17:27,747 ABLE TO IMPLEMENT THEM. BUT THAT’S A BIG LESSON LEARNED 536 00:17:27,747 --> 00:17:30,317 BUT THAT’S A BIG LESSON LEARNED FOR NEXT TIME. 537 00:17:30,317 --> 00:17:32,319 FOR NEXT TIME. >> YEAH, SO HOW FAR OFF DO YOU 538 00:17:32,319 --> 00:17:34,486 >> YEAH, SO HOW FAR OFF DO YOU THINK WE ARE FROM HAVING THE 539 00:17:34,486 --> 00:17:35,555 THINK WE ARE FROM HAVING THE TESTING CAPACITY WE NEED? 540 00:17:35,555 --> 00:17:37,590 TESTING CAPACITY WE NEED? IS THAT DAYS, WEEKS, MORE? 541 00:17:37,590 --> 00:17:41,460 IS THAT DAYS, WEEKS, MORE? I KNOW THAT OUR PHILANTHROPY AT 542 00:17:41,460 --> 00:17:43,362 I KNOW THAT OUR PHILANTHROPY AT THE CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE 543 00:17:43,362 --> 00:17:45,364 THE CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE JUST ANNOUNCED TODAY THAT WE ARE 544 00:17:45,364 --> 00:17:46,732 JUST ANNOUNCED TODAY THAT WE ARE PARTNERING WITH THE GOVERNOR AND 545 00:17:46,732 --> 00:17:48,869 PARTNERING WITH THE GOVERNOR AND THE BAY AREA TO INCREASE 546 00:17:48,869 --> 00:17:50,837 THE BAY AREA TO INCREASE CAPACITY TO MORE THAN 1,000 547 00:17:50,837 --> 00:17:53,439 CAPACITY TO MORE THAN 1,000 TESTS PER DAY OVER THE NEXT FEW 548 00:17:53,439 --> 00:17:54,707 TESTS PER DAY OVER THE NEXT FEW DAYS, BUT NATIONALLY, DO YOU 549 00:17:54,707 --> 00:17:57,276 DAYS, BUT NATIONALLY, DO YOU THINK WE ARE AT THAT KIND OF 550 00:17:57,276 --> 00:17:58,711 THINK WE ARE AT THAT KIND OF SCALE IN THE NEXT DAYS, OR 551 00:17:58,711 --> 00:18:01,180 SCALE IN THE NEXT DAYS, OR WEEKS, OR HOW FAR OFF ARE WE? 552 00:18:01,180 --> 00:18:03,182 WEEKS, OR HOW FAR OFF ARE WE? >> I THINK WE WILL BE HEADING 553 00:18:03,182 --> 00:18:05,251 >> I THINK WE WILL BE HEADING TOWARDS THAT SCALE IN THE NEXT 554 00:18:05,251 --> 00:18:05,918 TOWARDS THAT SCALE IN THE NEXT COUPLE OF DAYS, AND CERTAINLY IN 555 00:18:05,918 --> 00:18:07,986 COUPLE OF DAYS, AND CERTAINLY IN THE NEXT COUPLE OF WEEKS WE HAVE 556 00:18:07,986 --> 00:18:08,955 THE NEXT COUPLE OF WEEKS WE HAVE BEEN PROMISED BY THE COMPANIES 557 00:18:08,955 --> 00:18:10,489 BEEN PROMISED BY THE COMPANIES THAT THEY WILL BE ABLE TO GET 558 00:18:10,489 --> 00:18:12,659 THAT THEY WILL BE ABLE TO GET THE TESTING OUT THERE IN A MUCH 559 00:18:12,659 --> 00:18:13,426 THE TESTING OUT THERE IN A MUCH HIGHER VOLUME THAN WHAT WE HAVE 560 00:18:13,426 --> 00:18:15,494 HIGHER VOLUME THAN WHAT WE HAVE IN THE PAST. 561 00:18:15,494 --> 00:18:17,763 IN THE PAST. THAT IS NOT WHAT I DO, MARK, SO 562 00:18:17,763 --> 00:18:20,100 THAT IS NOT WHAT I DO, MARK, SO I CAN’T PERSONALLY GUARANTEE IT, 563 00:18:20,100 --> 00:18:20,934 I CAN’T PERSONALLY GUARANTEE IT, BUT FROM WHAT I’M HEARING AND 564 00:18:20,934 --> 00:18:22,936 BUT FROM WHAT I’M HEARING AND SEEING, I THINK THAT THE RIGHT 565 00:18:22,936 --> 00:18:23,536 SEEING, I THINK THAT THE RIGHT PEOPLE ARE IN THE RIGHT PLACE 566 00:18:23,536 --> 00:18:26,339 PEOPLE ARE IN THE RIGHT PLACE DOING THAT RIGHT NOW. 567 00:18:26,339 --> 00:18:28,074 DOING THAT RIGHT NOW. >> ALL RIGHT, MOVING ON TO 568 00:18:28,074 --> 00:18:29,308 >> ALL RIGHT, MOVING ON TO ANOTHER THING THAT MAY NOT BE 569 00:18:29,308 --> 00:18:30,176 ANOTHER THING THAT MAY NOT BE WHAT YOU PERSONALLY OVERSEE, BUT 570 00:18:30,176 --> 00:18:31,878 WHAT YOU PERSONALLY OVERSEE, BUT YOU CERTAINLY HAVE GOOD 571 00:18:31,878 --> 00:18:35,514 YOU CERTAINLY HAVE GOOD VISIBILITY INTO THIS, A LOT OF 572 00:18:35,514 --> 00:18:36,182 VISIBILITY INTO THIS, A LOT OF PEOPLE RIGHT NOW ARE WORRIED 573 00:18:36,182 --> 00:18:38,852 PEOPLE RIGHT NOW ARE WORRIED ABOUT A SPIKE IN THE NUMBER OF 574 00:18:38,852 --> 00:18:40,854 ABOUT A SPIKE IN THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS OVERWHELMING THE 575 00:18:40,854 --> 00:18:41,988 PATIENTS OVERWHELMING THE HOSPITAL SYSTEM AND THE MEDICAL 576 00:18:41,988 --> 00:18:45,757 HOSPITAL SYSTEM AND THE MEDICAL SYSTEM ACROSS THE COUNTRY. 577 00:18:45,757 --> 00:18:46,826 SYSTEM ACROSS THE COUNTRY. SO HOW CONCERNED ARE YOU ABOUT 578 00:18:46,826 --> 00:18:50,295 SO HOW CONCERNED ARE YOU ABOUT THIS, AND SHORTAGE OF BEDS, I 579 00:18:50,295 --> 00:18:52,331 THIS, AND SHORTAGE OF BEDS, I SEE YOUS PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 580 00:18:52,331 --> 00:18:56,469 SEE YOUS PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT LIKE MASKS, VENTILATORS. 581 00:18:56,469 --> 00:18:58,672 LIKE MASKS, VENTILATORS. HOW ARE WE DOING ON ADDRESSING A 582 00:18:58,672 --> 00:18:59,839 HOW ARE WE DOING ON ADDRESSING A POTENTIAL SHORTFALL, AND WHAT 583 00:18:59,839 --> 00:19:01,040 POTENTIAL SHORTFALL, AND WHAT MORE SHOULD WE BE DOING THEIR? 584 00:19:01,040 --> 00:19:03,876 MORE SHOULD WE BE DOING THEIR? >> YEAH. 585 00:19:03,876 --> 00:19:05,845 >> YEAH. SO WHENEVER YOU HAVE, AND IT 586 00:19:05,845 --> 00:19:06,512 SO WHENEVER YOU HAVE, AND IT HAPPENS RARELY, BUT WHENEVER YOU 587 00:19:06,512 --> 00:19:09,181 HAPPENS RARELY, BUT WHENEVER YOU HAVE AN OUTBREAK THAT REALLY IS 588 00:19:09,181 --> 00:19:12,118 HAVE AN OUTBREAK THAT REALLY IS A FULL-BLOWN EXPLOSIVE 589 00:19:12,118 --> 00:19:14,286 A FULL-BLOWN EXPLOSIVE OUTBREAK, EVEN THE BEST OF 590 00:19:14,286 --> 00:19:14,721 OUTBREAK, EVEN THE BEST OF PREPARATIONS CAN GET 591 00:19:14,721 --> 00:19:15,021 PREPARATIONS CAN GET OVERWHELMED. 592 00:19:15,021 --> 00:19:17,657 OVERWHELMED. PARTICULARLY OF THE ELEMENTS 593 00:19:17,657 --> 00:19:18,758 PARTICULARLY OF THE ELEMENTS THAT YOU DESCRIBED. 594 00:19:18,758 --> 00:19:21,360 THAT YOU DESCRIBED. RESPIRATORS, VENTILATORS, BEDS, 595 00:19:21,360 --> 00:19:24,329 RESPIRATORS, VENTILATORS, BEDS, ICU, THINGS LIKE THAT. 596 00:19:24,329 --> 00:19:27,633 ICU, THINGS LIKE THAT. RIGHT NOW, WE HAVE A STRATEGIC 597 00:19:27,633 --> 00:19:28,567 RIGHT NOW, WE HAVE A STRATEGIC NATIONAL STOCKPILE THAT HAS 598 00:19:28,567 --> 00:19:32,505 NATIONAL STOCKPILE THAT HAS ABOUT 12,700 VENTILATORS. 599 00:19:32,505 --> 00:19:35,207 ABOUT 12,700 VENTILATORS. TENS AND TENS OF MILLIONS OF 600 00:19:35,207 --> 00:19:35,408 TENS AND TENS OF MILLIONS OF MASKS. 601 00:19:35,408 --> 00:19:36,008 MASKS. IT IS A POSSIBILITY THAT THAT 602 00:19:36,008 --> 00:19:38,277 IT IS A POSSIBILITY THAT THAT COULD NOT BE ENOUGH. 603 00:19:38,277 --> 00:19:40,413 COULD NOT BE ENOUGH. AND IF IT’S A BIG, BIG OUTBREAK, 604 00:19:40,413 --> 00:19:42,114 AND IF IT’S A BIG, BIG OUTBREAK, IT WON’T BE ENOUGH. 605 00:19:42,114 --> 00:19:42,916 IT WON’T BE ENOUGH. SO WHAT HAPPENED MOST RECENTLY 606 00:19:42,916 --> 00:19:45,518 SO WHAT HAPPENED MOST RECENTLY OVER THE LAST COUPLE OF DAYS, A 607 00:19:45,518 --> 00:19:47,687 OVER THE LAST COUPLE OF DAYS, A NUMBER OF INITIATIVES HAVE 608 00:19:47,687 --> 00:19:48,421 NUMBER OF INITIATIVES HAVE OCCURRED FROM THE WHITE HOUSE, 609 00:19:48,421 --> 00:19:50,556 OCCURRED FROM THE WHITE HOUSE, FROM THE PRESIDENT. 610 00:19:50,556 --> 00:19:52,291 FROM THE PRESIDENT. ONE IS TO GET THE DEPARTMENT OF 611 00:19:52,291 --> 00:19:55,093 ONE IS TO GET THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TO BE PUTTING IN A 612 00:19:55,093 --> 00:19:57,196 DEFENSE TO BE PUTTING IN A CONSIDERABLY LARGER OF 613 00:19:57,196 --> 00:20:01,867 CONSIDERABLY LARGER OF VENTILATORS TO BE AVAILABLE 614 00:20:01,867 --> 00:20:02,501 VENTILATORS TO BE AVAILABLE IN CASE OUR STRATEGIC NATIONAL 615 00:20:02,501 --> 00:20:04,504 IN CASE OUR STRATEGIC NATIONAL STOCKPILE IS NOT ENOUGH. 616 00:20:04,504 --> 00:20:07,673 STOCKPILE IS NOT ENOUGH. IN ADDITION, MANY, MANY MILLIONS 617 00:20:07,673 --> 00:20:09,042 IN ADDITION, MANY, MANY MILLIONS OF MASKS ARE GOING TO BE 618 00:20:09,042 --> 00:20:09,308 OF MASKS ARE GOING TO BE AVAILABLE. 619 00:20:09,308 --> 00:20:12,278 AVAILABLE. THE RESPIRATOR MASKS, THE LETTER 620 00:20:12,278 --> 00:20:13,446 THE RESPIRATOR MASKS, THE LETTER AND 95S. 621 00:20:13,446 --> 00:20:13,713 AND 95S. SO WE COULD 622 00:20:16,182 --> 00:20:18,684 GET OVERRUN, WE COULD HAVE UP 623 00:20:18,684 --> 00:20:20,453 GET OVERRUN, WE COULD HAVE UP OUR CITY OF BEDS. 624 00:20:20,453 --> 00:20:22,321 OUR CITY OF BEDS. TWO OF THE NAVY SHIPS, THE 625 00:20:22,321 --> 00:20:24,690 TWO OF THE NAVY SHIPS, THE COMFORT AND THE MERCY, ARE BEING 626 00:20:24,690 --> 00:20:25,458 COMFORT AND THE MERCY, ARE BEING MOBILIZED. 627 00:20:25,458 --> 00:20:27,426 MOBILIZED. ONE BEING SENT RIGHT NOW TO THE 628 00:20:27,426 --> 00:20:28,027 ONE BEING SENT RIGHT NOW TO THE NEW YORK AREA BECAUSE THEY ARE 629 00:20:28,027 --> 00:20:30,596 NEW YORK AREA BECAUSE THEY ARE HAVING A PARTICULAR AREA IN 630 00:20:30,596 --> 00:20:33,099 HAVING A PARTICULAR AREA IN NEW YORK, IN CASE THEY GET 631 00:20:33,099 --> 00:20:35,068 NEW YORK, IN CASE THEY GET OVERRUN WITH LACK OF BEDS. 632 00:20:35,068 --> 00:20:35,735 OVERRUN WITH LACK OF BEDS. THEN THEY COULD PUT PATIENTS WHO 633 00:20:35,735 --> 00:20:38,004 THEN THEY COULD PUT PATIENTS WHO WOULD NORMALLY BE IN A REGULAR 634 00:20:38,004 --> 00:20:40,906 WOULD NORMALLY BE IN A REGULAR BED IN THE HOSPITAL SHIP AND 635 00:20:40,906 --> 00:20:42,275 BED IN THE HOSPITAL SHIP AND PUTTING PEOPLE WITH CORONAVIRUS 636 00:20:42,275 --> 00:20:44,710 PUTTING PEOPLE WITH CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AND COVID-19 DISEASE 637 00:20:44,710 --> 00:20:47,313 INFECTION AND COVID-19 DISEASE IN THE REGULAR HOSPITAL BEDS. 638 00:20:47,313 --> 00:20:49,515 IN THE REGULAR HOSPITAL BEDS. SO IT’S A POSSIBILITY THAT WE 639 00:20:49,515 --> 00:20:51,350 SO IT’S A POSSIBILITY THAT WE MIGHT HAVE A PROBLEM, BUT I SEE 640 00:20:51,350 --> 00:20:52,451 MIGHT HAVE A PROBLEM, BUT I SEE A LOT OF ACTIVITY TRYING TO 641 00:20:52,451 --> 00:20:55,721 A LOT OF ACTIVITY TRYING TO OBVIATE THAT PROBLEM. 642 00:20:55,721 --> 00:20:57,323 OBVIATE THAT PROBLEM. >> AND WHAT DO YOU THINK -- IS 643 00:20:57,323 --> 00:20:59,858 >> AND WHAT DO YOU THINK -- IS IT A SHORTFALL ON ALL OF THOSE 644 00:20:59,858 --> 00:21:03,696 IT A SHORTFALL ON ALL OF THOSE RESOURCES, BEDS, ICUS, 645 00:21:03,696 --> 00:21:04,330 RESOURCES, BEDS, ICUS, VENTILATORS, OR ARE THERE SOME 646 00:21:04,330 --> 00:21:06,499 VENTILATORS, OR ARE THERE SOME THINGS THAT ARE MORE ACUTE THAN 647 00:21:06,499 --> 00:21:07,866 THINGS THAT ARE MORE ACUTE THAN OTHERS CUSTOMER GUIDE FOR 648 00:21:07,866 --> 00:21:10,135 OTHERS CUSTOMER GUIDE FOR DISCUSSIONS AROUND, FOR EXAMPLE, 649 00:21:10,135 --> 00:21:11,237 DISCUSSIONS AROUND, FOR EXAMPLE, SHOULD 650 00:21:11,237 --> 00:21:13,239 SHOULD HOTELS BE CONVERTING INTO 651 00:21:13,239 --> 00:21:13,606 HOTELS BE CONVERTING INTO PROVIDING EXTRA 652 00:21:13,606 --> 00:21:16,242 PROVIDING EXTRA BEDS FOR HOSPITALS? 653 00:21:16,242 --> 00:21:16,876 BEDS FOR HOSPITALS? WHAT YOU THINK THE RIGHT TIME TO 654 00:21:16,876 --> 00:21:19,512 WHAT YOU THINK THE RIGHT TIME TO DO THAT IS WHEN YOU HAVE AN 655 00:21:19,512 --> 00:21:20,313 DO THAT IS WHEN YOU HAVE AN OUTBREAK THAT IS SPREADING 656 00:21:20,313 --> 00:21:22,081 OUTBREAK THAT IS SPREADING QUICKLY AND IT WILL PROBABLY 657 00:21:22,081 --> 00:21:24,116 QUICKLY AND IT WILL PROBABLY TAKE A COUPLE WEEKS TO STAND UP, 658 00:21:24,116 --> 00:21:25,085 TAKE A COUPLE WEEKS TO STAND UP, CONVERTING A HOTEL OR SOMETHING 659 00:21:25,085 --> 00:21:27,053 CONVERTING A HOTEL OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT INTO A PLACE THAT 660 00:21:27,053 --> 00:21:28,687 LIKE THAT INTO A PLACE THAT COULD BE A MEDICAL FACILITY. 661 00:21:28,687 --> 00:21:30,155 COULD BE A MEDICAL FACILITY. >> WELL, ONE OF THE THINGS WE 662 00:21:30,155 --> 00:21:31,091 >> WELL, ONE OF THE THINGS WE COULD DO RIGHT NOW AND I THINK 663 00:21:31,091 --> 00:21:32,859 COULD DO RIGHT NOW AND I THINK THE HOTEL THING, I THINK WE NEED 664 00:21:32,859 --> 00:21:34,894 THE HOTEL THING, I THINK WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT THAT SERIOUSLY, 665 00:21:34,894 --> 00:21:38,196 TO THINK ABOUT THAT SERIOUSLY, MARK, AND PREPARE FOR IT, 666 00:21:38,196 --> 00:21:40,032 MARK, AND PREPARE FOR IT, INCLUDING POSSIBLY UNIVERSITIES, 667 00:21:40,032 --> 00:21:40,699 INCLUDING POSSIBLY UNIVERSITIES, WHERE PEOPLE ARE NOT COMING BACK 668 00:21:40,699 --> 00:21:42,167 WHERE PEOPLE ARE NOT COMING BACK TO SCHOOL. 669 00:21:42,167 --> 00:21:43,102 TO SCHOOL. I THINK THAT IS ANOTHER 670 00:21:43,102 --> 00:21:43,870 I THINK THAT IS ANOTHER POSSIBILITY TO CONSIDER. 671 00:21:43,870 --> 00:21:45,071 POSSIBILITY TO CONSIDER. BUT ONE OF THE THINGS WE COULD 672 00:21:45,071 --> 00:21:48,240 BUT ONE OF THE THINGS WE COULD DO RIGHT NOW, LITERALLY TODAY, 673 00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:50,442 DO RIGHT NOW, LITERALLY TODAY, IS TO GET HOSPITALS THROUGHOUT 674 00:21:50,442 --> 00:21:54,479 IS TO GET HOSPITALS THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY TO DELAY AND CANCEL 675 00:21:54,479 --> 00:21:56,549 THE COUNTRY TO DELAY AND CANCEL ELECTIVE SURGICAL AND MEDICAL 676 00:21:56,549 --> 00:21:59,151 ELECTIVE SURGICAL AND MEDICAL ADMISSIONS, BECAUSE ONCE YOU LET 677 00:21:59,151 --> 00:22:03,455 ADMISSIONS, BECAUSE ONCE YOU LET PEOPLE IN TO HAVE A PROCEDURE -- 678 00:22:03,455 --> 00:22:05,058 PEOPLE IN TO HAVE A PROCEDURE -- >> THAT MAKES A LOT OF SENSE. 679 00:22:05,058 --> 00:22:07,693 >> THAT MAKES A LOT OF SENSE. >> THAT IS ONE WAY YOU CHEW UP A 680 00:22:07,693 --> 00:22:08,328 >> THAT IS ONE WAY YOU CHEW UP A LOT OF RESOURCES. 681 00:22:08,328 --> 00:22:11,497 LOT OF RESOURCES. BEDS, MASKS, PERSONAL PROTECTIVE 682 00:22:11,497 --> 00:22:11,764 BEDS, MASKS, PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. 683 00:22:11,764 --> 00:22:12,998 EQUIPMENT. >> YEAH. 684 00:22:12,998 --> 00:22:15,801 >> YEAH. SO MOVING ON FROM WHAT WILL 685 00:22:15,801 --> 00:22:17,170 SO MOVING ON FROM WHAT WILL HOPEFULLY BE RESOLVED IN THE 686 00:22:17,170 --> 00:22:19,371 HOPEFULLY BE RESOLVED IN THE NEXT COUPLE OF WEEKS ON THE 687 00:22:19,371 --> 00:22:20,874 NEXT COUPLE OF WEEKS ON THE SPIKE HERE, LET’S TALK ABOUT 688 00:22:20,874 --> 00:22:21,507 SPIKE HERE, LET’S TALK ABOUT SOME OF THE LONGER-TERM 689 00:22:21,507 --> 00:22:24,043 SOME OF THE LONGER-TERM STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING THIS. 690 00:22:24,043 --> 00:22:25,511 STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING THIS. YOU MENTIONED THE VACCINE, THERE 691 00:22:25,511 --> 00:22:27,446 YOU MENTIONED THE VACCINE, THERE ARE CONVERSATIONS ABOUT OTHER 692 00:22:27,446 --> 00:22:27,780 ARE CONVERSATIONS ABOUT OTHER THERAPEUTICS. 693 00:22:27,780 --> 00:22:29,082 THERAPEUTICS. MAYBE TALK FOR A MINUTE ABOUT 694 00:22:29,082 --> 00:22:29,981 MAYBE TALK FOR A MINUTE ABOUT WHERE WE ARE IN VACCINE 695 00:22:29,981 --> 00:22:30,282 WHERE WE ARE IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT. 696 00:22:30,282 --> 00:22:32,652 DEVELOPMENT. YOU JUST ANNOUNCED THE FIRST 697 00:22:32,652 --> 00:22:34,120 YOU JUST ANNOUNCED THE FIRST TRIAL FOR PHASE ONE TO TEST THE 698 00:22:34,120 --> 00:22:36,155 TRIAL FOR PHASE ONE TO TEST THE SAFETY. 699 00:22:36,155 --> 00:22:37,256 SAFETY. WHAT’S THE TIME FRAME FOR HAVING 700 00:22:37,256 --> 00:22:37,857 WHAT’S THE TIME FRAME FOR HAVING SOMETHING LIKE THAT GO THROUGH 701 00:22:37,857 --> 00:22:40,092 SOMETHING LIKE THAT GO THROUGH ALL OF THE DIFFERENT TRIALS? 702 00:22:40,092 --> 00:22:43,062 ALL OF THE DIFFERENT TRIALS? HOW COULD WE EXPEDITE THAT? 703 00:22:43,062 --> 00:22:45,064 HOW COULD WE EXPEDITE THAT? WHAT CAN PEOPLE EXPECT ON THAT 704 00:22:45,064 --> 00:22:46,465 WHAT CAN PEOPLE EXPECT ON THAT CUSTOMER >> OKAY, SO TO GIVE OUR 705 00:22:46,465 --> 00:22:48,968 CUSTOMER >> OKAY, SO TO GIVE OUR VIEWERS AND LISTENERS 706 00:22:48,968 --> 00:22:53,106 VIEWERS AND LISTENERS PERSPECTIVE, IF THIS WERE TEN, 707 00:22:53,106 --> 00:22:54,641 PERSPECTIVE, IF THIS WERE TEN, 15, 20 YEARS AGO AND IT WAS FOR 708 00:22:54,641 --> 00:22:57,376 15, 20 YEARS AGO AND IT WAS FOR ANY VACCINE THAT WE WANTED TO 709 00:22:57,376 --> 00:22:58,378 ANY VACCINE THAT WE WANTED TO MAKE, YOU WOULD SAY A VACCINE 710 00:22:58,378 --> 00:23:00,947 MAKE, YOU WOULD SAY A VACCINE FROM THE TIME YOU START UNTIL 711 00:23:00,947 --> 00:23:01,513 FROM THE TIME YOU START UNTIL THE TIME IT’S APPROVED TO BE 712 00:23:01,513 --> 00:23:03,816 THE TIME IT’S APPROVED TO BE SAFE AND EFFECTIVE IS SEVERAL 713 00:23:03,816 --> 00:23:04,350 SAFE AND EFFECTIVE IS SEVERAL YEARS. 714 00:23:04,350 --> 00:23:06,452 YEARS. FIVE, SIX, SEVEN YEARS. 715 00:23:06,452 --> 00:23:09,488 FIVE, SIX, SEVEN YEARS. THAT IS UNACCEPTABLE FOR NOW. 716 00:23:09,488 --> 00:23:11,023 THAT IS UNACCEPTABLE FOR NOW. SO WHAT HAPPENED IS THAT AS SOON 717 00:23:11,023 --> 00:23:12,491 SO WHAT HAPPENED IS THAT AS SOON AS WE GOT THE SEQUENCE OF THE 718 00:23:12,491 --> 00:23:14,860 AS WE GOT THE SEQUENCE OF THE VIRUS FROM THE CHINESE, WE 719 00:23:14,860 --> 00:23:18,164 VIRUS FROM THE CHINESE, WE PULLED IT OUT OF THE PUBLIC 720 00:23:18,164 --> 00:23:20,599 PULLED IT OUT OF THE PUBLIC DATABASE AND STUCK THE GENE INTO 721 00:23:20,599 --> 00:23:21,734 DATABASE AND STUCK THE GENE INTO VACCINE PLATFORM AND WORKED 722 00:23:21,734 --> 00:23:22,936 VACCINE PLATFORM AND WORKED ON IT LITERALLY WITHIN A DAY OF 723 00:23:22,936 --> 00:23:24,103 ON IT LITERALLY WITHIN A DAY OF WHEN IT CAME OUT. 724 00:23:24,103 --> 00:23:29,675 WHEN IT CAME OUT. 65 DAYS LATER, NAMELY TWO DAYS 725 00:23:29,675 --> 00:23:31,310 65 DAYS LATER, NAMELY TWO DAYS AGO, WE GAVE THE FIRST INJECTION 726 00:23:31,310 --> 00:23:34,480 AGO, WE GAVE THE FIRST INJECTION TO A NORMAL VOLUNTEER FOR A 727 00:23:34,480 --> 00:23:37,449 TO A NORMAL VOLUNTEER FOR A PHASE ONE TRIAL TO SEE IF IT’S 728 00:23:37,449 --> 00:23:38,117 PHASE ONE TRIAL TO SEE IF IT’S SAFE. 729 00:23:38,117 --> 00:23:39,285 SAFE. THAT’S THE FASTEST IT’S EVER 730 00:23:39,285 --> 00:23:40,051 THAT’S THE FASTEST IT’S EVER BEEN DONE. 731 00:23:40,051 --> 00:23:40,519 BEEN DONE. THAT’S THE GOOD NEWS. 732 00:23:40,519 --> 00:23:42,655 THAT’S THE GOOD NEWS. THE CHALLENGING NEWS IS THAT 733 00:23:42,655 --> 00:23:45,291 THE CHALLENGING NEWS IS THAT EVEN AT THAT ROCKET SPEED, IT’S 734 00:23:45,291 --> 00:23:46,726 EVEN AT THAT ROCKET SPEED, IT’S GOING TO TAKE A FEW MONTHS TO 735 00:23:46,726 --> 00:23:49,461 GOING TO TAKE A FEW MONTHS TO SHOW THAT THE INITIAL SAFETY IS 736 00:23:49,461 --> 00:23:49,895 SHOW THAT THE INITIAL SAFETY IS OKAY. 737 00:23:49,895 --> 00:23:52,631 OKAY. THEN YOU GO INTO A PHASE TWO 738 00:23:52,631 --> 00:23:54,467 THEN YOU GO INTO A PHASE TWO TRIAL, WHICH, INSTEAD OF 739 00:23:54,467 --> 00:23:55,067 TRIAL, WHICH, INSTEAD OF INVOLVING 45 PEOPLE, WHICH WE 740 00:23:55,067 --> 00:23:58,437 INVOLVING 45 PEOPLE, WHICH WE HAVE IN THE PHASE ONE TRIAL, 741 00:23:58,437 --> 00:24:00,974 HAVE IN THE PHASE ONE TRIAL, INVOLVES HUNDREDS, IF NOT 742 00:24:00,974 --> 00:24:01,907 INVOLVES HUNDREDS, IF NOT THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE. 743 00:24:01,907 --> 00:24:03,575 THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE. A DOUBLE TAKE ANOTHER SIX TO 744 00:24:03,575 --> 00:24:05,611 A DOUBLE TAKE ANOTHER SIX TO EIGHT MONTHS TO EVEN KNOW IF IT 745 00:24:05,611 --> 00:24:07,479 EIGHT MONTHS TO EVEN KNOW IF IT WORKS. 746 00:24:07,479 --> 00:24:09,048 WORKS. SO AT THE FASTEST WE CAN GO, 747 00:24:09,048 --> 00:24:10,849 SO AT THE FASTEST WE CAN GO, IT’S GOING TO TAKE A YEAR TO A 748 00:24:10,849 --> 00:24:12,117 IT’S GOING TO TAKE A YEAR TO A YEAR AND A HALF TO KNOW IF WE 749 00:24:12,117 --> 00:24:15,688 YEAR AND A HALF TO KNOW IF WE HAVE A VACCINE THAT WE CAN USE. 750 00:24:15,688 --> 00:24:16,723 HAVE A VACCINE THAT WE CAN USE. SO APROPOS OF THE QUESTION YOU 751 00:24:16,723 --> 00:24:19,324 SO APROPOS OF THE QUESTION YOU ASKED ME A MOMENT AGO, THAT IF 752 00:24:19,324 --> 00:24:21,261 ASKED ME A MOMENT AGO, THAT IF WE CYCLED TO ANOTHER SEASON, 753 00:24:21,261 --> 00:24:22,594 WE CYCLED TO ANOTHER SEASON, THAT IS ONE OF VACCINE IS GOING 754 00:24:22,594 --> 00:24:25,298 THAT IS ONE OF VACCINE IS GOING TO BE VERY RELEVANT. 755 00:24:25,298 --> 00:24:27,033 TO BE VERY RELEVANT. >> ONE OF THE QUESTIONS I’VE 756 00:24:27,033 --> 00:24:29,101 >> ONE OF THE QUESTIONS I’VE HEARD FROM A NUMBER OF PEOPLE 757 00:24:29,101 --> 00:24:30,236 HEARD FROM A NUMBER OF PEOPLE IS, IN DOING THE SAFETY TRIALS 758 00:24:30,236 --> 00:24:33,039 IS, IN DOING THE SAFETY TRIALS OBVIOUSLY IS INCREDIBLE INCREDIB 759 00:24:33,039 --> 00:24:34,273 OBVIOUSLY IS INCREDIBLE INCREDIB BECAUSE YOU WANT TO MAKE SURE 760 00:24:34,273 --> 00:24:37,076 BECAUSE YOU WANT TO MAKE SURE YOU’RE NOT INJECTING PEOPLE WITH 761 00:24:37,076 --> 00:24:38,478 YOU’RE NOT INJECTING PEOPLE WITH SOMETHING THAT COULD BE HARMFUL. 762 00:24:38,478 --> 00:24:40,780 SOMETHING THAT COULD BE HARMFUL. BUT ONCE YOU HAVE THAT, WHY NOT 763 00:24:40,780 --> 00:24:43,115 BUT ONCE YOU HAVE THAT, WHY NOT PUSH HARDER THAN ROLLING IT OUT 764 00:24:43,115 --> 00:24:44,583 PUSH HARDER THAN ROLLING IT OUT MORE AGGRESSIVELY CUSTOMER EVEN 765 00:24:44,583 --> 00:24:45,451 MORE AGGRESSIVELY CUSTOMER EVEN IF YOU DON’T KNOW EXACTLY HOW 766 00:24:45,451 --> 00:24:45,817 IF YOU DON’T KNOW EXACTLY HOW EFFECTIVE IT IS. 767 00:24:45,817 --> 00:24:48,488 EFFECTIVE IT IS. WHAT IS THE PUBLIC HEALTH 768 00:24:48,488 --> 00:24:52,258 WHAT IS THE PUBLIC HEALTH RATIONALE AND THINKING BEHIND 769 00:24:52,258 --> 00:24:53,392 RATIONALE AND THINKING BEHIND NEEDING TO PROVE IT’S EXTREMELY 770 00:24:53,392 --> 00:24:53,959 NEEDING TO PROVE IT’S EXTREMELY EFFECTIVE BEFORE ROLLING OUT 771 00:24:53,959 --> 00:24:56,929 EFFECTIVE BEFORE ROLLING OUT SOMETHING THAT YOU KNOW IS SAFE? 772 00:24:56,929 --> 00:25:00,299 SOMETHING THAT YOU KNOW IS SAFE? >> OKAY, THAT IS A GOOD QUESTION 773 00:25:00,299 --> 00:25:00,566 >> OKAY, THAT IS A GOOD QUESTION QUESTION. 774 00:25:00,566 --> 00:25:02,934 QUESTION. THE INITIAL SAFETY STUDY, MARK, 775 00:25:02,934 --> 00:25:04,436 THE INITIAL SAFETY STUDY, MARK, IS TO SEE IF I INJECT IT IN THE 776 00:25:04,436 --> 00:25:07,873 IS TO SEE IF I INJECT IT IN THE ARM, DOES IT HAVE SOME SORT OF 777 00:25:07,873 --> 00:25:09,775 ARM, DOES IT HAVE SOME SORT OF IDIOSYNCRATIC OR BAD REACTION. 778 00:25:09,775 --> 00:25:12,444 IDIOSYNCRATIC OR BAD REACTION. THERE IS ANOTHER ELEMENT TO 779 00:25:12,444 --> 00:25:15,081 THERE IS ANOTHER ELEMENT TO SAFETY, AND THAT IS IF YOU 780 00:25:15,081 --> 00:25:16,081 SAFETY, AND THAT IS IF YOU VACCINATE SOMEONE AND THEY MAKE 781 00:25:16,081 --> 00:25:18,717 VACCINATE SOMEONE AND THEY MAKE AN ANTIBODY RESPONSE, AND THEN 782 00:25:18,717 --> 00:25:21,553 AN ANTIBODY RESPONSE, AND THEN THEY GET EXPOSED AND INFECTED, 783 00:25:21,553 --> 00:25:24,122 THEY GET EXPOSED AND INFECTED, DOES THE RESPONSE THAT YOU 784 00:25:24,122 --> 00:25:26,157 DOES THE RESPONSE THAT YOU INDUCE ACTUALLY ENHANCE THE 785 00:25:26,157 --> 00:25:28,561 INDUCE ACTUALLY ENHANCE THE INFECTION AND MAKE IT WORSE? 786 00:25:28,561 --> 00:25:31,230 INFECTION AND MAKE IT WORSE? AND THE ONLY WAY YOU’LL KNOW 787 00:25:31,230 --> 00:25:34,067 AND THE ONLY WAY YOU’LL KNOW THAT IS IF YOU DO AN EXTENDED 788 00:25:34,067 --> 00:25:35,768 THAT IS IF YOU DO AN EXTENDED STUDY, NOT IN A NORMAL VOLUNTEER 789 00:25:35,768 --> 00:25:39,071 STUDY, NOT IN A NORMAL VOLUNTEER WHO HAS NO RISK OF INFECTION, 790 00:25:39,071 --> 00:25:40,072 WHO HAS NO RISK OF INFECTION, BUT IN PEOPLE WHO ARE OUT THERE 791 00:25:40,072 --> 00:25:42,241 BUT IN PEOPLE WHO ARE OUT THERE IN A RISK SITUATION. 792 00:25:42,241 --> 00:25:44,544 IN A RISK SITUATION. THIS WOULD NOT BE THE FIRST 793 00:25:44,544 --> 00:25:46,579 THIS WOULD NOT BE THE FIRST TIME, IF IT HAPPENED, THAT A 794 00:25:46,579 --> 00:25:50,448 TIME, IF IT HAPPENED, THAT A VACCINE THAT LOOKED GOOD IN 795 00:25:50,448 --> 00:25:51,050 VACCINE THAT LOOKED GOOD IN INITIAL SAFETY ACTUALLY MADE 796 00:25:51,050 --> 00:25:52,417 INITIAL SAFETY ACTUALLY MADE PEOPLE WORSE. 797 00:25:52,417 --> 00:25:54,819 PEOPLE WORSE. THERE WAS THE HISTORY OF THE 798 00:25:54,819 --> 00:25:56,789 THERE WAS THE HISTORY OF THE RESPIRATORY VIRUS VACCINE IN 799 00:25:56,789 --> 00:25:58,324 RESPIRATORY VIRUS VACCINE IN CHILDREN, WHICH PARADOXICALLY 800 00:25:58,324 --> 00:26:01,593 CHILDREN, WHICH PARADOXICALLY MADE THE CHILDREN WORSE. 801 00:26:01,593 --> 00:26:04,229 MADE THE CHILDREN WORSE. ONE OF THE HIV VACCINES THAT WE 802 00:26:04,229 --> 00:26:04,897 ONE OF THE HIV VACCINES THAT WE TESTED SEVERAL YEARS AGO 803 00:26:04,897 --> 00:26:06,599 TESTED SEVERAL YEARS AGO ACTUALLY MADE INDIVIDUALS MORE 804 00:26:06,599 --> 00:26:09,435 ACTUALLY MADE INDIVIDUALS MORE LIKELY TO GET INFECTED. 805 00:26:09,435 --> 00:26:11,269 LIKELY TO GET INFECTED. SO YOU CAN’T JUST GO OUT THERE 806 00:26:11,269 --> 00:26:13,672 SO YOU CAN’T JUST GO OUT THERE AND GIVE IT UNLESS YOU FEEL THAT 807 00:26:13,672 --> 00:26:15,140 AND GIVE IT UNLESS YOU FEEL THAT IN THE FIELD, WHEN SOMEONE IS 808 00:26:15,140 --> 00:26:16,975 IN THE FIELD, WHEN SOMEONE IS GETTING INFECTED AND EXPOSED, 809 00:26:16,975 --> 00:26:20,112 GETTING INFECTED AND EXPOSED, BEING VACCINATED DOESN’T MAKE 810 00:26:20,112 --> 00:26:20,613 BEING VACCINATED DOESN’T MAKE THEM WORSE. 811 00:26:20,613 --> 00:26:22,881 THEM WORSE. THAT IS WHY YOU’VE GOT TO DO A 812 00:26:22,881 --> 00:26:23,214 THAT IS WHY YOU’VE GOT TO DO A TRIAL. 813 00:26:23,214 --> 00:26:24,550 TRIAL. >> YEAH, THAT IS IMPORTANT TO 814 00:26:24,550 --> 00:26:26,919 >> YEAH, THAT IS IMPORTANT TO GET OUT THERE. 815 00:26:26,919 --> 00:26:30,055 GET OUT THERE. SO WITH THAT CONTEXT OF THESE 816 00:26:30,055 --> 00:26:32,490 SO WITH THAT CONTEXT OF THESE EXTENDED TRIAL PERIODS, EVEN 817 00:26:32,490 --> 00:26:34,993 EXTENDED TRIAL PERIODS, EVEN WHEN YOU ARE DOING HEROIC WORK 818 00:26:34,993 --> 00:26:35,861 WHEN YOU ARE DOING HEROIC WORK TO GET A VACCINE CANDIDATE 819 00:26:35,861 --> 00:26:37,430 TO GET A VACCINE CANDIDATE TESTED QUICKLY, ONE OF THE 820 00:26:37,430 --> 00:26:38,163 TESTED QUICKLY, ONE OF THE STRATEGIES I’VE HEARD THAT 821 00:26:38,163 --> 00:26:39,898 STRATEGIES I’VE HEARD THAT IMPERSONALLY MOST OPTIMISTIC 822 00:26:39,898 --> 00:26:44,604 IMPERSONALLY MOST OPTIMISTIC ABOUT, AND AT PHILANTHROPY, THE 823 00:26:44,604 --> 00:26:45,804 ABOUT, AND AT PHILANTHROPY, THE CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE, THAT 824 00:26:45,804 --> 00:26:46,972 CHAN ZUCKERBERG INITIATIVE, THAT WE ARE TRYING TO HELP OUT WITH, 825 00:26:46,972 --> 00:26:50,342 WE ARE TRYING TO HELP OUT WITH, OR SEEING IF THERE ARE WAYS TO 826 00:26:50,342 --> 00:26:51,610 OR SEEING IF THERE ARE WAYS TO TEST ALREADY APPROVED COMPOUNDS 827 00:26:51,610 --> 00:26:52,411 TEST ALREADY APPROVED COMPOUNDS AND DRUGS, THERAPEUTICS, THINGS 828 00:26:52,411 --> 00:26:55,114 AND DRUGS, THERAPEUTICS, THINGS THAT HAVE ALREADY GONE THROUGH 829 00:26:55,114 --> 00:26:56,247 THAT HAVE ALREADY GONE THROUGH THAT CYCLE AND HAVE PROVEN TO BE 830 00:26:56,247 --> 00:27:00,119 THAT CYCLE AND HAVE PROVEN TO BE SAFE AND EFFECTIVE FOR FIGHTING 831 00:27:00,119 --> 00:27:03,622 SAFE AND EFFECTIVE FOR FIGHTING SOME DISEASE, TO SEE IF ANY OF 832 00:27:03,622 --> 00:27:06,058 SOME DISEASE, TO SEE IF ANY OF THOSE COMPOUNDS OR DRUGS COULD 833 00:27:06,058 --> 00:27:07,826 THOSE COMPOUNDS OR DRUGS COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR PREVENTING OR 834 00:27:07,826 --> 00:27:09,695 BE EFFECTIVE FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING THE SYMPTOMS OF THIS 835 00:27:09,695 --> 00:27:10,396 TREATING THE SYMPTOMS OF THIS CORONAVIRUS. 836 00:27:10,396 --> 00:27:11,897 CORONAVIRUS. WHAT DO YOU THINK NEEDS TO 837 00:27:11,897 --> 00:27:13,132 WHAT DO YOU THINK NEEDS TO HAPPEN IN ORDER TO RUN THROUGH 838 00:27:13,132 --> 00:27:15,701 HAPPEN IN ORDER TO RUN THROUGH THAT PROCESS. 839 00:27:15,701 --> 00:27:16,201 THAT PROCESS. I’VE TALKED TO A LOT OF 840 00:27:16,201 --> 00:27:20,305 I’VE TALKED TO A LOT OF SCIENTISTS NOW WHO BASICALLY ALL 841 00:27:20,305 --> 00:27:20,940 SCIENTISTS NOW WHO BASICALLY ALL HAVE HYPOTHESES OF COMPOUNDS FOR 842 00:27:20,940 --> 00:27:22,807 HAVE HYPOTHESES OF COMPOUNDS FOR THINGS THEY WOULD LOVE TO GET 843 00:27:22,807 --> 00:27:23,275 THINGS THEY WOULD LOVE TO GET TESTED. 844 00:27:23,275 --> 00:27:24,542 TESTED. WHAT WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE HAVE 845 00:27:24,542 --> 00:27:27,045 WHAT WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE HAVE HAPPENED THERE TO PRIORITIZE 846 00:27:27,045 --> 00:27:28,279 HAPPENED THERE TO PRIORITIZE WHICH ONES ARE THE MOST 847 00:27:28,279 --> 00:27:29,948 WHICH ONES ARE THE MOST OPTIMISTIC, AND WHAT DO YOU 848 00:27:29,948 --> 00:27:31,216 OPTIMISTIC, AND WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT THAT STRATEGY OVER 849 00:27:31,216 --> 00:27:31,383 THINK ABOUT THAT STRATEGY OVER ALL? 850 00:27:31,383 --> 00:27:34,052 ALL? >> WELL, IT’S A GREAT QUESTION 851 00:27:34,052 --> 00:27:34,654 >> WELL, IT’S A GREAT QUESTION BECAUSE IT’S EXACTLY HAPPENING 852 00:27:34,654 --> 00:27:36,455 BECAUSE IT’S EXACTLY HAPPENING AND I LIKE THE STRATEGY. 853 00:27:36,455 --> 00:27:39,090 AND I LIKE THE STRATEGY. THERE ARE A NUMBER OF ALREADY 854 00:27:39,090 --> 00:27:41,026 THERE ARE A NUMBER OF ALREADY APPROVED DRUGS, OR DRUGS THAT 855 00:27:41,026 --> 00:27:42,260 APPROVED DRUGS, OR DRUGS THAT HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND ALMOST 856 00:27:42,260 --> 00:27:44,562 HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND ALMOST APPROVED, NOT QUITE APPROVED, 857 00:27:44,562 --> 00:27:47,833 APPROVED, NOT QUITE APPROVED, THAT ARE NOW BEING LOOKED AT 858 00:27:47,833 --> 00:27:49,235 THAT ARE NOW BEING LOOKED AT BECAUSE OF INITIAL, EITHER 859 00:27:49,235 --> 00:27:51,637 BECAUSE OF INITIAL, EITHER IN VITRO OR ANIMAL DATA WORK 860 00:27:51,637 --> 00:27:53,071 IN VITRO OR ANIMAL DATA WORK SUGGESTING THEY MAY BE HELPFUL. 861 00:27:53,071 --> 00:27:54,640 SUGGESTING THEY MAY BE HELPFUL. I WILL GIVE YOU SOME EXAMPLES. 862 00:27:54,640 --> 00:27:57,910 I WILL GIVE YOU SOME EXAMPLES. THERE IS A DRUG THAT IS A DRUG 863 00:27:57,910 --> 00:28:01,747 THERE IS A DRUG THAT IS A DRUG DEVELOPED BY GILEAD AS AN 864 00:28:01,747 --> 00:28:02,715 DEVELOPED BY GILEAD AS AN ANTIVIRAL. 865 00:28:02,715 --> 00:28:03,916 ANTIVIRAL. WE TRIED IT IN EBOLA. 866 00:28:03,916 --> 00:28:04,717 WE TRIED IT IN EBOLA. IT DIDN’T WORK AS WELL AS SOME 867 00:28:04,717 --> 00:28:06,851 IT DIDN’T WORK AS WELL AS SOME OF THE OTHER DRUGS, BUT IT’S 868 00:28:06,851 --> 00:28:07,487 OF THE OTHER DRUGS, BUT IT’S THERE. 869 00:28:07,487 --> 00:28:08,353 THERE. WHAT WE ARE GOING TO DO NOW IS 870 00:28:08,353 --> 00:28:12,323 WHAT WE ARE GOING TO DO NOW IS THERE ARE CLINICAL TRIALS GOING 871 00:28:12,323 --> 00:28:13,959 THERE ARE CLINICAL TRIALS GOING ON RIGHT NOW, BOTH IN CHINA AND 872 00:28:13,959 --> 00:28:15,294 ON RIGHT NOW, BOTH IN CHINA AND IN THE UNITED STATES TO SEE IF 873 00:28:15,294 --> 00:28:17,196 IN THE UNITED STATES TO SEE IF IT WORKS. 874 00:28:17,196 --> 00:28:18,630 IT WORKS. IT’S LIKELY THAT ONE OR MORE OF 875 00:28:18,630 --> 00:28:20,032 IT’S LIKELY THAT ONE OR MORE OF THESE DRUGS, AND THERE ARE 876 00:28:20,032 --> 00:28:22,801 THESE DRUGS, AND THERE ARE SEVERAL, ARE GOING TO BE OUT 877 00:28:22,801 --> 00:28:24,069 SEVERAL, ARE GOING TO BE OUT THERE TO SEE AN ALREADY 878 00:28:24,069 --> 00:28:25,604 THERE TO SEE AN ALREADY DEVELOPED DRUG, IF IT CAN WORK. 879 00:28:25,604 --> 00:28:27,673 DEVELOPED DRUG, IF IT CAN WORK. ANOTHER ONE IS INTERESTED IN 880 00:28:27,673 --> 00:28:28,440 ANOTHER ONE IS INTERESTED IN THERE’S A LOT OF BUZZ ON THE 881 00:28:28,440 --> 00:28:31,176 THERE’S A LOT OF BUZZ ON THE INTERNET ABOUT THIS, AND THAT IS 882 00:28:31,176 --> 00:28:36,181 INTERNET ABOUT THIS, AND THAT IS A DRUG CALLED CHLOROQUINE OR 883 00:28:36,181 --> 00:28:37,316 A DRUG CALLED CHLOROQUINE OR HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE, WHICH IS A 884 00:28:37,316 --> 00:28:39,585 HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE, WHICH IS A DRUG THAT HAS BEEN APPROVED FOR 885 00:28:39,585 --> 00:28:39,851 DRUG THAT HAS BEEN APPROVED FOR DECADES. 886 00:28:39,851 --> 00:28:40,786 DECADES. VERY CHEAP. 887 00:28:40,786 --> 00:28:43,088 VERY CHEAP. >> YEAH, USED FOR MALARIA. 888 00:28:43,088 --> 00:28:45,057 >> YEAH, USED FOR MALARIA. >> YEAH, USED FOR MALARIA AND 889 00:28:45,057 --> 00:28:49,061 >> YEAH, USED FOR MALARIA AND CERTAIN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES LIKE 890 00:28:49,061 --> 00:28:49,261 CERTAIN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES LIKE LUPUS. 891 00:28:49,261 --> 00:28:50,062 LUPUS. THERE’S SOME INDICATION IN THE 892 00:28:50,062 --> 00:28:51,830 THERE’S SOME INDICATION IN THE TEST TUBE THAT IT MIGHT HAVE 893 00:28:51,830 --> 00:28:52,264 TEST TUBE THAT IT MIGHT HAVE SOME ACTIVITY. 894 00:28:52,264 --> 00:28:53,131 SOME ACTIVITY. THE FDA SAID TODAY THAT THEY ARE 895 00:28:53,131 --> 00:28:55,801 THE FDA SAID TODAY THAT THEY ARE GOING TO SEE IF WE CAN DO SOME 896 00:28:55,801 --> 00:28:57,936 GOING TO SEE IF WE CAN DO SOME EXPANDED USE ACCESS GETTING 897 00:28:57,936 --> 00:28:59,204 EXPANDED USE ACCESS GETTING PEOPLE WHO MIGHT WANT TO USE IT 898 00:28:59,204 --> 00:29:03,375 PEOPLE WHO MIGHT WANT TO USE IT OFF LABEL, NAMELY SINCE IT IS AN 899 00:29:03,375 --> 00:29:03,709 OFF LABEL, NAMELY SINCE IT IS AN APPROVED DRUG. 900 00:29:03,709 --> 00:29:06,044 APPROVED DRUG. SO YOUR POINT IS EXTREMELY WELL 901 00:29:06,044 --> 00:29:06,245 SO YOUR POINT IS EXTREMELY WELL TAKEN. 902 00:29:06,245 --> 00:29:10,215 TAKEN. ONE OF THE IMMEDIATE WAYS FOR 903 00:29:10,215 --> 00:29:10,983 ONE OF THE IMMEDIATE WAYS FOR TREATMENT IS TO LOOK AT DRUGS 904 00:29:10,983 --> 00:29:13,651 TREATMENT IS TO LOOK AT DRUGS THAT YOU WANT TO REPURPOSE. 905 00:29:13,651 --> 00:29:14,385 THAT YOU WANT TO REPURPOSE. WHILE YOU’RE DOING THAT, YOU 906 00:29:14,385 --> 00:29:19,224 WHILE YOU’RE DOING THAT, YOU WANT TO START DEVELOPING DRUGS 907 00:29:19,224 --> 00:29:22,094 WANT TO START DEVELOPING DRUGS DE NOVO THAT ARE SPECIFICALLY 908 00:29:22,094 --> 00:29:23,496 DE NOVO THAT ARE SPECIFICALLY TARGETED TO THE CORONAVIRUS 909 00:29:23,496 --> 00:29:23,829 TARGETED TO THE CORONAVIRUS ITSELF. 910 00:29:23,829 --> 00:29:24,896 ITSELF. THOSE THINGS WILL GO ON 911 00:29:24,896 --> 00:29:26,331 THOSE THINGS WILL GO ON SIMULTANEOUSLY. 912 00:29:26,331 --> 00:29:29,901 SIMULTANEOUSLY. >> ARE THERE ANY OTHER -- ASIDE 913 00:29:29,901 --> 00:29:31,770 >> ARE THERE ANY OTHER -- ASIDE FROM THE VACCINE -- FOR 914 00:29:31,770 --> 00:29:32,370 FROM THE VACCINE -- FOR PREVENTION AND SOME OF THESE 915 00:29:32,370 --> 00:29:33,438 PREVENTION AND SOME OF THESE OTHER DRUGS THAT MAY BE GOOD FOR 916 00:29:33,438 --> 00:29:34,639 OTHER DRUGS THAT MAY BE GOOD FOR PREVENTION BUT ALSO COULD BE 917 00:29:34,639 --> 00:29:36,641 PREVENTION BUT ALSO COULD BE GOOD FOR TREATMENT, SO REDUCING 918 00:29:36,641 --> 00:29:38,710 GOOD FOR TREATMENT, SO REDUCING SOME OF THE SYMPTOMS AND THE 919 00:29:38,710 --> 00:29:39,378 SOME OF THE SYMPTOMS AND THE INTENSITY OF THE DAMAGE IN THE 920 00:29:39,378 --> 00:29:42,247 INTENSITY OF THE DAMAGE IN THE LUNGS, WHICH COULD REDUCE IT 921 00:29:42,247 --> 00:29:45,216 LUNGS, WHICH COULD REDUCE IT FROM POTENTIALLY BEING VERY 922 00:29:45,216 --> 00:29:45,984 FROM POTENTIALLY BEING VERY DANGEROUS DISEASE TO 923 00:29:45,984 --> 00:29:47,620 DANGEROUS DISEASE TO SOMETHING THAT IS MORE 924 00:29:47,620 --> 00:29:47,919 SOMETHING THAT IS MORE MANAGEABLE. 925 00:29:47,919 --> 00:29:49,355 MANAGEABLE. ONE OF THE OTHER LONG-TERM 926 00:29:49,355 --> 00:29:51,357 ONE OF THE OTHER LONG-TERM STRATEGIES THAT YOU SEE OUT 927 00:29:51,357 --> 00:29:53,425 STRATEGIES THAT YOU SEE OUT THERE THAT YOU’RE OPTIMISTIC 928 00:29:53,425 --> 00:29:54,293 THERE THAT YOU’RE OPTIMISTIC ABOUT? 929 00:29:54,293 --> 00:29:56,694 ABOUT? >> WELL, YOU KNOW, I THINK THE 930 00:29:56,694 --> 00:29:57,663 >> WELL, YOU KNOW, I THINK THE LONG-TERM STRATEGY BESIDES THE 931 00:29:57,663 --> 00:29:59,632 LONG-TERM STRATEGY BESIDES THE DRUG, YOU HAVE TO TRY TO GET A 932 00:29:59,632 --> 00:30:00,833 DRUG, YOU HAVE TO TRY TO GET A VACCINE THAT IS REALLY 933 00:30:00,833 --> 00:30:01,100 VACCINE THAT IS REALLY EFFECTIVE. 934 00:30:01,100 --> 00:30:03,669 EFFECTIVE. I MEAN, THE HISTORY OF VIRAL 935 00:30:03,669 --> 00:30:06,605 I MEAN, THE HISTORY OF VIRAL DISEASES IS THAT IF WE CAN GET A 936 00:30:06,605 --> 00:30:09,675 DISEASES IS THAT IF WE CAN GET A VACCINE, AND I’M THINKING IN TWO 937 00:30:09,675 --> 00:30:10,642 VACCINE, AND I’M THINKING IN TWO CHANNELS, MARK. 938 00:30:10,642 --> 00:30:13,211 CHANNELS, MARK. ONE, A VACCINE FOR THIS SPECIFIC 939 00:30:13,211 --> 00:30:13,613 ONE, A VACCINE FOR THIS SPECIFIC CORONAVIRUS. 940 00:30:13,613 --> 00:30:15,548 CORONAVIRUS. BUT LONG-TERM, JUST THINK ABOUT 941 00:30:15,548 --> 00:30:17,550 BUT LONG-TERM, JUST THINK ABOUT IT. 942 00:30:17,550 --> 00:30:19,985 IT. SINCE 2002, WE’VE HAD THREE 943 00:30:19,985 --> 00:30:22,788 SINCE 2002, WE’VE HAD THREE OUTBREAKS OF CORONAVIRUS’. 944 00:30:22,788 --> 00:30:25,290 OUTBREAKS OF CORONAVIRUS’. SARS, WHICH I MENTIONED A MOMENT 945 00:30:25,290 --> 00:30:29,127 SARS, WHICH I MENTIONED A MOMENT AGO, MERS, THE MIDDLE EAST 946 00:30:29,127 --> 00:30:31,029 AGO, MERS, THE MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME, AND NOW 947 00:30:31,029 --> 00:30:31,530 RESPIRATORY SYNDROME, AND NOW THIS NOVEL CORONAVIRUS. 948 00:30:31,530 --> 00:30:35,233 THIS NOVEL CORONAVIRUS. WE SHOULD BE, AND ARE, AND WILL 949 00:30:35,233 --> 00:30:37,135 WE SHOULD BE, AND ARE, AND WILL BE MAKING A UNIVERSAL CORONA 950 00:30:37,135 --> 00:30:38,503 BE MAKING A UNIVERSAL CORONA VACCINE, WHICH MEANS YOU CAN 951 00:30:38,503 --> 00:30:40,372 VACCINE, WHICH MEANS YOU CAN MAKE A VACCINE THAT WILL BE 952 00:30:40,372 --> 00:30:42,440 MAKE A VACCINE THAT WILL BE PROTECTIVE AGAINST ANY KIND OF 953 00:30:42,440 --> 00:30:43,709 PROTECTIVE AGAINST ANY KIND OF CORONAVIRUS IF YOU GET IT TO 954 00:30:43,709 --> 00:30:44,509 CORONAVIRUS IF YOU GET IT TO MAKE A RESPONSE THAT IS COMMON 955 00:30:44,509 --> 00:30:46,111 MAKE A RESPONSE THAT IS COMMON TO ALL OF THEM. 956 00:30:46,111 --> 00:30:47,546 TO ALL OF THEM. THE SAME SORT OF THING THAT 957 00:30:47,546 --> 00:30:49,747 THE SAME SORT OF THING THAT WE’VE BEEN DOING FOR THE PAST 958 00:30:49,747 --> 00:30:52,250 WE’VE BEEN DOING FOR THE PAST COUPLE OF YEARS, TRYING TO 959 00:30:52,250 --> 00:30:53,251 COUPLE OF YEARS, TRYING TO DEVELOP A UNIVERSAL INFLUENZA 960 00:30:53,251 --> 00:30:53,586 DEVELOP A UNIVERSAL INFLUENZA VACCINE. 961 00:30:53,586 --> 00:30:54,820 VACCINE. TO ME, THAT IS THE BEST 962 00:30:54,820 --> 00:30:57,288 TO ME, THAT IS THE BEST LONG-TERM GOAL FOR THIS. 963 00:30:57,288 --> 00:30:57,889 LONG-TERM GOAL FOR THIS. >> GOT IT. 964 00:30:57,889 --> 00:30:59,958 >> GOT IT. SO I WANT TO TAKE THE LAST FIVE 965 00:30:59,958 --> 00:31:01,726 SO I WANT TO TAKE THE LAST FIVE OR SO MINUTES THAT WE HAVE TO 966 00:31:01,726 --> 00:31:04,162 OR SO MINUTES THAT WE HAVE TO TAKE SOME QUESTIONS FROM THE 967 00:31:04,162 --> 00:31:06,298 TAKE SOME QUESTIONS FROM THE STREAM AND THE THREAD. 968 00:31:06,298 --> 00:31:08,868 STREAM AND THE THREAD. A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE SPECIFIC 969 00:31:08,868 --> 00:31:09,735 A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE SPECIFIC QUESTIONS ABOUT HEALTH 970 00:31:09,735 --> 00:31:11,470 QUESTIONS ABOUT HEALTH INFORMATION FOR THEMSELVES. 971 00:31:11,470 --> 00:31:13,338 INFORMATION FOR THEMSELVES. SO MAYBE WE CAN GO THROUGH THIS 972 00:31:13,338 --> 00:31:15,841 SO MAYBE WE CAN GO THROUGH THIS FAIRLY QUICKLY. 973 00:31:15,841 --> 00:31:17,710 FAIRLY QUICKLY. ROBERT ASKS THIS QUESTION, IF 974 00:31:17,710 --> 00:31:18,810 ROBERT ASKS THIS QUESTION, IF YOU TEST POSITIVE, WHEN IS IT 975 00:31:18,810 --> 00:31:21,847 YOU TEST POSITIVE, WHEN IS IT OKAY TO INTERACT WITH OTHERS? 976 00:31:21,847 --> 00:31:24,716 OKAY TO INTERACT WITH OTHERS? >> OKAY, THAT IS A GOOD POINT. 977 00:31:24,716 --> 00:31:26,551 >> OKAY, THAT IS A GOOD POINT. STRICTLY SPEAKING, IF YOU ARE 978 00:31:26,551 --> 00:31:28,854 STRICTLY SPEAKING, IF YOU ARE POSITIVE, YOU HAVE THE VIRUS IN 979 00:31:28,854 --> 00:31:31,489 POSITIVE, YOU HAVE THE VIRUS IN YOU AND THE WAY YOU DETERMINE 980 00:31:31,489 --> 00:31:34,860 YOU AND THE WAY YOU DETERMINE POSITIVE WAS YOU GOT A NASAL 981 00:31:34,860 --> 00:31:38,563 POSITIVE WAS YOU GOT A NASAL SWAB AND YOU CULTURED THE VIRUS. 982 00:31:38,563 --> 00:31:40,866 SWAB AND YOU CULTURED THE VIRUS. THE STRICT GUIDELINE IS THAT IN 983 00:31:40,866 --> 00:31:43,168 THE STRICT GUIDELINE IS THAT IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO FEEL SAFE IN 984 00:31:43,168 --> 00:31:45,370 ORDER TO BE ABLE TO FEEL SAFE IN GOING OUT INTO SOCIETY, YOU HAVE 985 00:31:45,370 --> 00:31:49,407 GOING OUT INTO SOCIETY, YOU HAVE TO HAVE TWO NEGATIVE TESTS 986 00:31:49,407 --> 00:31:50,710 TO HAVE TWO NEGATIVE TESTS 24 HOURS APART. 987 00:31:50,710 --> 00:31:53,011 24 HOURS APART. NAMELY, YOU ARE NOT SHEDDING 988 00:31:53,011 --> 00:31:53,846 NAMELY, YOU ARE NOT SHEDDING VIRUS ANYMORE, SO YOU CAN FEEL 989 00:31:53,846 --> 00:31:56,381 VIRUS ANYMORE, SO YOU CAN FEEL FREE TO GO OUT. 990 00:31:56,381 --> 00:31:57,783 FREE TO GO OUT. THAT MIGHT CHANGE. 991 00:31:57,783 --> 00:31:58,717 THAT MIGHT CHANGE. IT MAY BE MORE FLEXIBLE. 992 00:31:58,717 --> 00:32:01,654 IT MAY BE MORE FLEXIBLE. WHEN WE GET A BETTER FEEL FOR 993 00:32:01,654 --> 00:32:03,121 WHEN WE GET A BETTER FEEL FOR WHAT THE REAL BRACKET OF TIME OF 994 00:32:03,121 --> 00:32:05,891 WHAT THE REAL BRACKET OF TIME OF PEOPLE SHEDDING, YOU MAY BE ABLE 995 00:32:05,891 --> 00:32:07,826 PEOPLE SHEDDING, YOU MAY BE ABLE TO BE MORE FLEXIBLE THAN THAT. 996 00:32:07,826 --> 00:32:09,027 TO BE MORE FLEXIBLE THAN THAT. BUT THAT IS THE STANDARD, THE 997 00:32:09,027 --> 00:32:11,664 BUT THAT IS THE STANDARD, THE GOLD STANDARD NOW. 998 00:32:11,664 --> 00:32:13,298 GOLD STANDARD NOW. >> ONE OF THE QUESTIONS I’VE 999 00:32:13,298 --> 00:32:15,366 >> ONE OF THE QUESTIONS I’VE SEEN ASKED BY A LOT OF PEOPLE 1000 00:32:15,366 --> 00:32:16,768 SEEN ASKED BY A LOT OF PEOPLE IS, ONE OF THE MAY BE MORE 1001 00:32:16,768 --> 00:32:19,205 IS, ONE OF THE MAY BE MORE POSITIVE PROPERTIES HERE IS THAT 1002 00:32:19,205 --> 00:32:23,242 POSITIVE PROPERTIES HERE IS THAT IT DOESN’T SEEM TO HAVE SEVERE 1003 00:32:23,242 --> 00:32:24,542 IT DOESN’T SEEM TO HAVE SEVERE EFFECTS ON CHILDREN UNDER THE 1004 00:32:24,542 --> 00:32:27,713 EFFECTS ON CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 9. 1005 00:32:27,713 --> 00:32:28,480 AGE OF 9. WHICH IS GOOD NEWS. 1006 00:32:28,480 --> 00:32:30,215 WHICH IS GOOD NEWS. BUT THEN A LOT OF PEOPLE WONDER, 1007 00:32:30,215 --> 00:32:30,983 BUT THEN A LOT OF PEOPLE WONDER, IF CHILDREN DON’T SEEM LIKE THEY 1008 00:32:30,983 --> 00:32:33,351 IF CHILDREN DON’T SEEM LIKE THEY ARE AFFECTED, BUT THEY CARRIERS 1009 00:32:33,351 --> 00:32:36,288 ARE AFFECTED, BUT THEY CARRIERS FOR THIS, ESSENTIALLY, OR DO 1010 00:32:36,288 --> 00:32:37,555 FOR THIS, ESSENTIALLY, OR DO THEY BASICALLY JUST RUN THROUGH 1011 00:32:37,555 --> 00:32:40,825 THEY BASICALLY JUST RUN THROUGH THEM LIKE A COMMON COLD AND ONCE 1012 00:32:40,825 --> 00:32:41,694 THEM LIKE A COMMON COLD AND ONCE THEY ARE NOT SPREADING IT 1013 00:32:41,694 --> 00:32:41,927 THEY ARE NOT SPREADING IT EITHER? 1014 00:32:41,927 --> 00:32:43,529 EITHER? I THINK THAT IS A GOOD THING TO 1015 00:32:43,529 --> 00:32:43,862 I THINK THAT IS A GOOD THING TO CLEAR UP. 1016 00:32:43,862 --> 00:32:45,863 CLEAR UP. >> WE NEED TO CLEAR THAT UP AND 1017 00:32:45,863 --> 00:32:48,266 >> WE NEED TO CLEAR THAT UP AND I THINK AS WE GET MORE 1018 00:32:48,266 --> 00:32:51,336 I THINK AS WE GET MORE EXPERIENCE HERE AND TAP INTO THE 1019 00:32:51,336 --> 00:32:51,937 EXPERIENCE HERE AND TAP INTO THE EXPERIENCE OF OUR CHINESE AND 1020 00:32:51,937 --> 00:32:54,206 EXPERIENCE OF OUR CHINESE AND EUROPEAN COLLEAGUES, WE WILL GET 1021 00:32:54,206 --> 00:32:56,374 EUROPEAN COLLEAGUES, WE WILL GET THE ANSWER TO THAT. 1022 00:32:56,374 --> 00:32:57,743 THE ANSWER TO THAT. FOR SURE WHAT YOU SAID IS 1023 00:32:57,743 --> 00:32:59,745 FOR SURE WHAT YOU SAID IS FACTUALLY CORRECT. 1024 00:32:59,745 --> 00:33:02,447 FACTUALLY CORRECT. CHILDREN DON’T SEEM TO GET SICK 1025 00:33:02,447 --> 00:33:02,714 CHILDREN DON’T SEEM TO GET SICK WITH THIS. 1026 00:33:02,714 --> 00:33:05,785 WITH THIS. THE REAL QUESTION IS, DO THEY 1027 00:33:05,785 --> 00:33:09,789 THE REAL QUESTION IS, DO THEY GET INFECTED? 1028 00:33:09,789 --> 00:33:12,324 GET INFECTED? AND, FROM AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE 1029 00:33:12,324 --> 00:33:12,992 AND, FROM AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE STANDPOINT, I WOULD PREDICT THAT 1030 00:33:12,992 --> 00:33:14,592 STANDPOINT, I WOULD PREDICT THAT THEY DO GET INFECTED, BUT THEY 1031 00:33:14,592 --> 00:33:17,963 THEY DO GET INFECTED, BUT THEY HAVE SUCH A MILD ILLNESS THAT 1032 00:33:17,963 --> 00:33:20,131 HAVE SUCH A MILD ILLNESS THAT YOU DON’T NOTICE THAT THEY ARE 1033 00:33:20,131 --> 00:33:20,398 YOU DON’T NOTICE THAT THEY ARE INFECTED. 1034 00:33:20,398 --> 00:33:22,167 INFECTED. OR THEY DON’T SHOW ANY SYMPTOMS. 1035 00:33:22,167 --> 00:33:24,436 OR THEY DON’T SHOW ANY SYMPTOMS. THE EASIEST WAY TO FIND OUT IS 1036 00:33:24,436 --> 00:33:28,240 THE EASIEST WAY TO FIND OUT IS TO DO BROAD SCREENING OF 1037 00:33:28,240 --> 00:33:30,775 TO DO BROAD SCREENING OF CHILDREN AND FIGURE OUT, ARE 1038 00:33:30,775 --> 00:33:31,877 CHILDREN AND FIGURE OUT, ARE THEY REALLY INFECTED AND 1039 00:33:31,877 --> 00:33:34,179 THEY REALLY INFECTED AND ASYMPTOMATIC, OR ARE THEY NOT 1040 00:33:34,179 --> 00:33:34,579 ASYMPTOMATIC, OR ARE THEY NOT GETTING INFECTED? 1041 00:33:34,579 --> 00:33:36,881 GETTING INFECTED? I TEND TO BELIEVE THAT THEY’RE 1042 00:33:36,881 --> 00:33:38,183 I TEND TO BELIEVE THAT THEY’RE GETTING INFECTED, BUT SOMETHING 1043 00:33:38,183 --> 00:33:39,217 GETTING INFECTED, BUT SOMETHING ABOUT THEIR SYSTEM, THE 1044 00:33:39,217 --> 00:33:40,452 ABOUT THEIR SYSTEM, THE RECEPTORS IN THEIR LUNGS, THE 1045 00:33:40,452 --> 00:33:43,655 RECEPTORS IN THEIR LUNGS, THE NATURE OF THEIR IMMUNE RESPONSE 1046 00:33:43,655 --> 00:33:44,456 NATURE OF THEIR IMMUNE RESPONSE IS MAKING IT THAT THEY ARE NOT 1047 00:33:44,456 --> 00:33:48,393 IS MAKING IT THAT THEY ARE NOT GETTING SYMPTOMS. 1048 00:33:48,393 --> 00:33:50,395 GETTING SYMPTOMS. >> AND THEN ONCE THEY ARE 1049 00:33:50,395 --> 00:33:51,297 >> AND THEN ONCE THEY ARE INFECTED AND THE INFECTION RUNS 1050 00:33:51,297 --> 00:33:53,599 INFECTED AND THE INFECTION RUNS THEIR COURSE AND THEY ARE DONE, 1051 00:33:53,599 --> 00:33:54,632 THEIR COURSE AND THEY ARE DONE, THEN MY UNDERSTANDING, CORRECT 1052 00:33:54,632 --> 00:33:57,468 THEN MY UNDERSTANDING, CORRECT ME IF I’M WRONG, I THINK THIS IS 1053 00:33:57,468 --> 00:33:58,169 ME IF I’M WRONG, I THINK THIS IS IMPORTANT FOR PEOPLE TO SEE, IS 1054 00:33:58,169 --> 00:34:00,605 IMPORTANT FOR PEOPLE TO SEE, IS THAT THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS A 1055 00:34:00,605 --> 00:34:01,040 THAT THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS A LONG-TERM CARRIER. 1056 00:34:01,040 --> 00:34:04,675 LONG-TERM CARRIER. IF A CHILD HAS IT, THEY GET THE 1057 00:34:04,675 --> 00:34:05,978 IF A CHILD HAS IT, THEY GET THE INFECTION, AND THEN THEY ARE 1058 00:34:05,978 --> 00:34:07,412 INFECTION, AND THEN THEY ARE DONE AND THEY ARE NOT INFECTIOUS 1059 00:34:07,412 --> 00:34:08,980 DONE AND THEY ARE NOT INFECTIOUS ONCE THEY ARE DONE AS WELL, JUST 1060 00:34:08,980 --> 00:34:09,881 ONCE THEY ARE DONE AS WELL, JUST LIKE EVERYONE ELSE. 1061 00:34:09,881 --> 00:34:12,818 LIKE EVERYONE ELSE. IS THAT YOUR UNDERSTANDING? 1062 00:34:12,818 --> 00:34:16,121 IS THAT YOUR UNDERSTANDING? >> WELL, IT’S AN OPEN QUESTION, 1063 00:34:16,121 --> 00:34:19,558 >> WELL, IT’S AN OPEN QUESTION, AND ALL THE EVIDENCE IN OTHER 1064 00:34:19,558 --> 00:34:21,927 AND ALL THE EVIDENCE IN OTHER SITUATIONS INDICATES 1065 00:34:21,927 --> 00:34:26,464 SITUATIONS INDICATES PARTICULARLY EVIDENCE FROM CHINA 1066 00:34:26,464 --> 00:34:27,432 PARTICULARLY EVIDENCE FROM CHINA INDICATE THAT ONCE YOU ARE 1067 00:34:27,432 --> 00:34:31,937 INDICATE THAT ONCE YOU ARE INFECTED YOU RESOLVE THE 1068 00:34:31,937 --> 00:34:34,573 INFECTED YOU RESOLVE THE INFECTION, YOU ARE NOT AFFECTED 1069 00:34:34,573 --> 00:34:34,806 INFECTION, YOU ARE NOT AFFECTED ANYMORE. 1070 00:34:34,806 --> 00:34:39,578 ANYMORE. SO WE DON’T ANTICIPATE THAT KIDS 1071 00:34:39,578 --> 00:34:44,983 SO WE DON’T ANTICIPATE THAT KIDS GET INFECTED AND THEN A RESOURCE 1072 00:34:44,983 --> 00:34:45,784 GET INFECTED AND THEN A RESOURCE OF INFECTION FOR OTHERS. 1073 00:34:45,784 --> 00:34:46,918 OF INFECTION FOR OTHERS. IT HAS NOT BEEN FORMALLY PROVEN 1074 00:34:46,918 --> 00:34:48,719 IT HAS NOT BEEN FORMALLY PROVEN BUT IT IS HIGHLY SUGGESTED THAT 1075 00:34:48,719 --> 00:34:49,321 BUT IT IS HIGHLY SUGGESTED THAT THAT IS NOT GOING TO BE THE 1076 00:34:49,321 --> 00:34:51,022 THAT IS NOT GOING TO BE THE CASE. 1077 00:34:51,022 --> 00:34:51,957 CASE. >> A SIMILAR QUESTION THAT I 1078 00:34:51,957 --> 00:34:55,427 >> A SIMILAR QUESTION THAT I HAVE HERE IS, CAN YOU GET 1079 00:34:55,427 --> 00:34:56,094 HAVE HERE IS, CAN YOU GET REINFECTED BY THE CORONAVIRUS IF 1080 00:34:56,094 --> 00:34:58,763 REINFECTED BY THE CORONAVIRUS IF YOU’VE ALREADY HAD IT? 1081 00:34:58,763 --> 00:34:59,865 YOU’VE ALREADY HAD IT? >> AGAIN, THAT HASN’T BEEN 1082 00:34:59,865 --> 00:35:02,834 >> AGAIN, THAT HASN’T BEEN FORMALLY TESTED, BUT IT IS EVERY 1083 00:35:02,834 --> 00:35:06,438 FORMALLY TESTED, BUT IT IS EVERY REASON TO BELIEVE THAT THIS 1084 00:35:06,438 --> 00:35:08,607 REASON TO BELIEVE THAT THIS VIRUS, WHEN IT COMES TO AN 1085 00:35:08,607 --> 00:35:12,210 VIRUS, WHEN IT COMES TO AN IMMUNE RESPONSE AND LONG-TERM 1086 00:35:12,210 --> 00:35:13,645 IMMUNE RESPONSE AND LONG-TERM IMMUNITY, THAT IT’S NOT ACTING 1087 00:35:13,645 --> 00:35:15,480 IMMUNITY, THAT IT’S NOT ACTING ANY DIFFERENT FROM ANY OTHER 1088 00:35:15,480 --> 00:35:16,481 ANY DIFFERENT FROM ANY OTHER VIRUS. 1089 00:35:16,481 --> 00:35:18,783 VIRUS. SO I WOULD PROJECT THAT ONCE YOU 1090 00:35:18,783 --> 00:35:20,919 SO I WOULD PROJECT THAT ONCE YOU ARE INFECTED AND YOU RECOVER, 1091 00:35:20,919 --> 00:35:24,456 ARE INFECTED AND YOU RECOVER, THAT IF YOU GET EXPOSED TO THIS 1092 00:35:24,456 --> 00:35:26,625 THAT IF YOU GET EXPOSED TO THIS EXACT VIRUS, YOU WILL NOT GET 1093 00:35:26,625 --> 00:35:26,925 EXACT VIRUS, YOU WILL NOT GET REINFECTED. 1094 00:35:26,925 --> 00:35:29,794 REINFECTED. REMEMBER, THERE ARE MANY 1095 00:35:29,794 --> 00:35:30,562 REMEMBER, THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OF 1096 00:35:30,562 --> 00:35:31,429 DIFFERENT KINDS OF CORONAVIRUSES. 1097 00:35:31,429 --> 00:35:32,063 CORONAVIRUSES. BUT THE ONE THAT INFECTED YOU, 1098 00:35:32,063 --> 00:35:37,636 BUT THE ONE THAT INFECTED YOU, YOU SHOULD BE PROTECTED AGAINST. 1099 00:35:37,636 --> 00:35:39,838 YOU SHOULD BE PROTECTED AGAINST. >> I WANT TO BE CONSCIOUS OF OUR 1100 00:35:39,838 --> 00:35:40,072 >> I WANT TO BE CONSCIOUS OF OUR TIME. 1101 00:35:40,072 --> 00:35:41,038 TIME. IS THERE ANYTHING WE DIDN’T GET 1102 00:35:41,038 --> 00:35:42,007 IS THERE ANYTHING WE DIDN’T GET A CHANCE TO TALK ABOUT THAT YOU 1103 00:35:42,007 --> 00:35:44,542 A CHANCE TO TALK ABOUT THAT YOU WANT TO MAKE SURE WE ADDRESS 1104 00:35:44,542 --> 00:35:45,144 WANT TO MAKE SURE WE ADDRESS HERE? 1105 00:35:45,144 --> 00:35:47,146 HERE? >> YOU KNOW, I THINK WE SPOKE 1106 00:35:47,146 --> 00:35:48,647 >> YOU KNOW, I THINK WE SPOKE ABOUT IT INDIRECTLY, MARK, BUT I 1107 00:35:48,647 --> 00:35:50,949 ABOUT IT INDIRECTLY, MARK, BUT I WOULD LIKE TO MAKE A PLEA TO THE 1108 00:35:50,949 --> 00:35:55,586 WOULD LIKE TO MAKE A PLEA TO THE YOUNG INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE 1109 00:35:55,586 --> 00:35:57,021 YOUNG INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE WATCHING, THE PEOPLE, 1110 00:35:57,021 --> 00:35:58,456 WATCHING, THE PEOPLE, ADOLESCENTS, TEENAGERS, PEOPLE 1111 00:35:58,456 --> 00:36:00,358 ADOLESCENTS, TEENAGERS, PEOPLE IN THEIR 20s AND 30s WHO 1112 00:36:00,358 --> 00:36:01,259 IN THEIR 20s AND 30s WHO WE’VE MENTIONED AND POINTED OUT 1113 00:36:01,259 --> 00:36:06,231 WE’VE MENTIONED AND POINTED OUT ARE SO MUCH LESS LIKELY TO NOT 1114 00:36:06,231 --> 00:36:07,199 ARE SO MUCH LESS LIKELY TO NOT GET A SERIOUS CONSEQUENCE OF 1115 00:36:07,199 --> 00:36:09,534 GET A SERIOUS CONSEQUENCE OF INFECTION TO PLEASE UNDERSTAND 1116 00:36:09,534 --> 00:36:12,303 INFECTION TO PLEASE UNDERSTAND THAT YOU WILL PLAY A MAJOR ROLE 1117 00:36:12,303 --> 00:36:14,239 THAT YOU WILL PLAY A MAJOR ROLE AND ULTIMATELY CONTAINING THIS 1118 00:36:14,239 --> 00:36:16,508 AND ULTIMATELY CONTAINING THIS INFECTION BY NOT BEING CARELESS 1119 00:36:16,508 --> 00:36:21,078 INFECTION BY NOT BEING CARELESS AND AVOIDING, AND NOT LISTENING 1120 00:36:21,078 --> 00:36:22,747 AND AVOIDING, AND NOT LISTENING TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF 1121 00:36:22,747 --> 00:36:23,949 TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF PHYSICAL SEPARATION. 1122 00:36:23,949 --> 00:36:24,516 PHYSICAL SEPARATION. PLEASE, BECAUSE YOU ARE AN 1123 00:36:24,516 --> 00:36:26,484 PLEASE, BECAUSE YOU ARE AN IMPORTANT PART OF THIS WHOLE 1124 00:36:26,484 --> 00:36:26,718 IMPORTANT PART OF THIS WHOLE PROCESS. 1125 00:36:26,718 --> 00:36:28,853 PROCESS. >> GREAT. 1126 00:36:28,853 --> 00:36:30,821 >> GREAT. AND AS A CLOSING THOUGHT, IS 1127 00:36:30,821 --> 00:36:32,290 AND AS A CLOSING THOUGHT, IS THERE ANY SOURCE OF INFORMATION 1128 00:36:32,290 --> 00:36:33,658 THERE ANY SOURCE OF INFORMATION THAT YOU WOULD POINT PEOPLE TO 1129 00:36:33,658 --> 00:36:33,824 THAT YOU WOULD POINT PEOPLE TO DO? 1130 00:36:33,824 --> 00:36:35,326 DO? LOT OF THE QUESTIONS I’VE GOTTEN 1131 00:36:35,326 --> 00:36:36,728 LOT OF THE QUESTIONS I’VE GOTTEN HERE ARE, WHAT IS THE BEST 1132 00:36:36,728 --> 00:36:38,530 HERE ARE, WHAT IS THE BEST SOURCE OF INFORMATION, THERE’S A 1133 00:36:38,530 --> 00:36:40,231 SOURCE OF INFORMATION, THERE’S A LOT OF CONFLICTING INFORMATION 1134 00:36:40,231 --> 00:36:40,798 LOT OF CONFLICTING INFORMATION OUT THERE. 1135 00:36:40,798 --> 00:36:41,700 OUT THERE. WHAT YOU THINK PEOPLE SHOULD GO 1136 00:36:41,700 --> 00:36:43,601 WHAT YOU THINK PEOPLE SHOULD GO LOOK AT AND RELY ON TO GET 1137 00:36:43,601 --> 00:36:44,469 LOOK AT AND RELY ON TO GET INFORMATION ON THIS GOING 1138 00:36:44,469 --> 00:36:44,703 INFORMATION ON THIS GOING FORWARD? 1139 00:36:44,703 --> 00:36:45,804 FORWARD? >> YEAH. 1140 00:36:45,804 --> 00:36:46,905 >> YEAH. THERE ARE TWO WEBSITES THAT 1141 00:36:46,905 --> 00:36:47,572 THERE ARE TWO WEBSITES THAT OVERLAP WITH EACH OTHER. 1142 00:36:47,572 --> 00:36:49,941 OVERLAP WITH EACH OTHER. YOU CAN ACCESS ONE FROM THE 1143 00:36:49,941 --> 00:36:50,709 YOU CAN ACCESS ONE FROM THE OTHER. 1144 00:36:50,709 --> 00:36:54,412 OTHER. ONE IS CDC.GOV, BUT IF YOU WANT 1145 00:36:54,412 --> 00:36:55,714 ONE IS CDC.GOV, BUT IF YOU WANT TO DIRECTLY GO TO CORONAVIRUS 1146 00:36:55,714 --> 00:37:01,219 TO DIRECTLY GO TO CORONAVIRUS INFORMATION, JUST DIAL IN 1147 00:37:01,219 --> 00:37:01,620 INFORMATION, JUST DIAL IN CORONAVIRUS.GOV. 1148 00:37:01,620 --> 00:37:05,457 CORONAVIRUS.GOV. >> GREAT, AND FACEBOOK HAS JUST 1149 00:37:05,457 --> 00:37:06,025 >> GREAT, AND FACEBOOK HAS JUST LAUNCHED THE CORONAVIRUS 1150 00:37:06,025 --> 00:37:07,960 LAUNCHED THE CORONAVIRUS INFORMATION CENTER, WHICH WE ARE 1151 00:37:07,960 --> 00:37:08,560 INFORMATION CENTER, WHICH WE ARE PUTTING AT THE TOP OF THE APP 1152 00:37:08,560 --> 00:37:10,695 PUTTING AT THE TOP OF THE APP AND AT THE TOP OF THE MENU FOR 1153 00:37:10,695 --> 00:37:12,564 AND AT THE TOP OF THE MENU FOR THE NEXT PERIOD WHILE THIS 1154 00:37:12,564 --> 00:37:15,934 THE NEXT PERIOD WHILE THIS SITUATION IS GOING ON AND WE ARE 1155 00:37:15,934 --> 00:37:16,468 SITUATION IS GOING ON AND WE ARE AGGREGATING A LOT OF TRUST 1156 00:37:16,468 --> 00:37:19,004 AGGREGATING A LOT OF TRUST INFORMATION FROM HEALTH 1157 00:37:19,004 --> 00:37:20,838 INFORMATION FROM HEALTH AUTHORITIES LIKE THE CDC, 1158 00:37:20,838 --> 00:37:21,906 AUTHORITIES LIKE THE CDC, W.H.O., AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AS 1159 00:37:21,906 --> 00:37:22,107 W.H.O., AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AS WELL. 1160 00:37:22,107 --> 00:37:25,210 WELL. SO YOU CAN CHECK THAT OUT TOO. 1161 00:37:25,210 --> 00:37:26,745 SO YOU CAN CHECK THAT OUT TOO. DR. FAUCI, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 1162 00:37:26,745 --> 00:37:27,411 DR. FAUCI, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING ME ON THIS. 1163 00:37:27,411 --> 00:37:28,613 JOINING ME ON THIS. IT’S REALLY IMPORTANT THAT 1164 00:37:28,613 --> 00:37:29,815 IT’S REALLY IMPORTANT THAT PEOPLE GET A CHANCE TO HEAR FROM 1165 00:37:29,815 --> 00:37:31,250 PEOPLE GET A CHANCE TO HEAR FROM YOU AND I JUST WANT TO THANK YOU 1166 00:37:31,250 --> 00:37:33,184 YOU AND I JUST WANT TO THANK YOU AND ALL OF THE FOLKS ON YOUR 1167 00:37:33,184 --> 00:37:34,719 AND ALL OF THE FOLKS ON YOUR TEAM, AND ALL OF THE MEDICAL 1168 00:37:34,719 --> 00:37:35,386 TEAM, AND ALL OF THE MEDICAL WORKERS AND HEALTH WORKERS ON 1169 00:37:35,386 --> 00:37:37,222 WORKERS AND HEALTH WORKERS ON THE FRONT LINES WHO ARE FIGHTING 1170 00:37:37,222 --> 00:37:37,556 THE FRONT LINES WHO ARE FIGHTING THIS. 1171 00:37:37,556 --> 00:37:40,191 THIS. YOU ARE ALL DOING HEROIC WORK, 1172 00:37:40,191 --> 00:37:43,562 YOU ARE ALL DOING HEROIC WORK, AND I THINK I CAN SAY THIS FOR A 1173 00:37:43,562 --> 00:37:45,129 AND I THINK I CAN SAY THIS FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE, BUT I’M EXTREMELY 1174 00:37:45,129 --> 00:37:46,464 LOT OF PEOPLE, BUT I’M EXTREMELY GRATEFUL FOR EVERYTHING YOU ARE 1175 00:37:46,464 --> 00:37:46,831 GRATEFUL FOR EVERYTHING YOU ARE DOING. 1176 00:37:46,831 --> 00:37:47,599 DOING. SO THANK YOU. 1177 00:37:47,599 --> 00:37:50,002 SO THANK YOU. >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MARK. 1178 00:37:50,002 --> 00:37:51,436 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MARK. IT WAS A PLEASURE BEING WITH 1179 00:37:51,436 --> 00:37:51,970 IT WAS A PLEASURE BEING WITH YOU. 1180 00:37:51,970 --> 00:37:54,405 YOU. >> YOU TOO. 1181 00:37:54,405 --> 00:37:54,672 >> YOU TOO. GOOD LUCK!